福建黄塘晚侏罗世长林组硅质岩地球化学特征及其沉积环境意义
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摘要
福建黄塘地区晚侏罗世长林组发育一套层状硅质岩,夹薄层凝灰岩,产硅质海绵骨针和硅质钙藻,其硅质岩沉积环境复杂,成因一直存在不同认识。本文通过野外地质调查和岩相学研究,以及主量元素、稀土元素和微量元素分析认为,该区硅质岩为非纯硅质岩,在Fe-Mn-Al三角图中样品位于生物成因区及附近,Mo和V含量富集、轻稀土富集、Eu弱负异常及U/Th值也都具有典型的生物成因特征,且微观特征显示其受到火山活动的影响。黄塘硅质岩在Fe_2O_3/TiO_2Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)、TFe_2O_3/(100-SiO_2)Al_2O_3/(100-SiO_2)和(La/Ce)NAl_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)图解中都投在了大陆边缘及附近。ΣREE值较高、Ceanom值、MnO/TiO2值及(La/Yb)N值等这些地球化学指标一致表明黄塘硅质岩处于受陆源物质影响的大陆边缘浅海沉积环境。在前人研究基础上,认为研究区在晚侏罗世早期开始发生海侵并伴有小规模的火山活动,整体为还原环境,局部可能水体较深,为进一步开展福建、浙江地区的石油地质评价工作提供了依据。
The Changlin Formation in the Huangtang area,Fujian Province developed bedded siliceous rocks consisting of thin-layered tuff and producing siliceous sponge spicules and siliceous calcareous algaes.The sedimentary environment of the siliceous rocks is complex and their origin is still under debate.Here,based on our field geological survey and petrographic study,as well as analyses of major elements,rare earth elements and trace elements,we show that the siliceous rocks have similar phase behavior as nonhydrothermal siliceous rocks in the Fe-Mn-Al diagram.Moreover,findings of enrichment of Mo,V and LREEs,weak negative Eu anomalies and U/Th values concur with typical biogenic characteristics,while microscopic characteristics show influence of volcanic activity.In the major element discrimination diagrams including Fe_2O_3/TiO_2-Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3),TFe_2O_3/(100-SiO_2)-Al_2O_3/(100 SiO_2)and(La/Ce)N-Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3 +Fe_2O_3)diagrams,the siliceous rocks are consistent with continental shelf.Geochemical indicators such as highΣREE value and values of Ceanom,MnO/TiO_2 and(La/Yb)_N,all indicate that the siliceous rocks deposited in the shallow sea continental shelf under anoxic condition,affected by terrigenous material in the Huangtang area.Combining other researchers'work,we believe that transgression in the study area began in the Late Jurassic accompanied by small-scale volcanic activities in an overall reducing environment,producing isolated deep water areas.Our research may guide future developments in petroleum geology assessment of prospective regions in Fujian and Zhejiang Provinces.
The Changlin Formation in the Huangtang area,Fujian Province developed bedded siliceous rocks consisting of thin-layered tuff and producing siliceous sponge spicules and siliceous calcareous algaes.The sedimentary environment of the siliceous rocks is complex and their origin is still under debate.Here,based on our field geological survey and petrographic study,as well as analyses of major elements,rare earth elements and trace elements,we show that the siliceous rocks have similar phase behavior as nonhydrothermal siliceous rocks in the Fe-Mn-Al diagram.Moreover,findings of enrichment of Mo,V and LREEs,weak negative Eu anomalies and U/Th values concur with typical biogenic characteristics,while microscopic characteristics show influence of volcanic activity.In the major element discrimination diagrams including Fe_2O_3/TiO_2-Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3),TFe_2O_3/(100-SiO_2)-Al_2O_3/(100 SiO_2)and(La/Ce)N-Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3 +Fe_2O_3)diagrams,the siliceous rocks are consistent with continental shelf.Geochemical indicators such as highΣREE value and values of Ceanom,MnO/TiO_2 and(La/Yb)_N,all indicate that the siliceous rocks deposited in the shallow sea continental shelf under anoxic condition,affected by terrigenous material in the Huangtang area.Combining other researchers'work,we believe that transgression in the study area began in the Late Jurassic accompanied by small-scale volcanic activities in an overall reducing environment,producing isolated deep water areas.Our research may guide future developments in petroleum geology assessment of prospective regions in Fujian and Zhejiang Provinces.
引文
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[6]冯彩霞,刘家军.硅质岩的研究现状及其成矿意义[J].世界地质,2001,20(2):119-123.
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[21]张汉文.秦岭泥盆系的热水沉积岩及其与矿产的关系:概论秦岭泥盆纪的海底热水作用[J].中国地质科学院西安地质矿产研究所所刊,1991,13:15-37.
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[23]MURRAY R W,BUCHHOLTZ T B M R,JONES DL,et al.Rare earth elements as indicators of different marine depositional environments in chert and shale[J].Geology,1990,18:268-271.
[24]MURRAY R W,BUCHHOLTZ T B M R,GERLACH DC,et al.Rare earth,major,and trace element in chert from Franciscan complex and Monterey Group:assessing REEsource to fine-grained marine sediments[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1991,55:1875-1895.
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[26]MURRAY R W,JONES D L,BUCHHOLTZ T B M R.Diagenetic formation of bedded chert:evidence from chemistry of the chert shale couple[J].Geology,1992,20:271-274.
[27]TAKEBE M,KAMETAKA M,TAKAYANAGI Y,et al.Origin and deposition of organic matter in continental chert of the middle Permian Gufeng Formation in the northeastern Yangtze platform[J].Sedimentary Geology,2007,201:141-148.
[28]KATO Y,NAKAO K,ISOZAKI Y.Geochemistry of Late Permian to Early Triassic pelagic cherts from southwest Japan:implications for an oceanic redox change[J].Chemical Geology,2002,182(1):15-34.
[29]LI H,ZHAI M,ZHANG L,et al.Distribution,microfabric and geochemical characteristics of siliceous rocks in central orogenic belt,China:implication for a hydrothermal sedimentation model[J].The Scientific World Journal,2014,2014(1):1-25.
[30]杜远生,朱杰,顾松竹.北祁连肃南一带奥陶纪硅质岩沉积地球化学特征及其多岛洋构造意义[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2006,31(1):101-109.
[31]韩宗珠,肖楠,李安龙,等.安徽巢湖下二叠统孤峰组硅质岩沉积地球化学特征与沉积环境分析[J].中国海洋大学学报,2014,44(4):78-85.
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