粤北锦江扶溪段河流阶地的光释光测年
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摘要
粤北锦江扶溪段保留了第四纪时期的5级阶地,运用光释光测年技术对T_2～T_5级阶地的砾石层进行了测年,并从气候和构造角度分析了阶地成因.研究结果显示:T_3形成于67 ka BP,对应于深海氧同位素4阶段(MIS4); T_2形成于51 ka BP,对应于MIS3b阶段;阶地堆积层堆积于冷期,气候变化影响着河流的侧蚀、堆积和下切作用,而新构造运动的构造抬升作用驱动了足够的下切量,使锦江扶溪段依次下切17、19、12、10 m,形成T_5、T_4、T_3和T_2阶地;南岸的河谷下切速率为0.3 mm/a,大于2倍的现代流域侵蚀速率,地貌发育符合年轻山地的抬升—下切—侵蚀模式.
There are five river terraces in upper Jinjiang River around Fuxi,Northern Guangdong Province. The OSL technique was used to date sediments from the four higher terraces (T_2-T_5). The evolution processes of the four terraces were analyzed based on the dating results and geomorphological characteristics. It was shown that T_3 and T_2 were formed at 67 ka BP and 51 ka BP,corresponding to early periods of marine isotope stage 4 and 3 b,respectively. The sediments on straths deposited during the cold periods. The incisions began at the cold-warm transitions. Climate change influenced the alternation of fluvial lateral erosion,deposition and incision process,but the adequate incision amount was driven by tectonic uplifting. The valley incision ratio of Jinjiang River is 0.3 mm/a,which is more than twice the modern erosion ratio. It is implied that the Nanling mountain was response to an upliftincision-erosion mechanism that generally occurs in a young mountain.
There are five river terraces in upper Jinjiang River around Fuxi,Northern Guangdong Province. The OSL technique was used to date sediments from the four higher terraces (T_2-T_5). The evolution processes of the four terraces were analyzed based on the dating results and geomorphological characteristics. It was shown that T_3 and T_2 were formed at 67 ka BP and 51 ka BP,corresponding to early periods of marine isotope stage 4 and 3 b,respectively. The sediments on straths deposited during the cold periods. The incisions began at the cold-warm transitions. Climate change influenced the alternation of fluvial lateral erosion,deposition and incision process,but the adequate incision amount was driven by tectonic uplifting. The valley incision ratio of Jinjiang River is 0.3 mm/a,which is more than twice the modern erosion ratio. It is implied that the Nanling mountain was response to an upliftincision-erosion mechanism that generally occurs in a young mountain.
引文
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[2]魏全伟,谭利华,王随继.河流阶地的形成、演变及环境效应[J].地理科学进展,2006,25(3):55-61.WEI Q W,TAN L H,WANG S J.Formation and evolution of river terrace and environment responses[J].Progress in Geography,2006,25(3):55-61.
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[4]PAN B T,SU H,HU Z B,et al.Evaluating the role of climate and tectonics during non-steady incision of the Yellow River:evidence from a 1.24 Ma terrace record near Lanzhou[J].China Quaternary Science Reviews,2009,28:3281-3290.
[5]PAN B T,WANG J S,GAO H S.Terrace dating as an archive of the run-through of the Sanmen Gorge[J].Progress in Natural Science,2005,15:1096-1103.
[6]潘保田,苏怀,李吉均,等.兰州东盆地最近1.2 Ma的黄河阶地序列与形成原因[J].第四纪研究,2007,27(2):172-181.PAN B T,SU H,LI J J,et al.River terraces of the Yellow River and their genesis in eastern Lanzhou basin during last 1.2 Ma[J].Quaternary Sciences,2007,27(2):172-181.
[7]潘保田,高红山,李炳元,等.青藏高原层状地貌与高原隆升[J].第四纪研究,2004,24(1):50-59.PAN B T,GAO H S,LI B Y.Step-like landforms and uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J].Quaternary Sciences,2004,24(1):50-59.
[8]GEACH M,THOMSEN K,BUYLAERT J,et al.Singlegrain and multi-grain OSL dating of river terrace sediments in the Tabernas Basin,SE Spain[J].Quaternary Geochronology,2015,30:213-218.
[9]胡春生.河流阶地研究进展综述[J].地球环境学报,2014,5(5):353-363.HU C S.Progress in research on river terraces[J].Journal of Earth Environment,2014,5(5):353-363.
[10]刘小丰,高红山,刘洪春,等.河流阶地研究进展评述[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(2):195-201.LIU X F,GAO H S,LIU H C,et al.Review on research progress of river terraces[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2011,33(2):195-201.
[11]胡振波.晋陕黄河晚新生代水系发育与河流阶地研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2012.HU Z B.The study on the drainage evolution and fluvial terraces in the Jinshaan Yellow River during late Cenozoic[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2012.
[12]高红山,李宗盟,刘小丰,等.三阳川盆地渭河阶地发育与河谷地貌演化[J].中国科学:地球科学,2017,47(2):191-204.GAO H S,LI Z M,LIU X F,et al.Fluvial terraces and their implications for Weihe River valley evolution in the Sanyangchuan Basin[J].Scientia Sinica:Terrae,2017,47(2):191-204.
[13]高红山,潘保田,李吉均,等.祁连山东段金塔河流域层状地貌时代与成因探讨[J].山地学报,2005,23(3):129-135.GAO H S,PAN B T,LI J J,et al.Age and genesis of the stepped geomorphic surfaces in Jinta River basin of the eastern Qilian mountains[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2005,23(3):129-135.
[14]常宏,安芷生,强小科,等.河流阶地的形成及其对构造与气候的意义[J].海洋地质动态,2005,21(2):8-11.CHANG H,AN Z S,QIANG X K,et al.Workflow analysis of marine geological project management[J].Marine Geology Letters,2005,21(2):8-11.
[15]MADDY D,BRIDGLAND D,WESTAWAY R.Uplift-driven valley incision and climate-controlled river terrace development in the Thames Valley[J].Quaternary International,2001,79:23-26.
[16]许刘兵,周尚哲.河流阶地形成过程及其驱动机制再研究[J].地理科学,2007,27(5):672-678.XU L B,ZHOU S Z.Formation process and driving mechanisms of fluvial terrace[J].Geographical Science,2007,27(5):672-678.
[17]许刘兵,周尚哲.川西硕曲河流阶地及其对山地抬升和气候变化的响应[J].冰川冻土,2007,29(4):603-612.XU L B,ZHOU S Z.River terraces in the Shuoqu River and their response to mountain uplift and climate changes in western Sichuan Province[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2007,29(4):603-612.
[18]许刘兵,周尚哲.青藏高原东部牙着库河流阶地研究[J].地质学报,2008,82(2):269-279.XU L B,ZHOU S Z.Influence of tectonic uplift and climate changes on the Yazheku River terraces in the eastern Tibetan Plateau[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2008,82(2):269-279.
[19]WESTAWAY R.Late Cenozoic uplift of the eastern United States revealed by sequences of the Susquehanna and Ohio system:coupling between surface process and lower-crustal flow[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2007,26:2823-2843.
[20]VELDKAMP A.Simulating internal and external controls on fluvial terrace stratigraphy:a qualitative comparision with the Mass record[J].Geomorphology,2000,33:225-236.
[21]黄镇国,张伟强.中国热带第四纪板块构造的地貌效应[J].地理科学,2004,24(3):286-291.HUANG Z G,ZHANG W Q.Geomorphological effects of plate movement during quaternary in China’s tropic[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2004,24(3):286-291.
[22]刘尚仁,黄进.粤北地区的河流阶地-广东河流阶地研究之三[J].热带地理,2011,31(1):3-7.LIU S R,HUANG J.The river terraces in north Guangdong Province[J].Tropical Geography,2011,31(1):3-7.
[23]刘尚仁.广东河谷地貌[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),1997,36(1):89-95.LIU S R.Valley landform in Guangdong Province[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,1997,36(1):89-95.
[24]刘尚仁.北江水系的形成和发育[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),1987(2):8-14.LIU S R.Formation and development of the North River Drainage[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,1987(2):8-14.
[25]刘尚仁.粤北地貌的形成发育和生产利用[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),1986(1):58-64.LIU S R.The formation,development and rhe utilization of the landform of the north Guangdong[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,1986(1):58-64.
[26]刘尚仁.晚更新世以来北江和西江的阶地、地壳运动及其生产利用[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),1984(4):135-142.LIU S R.The terraces and crustal movements of the North River and the West River since the Late Pleistocene Epoch and the utilization of the terraces[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,1984(4):135-142.
[27]王振华,郭曰恒,傅叙,等.韶关幅区域地质调查报告[M].广州:广东省地质局,1982.
[28]赖忠平,欧先交.光释光测年基本流程[J].地理科学进展,2013,32(5):683-694.LAI Z P,OU X J.Basic procedures of Optically Stimulated Luminescence(OSL)dating[J].Progress in Geography,2013,32(5):683-694.
[29]欧先交,张彪.青藏高原东部当子沟末次冰期冰川演化光释光测年[J].地理科学进展,2013,32(2):262-270.OU X J,ZHANG B.OSL dating study on the glacial evolutions during the Last Glaciation at Dangzi Valley in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J].Progress in Geography,2013,32(2):262-270.
[30]欧先交.青藏高原东部雀儿山地区冰川沉积物光释光测年研究[D].广州:华南师范大学,2011.OU X J.Luminescence dating of glacial sediments from Queer Shan mountain,eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[D].Guangzhou:South China Normal University,2011.
[31]张家富,袁宝印,周力平.福建晋江“老红砂”的释光年代学及对南方第四纪沉积物释光测年的指示意义[J].科学通报,2007,52(22):2646-2654.ZHANG J F,YUAN B Y,ZHOU L P.The chronological of“old red sand”in Jinjiang,Fujian Province and its indicative significance to the photoluminescence dating of quaternary sediments in southern China[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2007,52(22):2646-2654.
[32]SCHUMM S.River response to baselevel change implications for sequence stratigraphy[J].The Journal of Geology,1993,101:279-294.
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