京张地区延矾盆地北缘活动断裂带桑园镇隐伏段综合地球物理及钻孔地层剖面研究
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摘要
京张高铁预选路线跨越延矾盆地北缘活动断裂隐伏段,隐伏活动断裂的产状、活动性对高铁设计、建设和运营具有直接影响。针对盆地隐伏活动断裂的复杂性特征,利用可控源音频大地电磁测深(CSAMT)、浅层地震、高密度电阻率综合地球物理探测,以及钻孔地层剖面记录等方法,分析延矾盆地北缘活动断裂隐伏段特征,结果表明:(1)延矾盆地北缘活动断裂隐伏段由两条次级断层组成(F2-1、F2-2),二者大致平行分布,走向N56°E,倾角为50～70°,平面上,与地表出露段共同呈右阶雁列分布;(2)F2-1次级断层可分辨上断点埋深约10 m,其晚更新世以来垂直滑动速率大约0.12 mm/a,应是重大工程建设重点设防对象,次级断裂F2-2可分辨上断点埋深约30 m,晚更新世以来活动性弱;(3)通过钻孔地层剖面记录与地球物理探测成果对比,CSAMT法与浅层地震勘探对基岩顶界面探测可靠有效,高密度电阻率法对于该地区浅部第四系松散堆积物探测效果显著,比较直观地反映出电性异常体的形态和规模,通过综合地球物理探测,能够做到优势互补,减少隐伏活动断层解译的不确定性。
North Yanqing and Fanshan Basin active fault is a significant factor for engineering design of Beijing-Zhangjiakou highspeed railway, and buried section of this active fault in Yanqing and Fanshan Basin is complicated and unclear. In order to detect the location, characteristics and activity intensity of the buried active fault, the authors used many methods, such as the controlled source audio-frequency magnetotelluric(CSAMT), shallow seismic reflection, high density resistivity and drilling exploration. The results show that the buried North Yanqing and Fanshan Basin active fault consists of two secondary faults, i.e., F2-1, F2-2, which are distributed parallelly. The trending of the tow secondary faults is N56°E, and the dip angle of them is 50～70°. Meanwhile, they are right-stepped, oblique-arranged normal faults. The burial depth of distinguishable broken point is 10 m for F2-1 secondary fault and 30 m for F2-2 secondary fault. F2-1 secondary fault is an active fault, its vertical activity rate has been 0.12 mm/a since the Late Pleistocene. Activity of F2-2 secondary fault has been weak since the Late Pleistocene. Compared with the result of drilling exploration, the CSAMT method and shallow seismic reflection method have some advantages in exploration of bedrock interface,whereas the high density resistivity method is good at exploration of shallow loose deposits and can display more effectively broken point of fault. By means of comprehensive geophysical-drilling exploration, researchers can achieve the complementary advantages, and can reduce the uncertainty of the interpretation for buried active faults exploration.
North Yanqing and Fanshan Basin active fault is a significant factor for engineering design of Beijing-Zhangjiakou highspeed railway, and buried section of this active fault in Yanqing and Fanshan Basin is complicated and unclear. In order to detect the location, characteristics and activity intensity of the buried active fault, the authors used many methods, such as the controlled source audio-frequency magnetotelluric(CSAMT), shallow seismic reflection, high density resistivity and drilling exploration. The results show that the buried North Yanqing and Fanshan Basin active fault consists of two secondary faults, i.e., F2-1, F2-2, which are distributed parallelly. The trending of the tow secondary faults is N56°E, and the dip angle of them is 50～70°. Meanwhile, they are right-stepped, oblique-arranged normal faults. The burial depth of distinguishable broken point is 10 m for F2-1 secondary fault and 30 m for F2-2 secondary fault. F2-1 secondary fault is an active fault, its vertical activity rate has been 0.12 mm/a since the Late Pleistocene. Activity of F2-2 secondary fault has been weak since the Late Pleistocene. Compared with the result of drilling exploration, the CSAMT method and shallow seismic reflection method have some advantages in exploration of bedrock interface,whereas the high density resistivity method is good at exploration of shallow loose deposits and can display more effectively broken point of fault. By means of comprehensive geophysical-drilling exploration, researchers can achieve the complementary advantages, and can reduce the uncertainty of the interpretation for buried active faults exploration.
引文
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