摘要
该文提出一种静态与动态分离的在线混合试验框架,其中动力方程由时间积分算法得出,回复力由对子结构的静力加载得出。混合试验中,数值子结构和试验子结构之间的边界协调问题是试验成功与否的关键。该文提出一种交替协调的边界近似协调方法,数值子结构边界上的位移由上一步的试验子结构提供,而获得的边界上的力用于这一步的试验子结构的加载。将该方法应用于六层菱形BRB加固的混凝土框架中,通过数值验证,这种近似的边界协调方式引入的误差可以忽略。尽管这不是一种精确的边界处理方式,但它使子结构混合试验的实施变得更加简单且灵活。
This paper proposed an online hybrid test framework using a static and dynamic separated model scheme, where the equations of motion are solved by the operator-splitting(OS) algorithm and the restoring force is obtained from a static analysis or quasi-static test of substructures. The boundary coordination between the numerical and physical substructure is one of the keys to achieve a hybrid test. This paper proposed a staggered coordination method to coordinate the boundary conditions approximately, in which the displacements of boundaries in the numerical substructure in the current step are measured in the physical substructure in the last step and force analyzed results of the numerical substructure are then exerted on the boundaries of physical substructure for loading. The method was applied to a six floor RC frame retrofitted by double-K BRBs. The error caused by the approximation were confirmed to be negligible through numerical verification. Although this is not an accurate method, it makes hybrid tests easier and more flexible.
引文
[1]Hakuno M,Shidawara M,Hara T.Dynamic destructive test of a cantilever beam controlled by an analogcomputer[C].Japan:Japan Society of Civil Engineers,1969:1―9.
[2]Takanashi K,Udagawa K,Seki M,et al.Nonlinear earthquake response analysis of structures by a computer-actuator on-line system[J].Bulletin of Earthquake Resistant Structure Research Center,1975,8:1―17.
[3]Nakashima M,Takai H.Computer-actuator online testing using substructure and mixed integration techniques[C].Japan:Architectural Institute of Japan,1985:205―210.
[4]Mahin SA,Shing PB.Pseudodynamic method for seismic testing[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1985,111(7):1482―1503.
[5]Nakashima M,Kato H,Takaoka E.Development of real-time pseudo dynamic testing[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2010,21(1):79―92.
[6]Takahashi Y,Fenves G L.Software framework for distributed experimental-computational simulation of structural systems[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2006,35(3):267―291.
[7]Kwon OS,Elnashai AS,Spencer B F.A framework for distributed analytical and hybrid simulations[J].Structural Engineering&Mechanics,2008,30(3):331―350.
[8]王涛,潘鹏.子结构混合试验方法研究与应用[J].工程力学,2018,35(2):1―12.Wang Tao,Pan Peng.Study and application of substructure online hybrid test method[J].Engineering Mechanics,2018,35(2):1―12.(in Chinese)
[9]Wang T,Nakashima M,Pan P.On-line hybrid test combining with general-purpose finite element software[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2010,35(12):1471―1488.
[10]Barbagallo F,Bosco M,Marino EM,et al.Amulti-performance design method for seismic upgrading of existing RC frames by BRBs[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2016,46(7):1099―1119.
[11]Wang T,Mosqueda G,Jacobsen A,et al.Performance evaluation of a distributed hybrid test framework to reproduce the collapse behavior of a structure[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2012,41(2):295―313.