西非下刚果盆地、加蓬盆地裂陷期构造特征对比研究
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摘要
为研究下刚果盆地和加蓬盆地盐下构造特征的差异性,指导其盐下勘探,通过不同构造位置的地震、地质剖面分析,对比两盆地裂陷期构造特征的异同。研究结果表明两者均经历了裂谷期、过渡期和漂移期三大构造演化阶段。在裂陷期,两者构造格局相同,但构造规模和隆坳格局有一定的差异性。下刚果盆地内裂谷盆地隆坳特征更为明显,加蓬盆地外裂谷盆地隆坳格局更加清楚。裂陷期的有利勘探区带,下刚果盆地主要集中在内裂谷盆地,加蓬盆地则主要集中在外裂谷盆地。裂谷作用的起始时间、转换断层和基底性质差异可能是造成两者异同的主要原因。
The structural characteristics of the Lower Congo and Gabon basins in rifting stage are analyzed based on the interpretation of the seismic and geological profiles to compare the pre-salt structures between two basins and to guide the pre-salt exploration. The results show that both basins experienced three stages of tectonic evolution: rifting period,transitional period and drifting period. In the rifting stage,the two basins have the same structural framework,but the structural scale and patterns of uplift-depression are different. In the Lower Congo Basin,the depression-uplift structure is more obvious in the inner rift-basins,while in Gabon Basin,it is more explicit in outer rift-basins. So in Lower Congo Basin,the favorable exploration area may be in inner rift-basins and in Gabon basin the exploration potential may be in outer rift-basins. The differences in starting time of the rift,the transform faults and the characters of the basement may be the reasons leading to the differentiation between the two basins in rifting period.
The structural characteristics of the Lower Congo and Gabon basins in rifting stage are analyzed based on the interpretation of the seismic and geological profiles to compare the pre-salt structures between two basins and to guide the pre-salt exploration. The results show that both basins experienced three stages of tectonic evolution: rifting period,transitional period and drifting period. In the rifting stage,the two basins have the same structural framework,but the structural scale and patterns of uplift-depression are different. In the Lower Congo Basin,the depression-uplift structure is more obvious in the inner rift-basins,while in Gabon Basin,it is more explicit in outer rift-basins. So in Lower Congo Basin,the favorable exploration area may be in inner rift-basins and in Gabon basin the exploration potential may be in outer rift-basins. The differences in starting time of the rift,the transform faults and the characters of the basement may be the reasons leading to the differentiation between the two basins in rifting period.
引文
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[16]刘亚雷,马嫡,柳永杰,等.刚果扇X区块中新统重力流水道储层分布特征研究[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(4):16-23.LIU Ya-lei,MA Di,LIU Yong-jie,et al. Reservoir distribution characteristics of Miocene gravity flow channel in block X of Congo fan[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(4):16-23.
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[18]丁汝鑫,陈文学,熊利平,等.下刚果盆地油气成藏主控因素及勘探方向[J].特种油气藏,2009,16(5):32-35.DING Ru-xin,CHEN Wen-xue,XIONG Li-ping,et al.Reservoir control factors and exploration directions of Lower Congo Basin[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2009,16(5):32-35.
[19]阳怀忠,邓运华,黄兴文,等.西非加蓬盆地深水盐下油气勘探技术创新与实践[J].中国海上油气,2018,30(4):1-12.YANG Huai-zhong, DENG Yun-hua, HUANG Xingwen,et al. Innovation and practice of deep water presalt hydrocarbon exploration technologies in Gabon Basin,West Africa[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,2018,30(4):1-12.
[20] Michael R L,Scot I F,Sumner H S,et al. Geodynamics of the central South Atlantic conjugate margins[J].Petroleum Geoscience,2010,16:217-229.
[2] IHS Energy. Gabon Basin[R]. IHS Energy,2010.
[3]刘亚雷,柳永杰,李梅,等.西非宽扎盆地盐下构造特征及成藏条件分析[J].断块油气田,2017,24(1):1-4.LIU Ya-lei,LIU Yong-jie,LI Mei,et al. Pre-salt structure characteristics and reservoir conditions of Kwanza Basin,West Africa[J]. Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2017,24(1):1-4.
[4]熊利平,王骏,殷进垠,等.西非构造演化及其对油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油天然气地质,2005,26(5):641-646.XIONG Li-ping,WANG Jun,YIN Jin-yin,et al. Tectonic evolution and its control on hydrocarbon accumulation in West Africa[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(5):641-646.
[5]林卫东,陈文学,熊利平,等.西非海岸盆地油气成藏主控因素及勘探潜力[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(5):450-455.LIN Wei-dong,CHEN Wen-xue,XIONG Li-ping,et al.Pool forming constrains and the hydrocarbon exploration potential of the West Africa coast basins[J]. Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2008,30(5):450-455.
[6]马君,刘剑平,潘校华,等.西非被动大陆边缘构造演化特征及动力学背景[J].海外勘探,2008,3:60-64.MA Jun,LIU Jian-ping,PAN Xiao-hua,et al. Evolution characteristics and dynamic background of passive continental margine structure in West Africa[J]. Oversea Exploration,2008,3:60-64.
[7]马金苹,胡孝林,郝立华,等.西非Rio Muni盆地复杂盐拱构造油藏特征[J].世界地质,2015,34(3):760-765.MA Jin-ping,HU Xiao-lin,HAO Li-hua,et al. Reservoir characteristics of complex salt-arch structure in Rio Muni Basin,West Africa[J]. Global Geology,2015,34(3):760-765.
[8]汪伟光,喻莲,聂明龙.南大西洋两岸被动大陆边缘盆地油气地质特征对比[J].新疆石油地质,2012,33(2):250-255.WANG Wei-guang,YU Lian,NIE Ming-long. Comparison of hydrocarbon geological characteristics of intercoastal passive continental margin basins, South Atlantic Ocean[J]. Xingjiang Petroleum Geology,2012,33(2):250-255.
[9]温志新,万仑坤,吴亚东,等.西非被动大陆边缘盆地大油气田形成条件分段对比[J].新疆石油地质,2013,34(5):607-613.WEN Zhi-xin,WAN Lun-kun,WU Ya-dong,et al. Formation conditions and segment corelation of the giant oilgas fields in passive continental margin basins in West Africa[J]. Xingjiang Petroleum Geology,2013,34(5):607-613.
[10] Schiefelbein C F,Zumberge J E,Cameron N C,et al.Geochemical comparison of crude oil along the South Atlantic margins[J]. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir,2000,73:15-26.
[11]万桂梅,汤良杰,金文正,等.库车前陆盆地与波斯湾盆地盐构造对比研究[J].世界地质,2006,25(1):59-66.WAN Gui-mei,TANG Liang-jie,JIN Wen-zheng,et al. Comparison of Kuqa foreland basin with Persian Gulf Basin in salt tectonics[J]. Global Geology,2006,25(1):59-66.
[12]刘深艳,胡孝林,常迈.西非加蓬海岸盆地盐岩特征及其石油地质意义[J].海洋石油,2011,31(3):1-10.LIU Shen-yan,HU Xiao-lin,CHANG Mai. Characteristics of salt of Gabon coastal basin in West Africa:implications for petroleum exploration[J]. Offshore Oil,2011,31(3):1-10.
[13]杨晓娟,李军,于炳松.下刚果盆地构造特征及油气勘探潜力[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(6):2583-2593.YANG Xiao-juan,LI Jun,YU Bing-song. Structural feature and exploratory potential of the Lower Congo Basin[J]. Progress in Geophysics,2012,27(6):2583-2593.
[14]陈安清,胡思涵,楼章华,等.西非加蓬海岸盆地盐构造及其对成藏组合的控制[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(2):228-237.CHEN An-qing,HU Si-han,LOU Zhang-hua,et al.Salt tectonics and its control on play of Gabon Coastal Basin,West Africa[J]. Gas Geoscience,2014,25(2):228-237.
[15]黄兴文,胡孝林,于水,等.南加蓬次盆盐下油气分布规律与成藏特征[J].中国海上油气,2015,27(2):17-23.HUANG Xing-wen,HU Xiao-lin,YU Shui,et al. Hydrocarbon distribution and accumulation characteristics of pre-salt zones in South Gabon sub-basin[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,2015,27(2):17-23.
[16]刘亚雷,马嫡,柳永杰,等.刚果扇X区块中新统重力流水道储层分布特征研究[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(4):16-23.LIU Ya-lei,MA Di,LIU Yong-jie,et al. Reservoir distribution characteristics of Miocene gravity flow channel in block X of Congo fan[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(4):16-23.
[17]刘亚雷.下刚果盆地盐下构造特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用[J].现代地质,2016,30(6):1311-1317.LIU Ya-lei. Pre-salt structure characteristics and its control on hydrocarbon accumulation in Lower Congo Basin[J]. Geoscience,2016,30(6),1311-1317.
[18]丁汝鑫,陈文学,熊利平,等.下刚果盆地油气成藏主控因素及勘探方向[J].特种油气藏,2009,16(5):32-35.DING Ru-xin,CHEN Wen-xue,XIONG Li-ping,et al.Reservoir control factors and exploration directions of Lower Congo Basin[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2009,16(5):32-35.
[19]阳怀忠,邓运华,黄兴文,等.西非加蓬盆地深水盐下油气勘探技术创新与实践[J].中国海上油气,2018,30(4):1-12.YANG Huai-zhong, DENG Yun-hua, HUANG Xingwen,et al. Innovation and practice of deep water presalt hydrocarbon exploration technologies in Gabon Basin,West Africa[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,2018,30(4):1-12.
[20] Michael R L,Scot I F,Sumner H S,et al. Geodynamics of the central South Atlantic conjugate margins[J].Petroleum Geoscience,2010,16:217-229.
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