基于IHA-RVA法四水流域水文情势变化评估
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摘要
为了分析湘江、资江、沅水、澧水流域的水文情势变化情况,选取了湘潭、桃江、桃源和石门4个代表性水文站1959—2016年历史流量资料,应用Mann-Kendall法、累积距平法检验以及滑动T检验法分析湘、资、沅、澧四水的水文特征与水文突变点,并应用水文指标变动范围法(IHA-RVA)和水文改变度法综合评估了四水各站点突变前后水文指标改变程度。研究结果表明:(1)1959—2016年四水流域的湘潭、桃江、桃源站年均流量均呈不同程度的增长趋势,石门站呈降低趋势;湘潭、桃江、桃源、石门站各水文站年均流量变化的突变年份分别为1991、1987、1989和1973年。(2)通过对水文突变前后各水系的水文情势的大小、频率、历时、发生时间和变化率5组水文指标以及变化程度分析,4个站点水文整体改变度分别为36%、22%、35%和42%,其中只有桃江站改变度为低度改变其余3站都处于中度改变。该研究成果可为四水流域水文情势影响评价以及流域水生生态安全提供技术支撑。
In order to analyze the hydrological regimes of Xiangjiang, Zijiang, Yuanshui and Lishui, the historical flow data of 1959-2016 at Xiangtan, Taojiang, Taoyuan and Shimen hydrological station were selected. The hydrologic characteristics and the mutation points of the four rivers were analyzed by Mann-Kendall method, cumulative anomaly test and sliding T test. Range of Variability Approach(RVA) and hydrologic change degree method were used to evaluate the change degree of hydrological indictors of the four rivers.The results show that the average annual flow of Xiangtan, Taojiang and Taoyuan station during 1959 to 2016 havs shown an increasing trend and the Shimen station has shown a decreasing trend. The abrupt junction of average annual flow at Xiangtan, Taojiang, Taoyuan and Shimen station is 1991, 1987, 1989 and 1973, respectively. The overall degree of hydrological alternation belongs to moderate and low alternation.The alternation degree of Xiangtan, Taojiang, Taoyuan and Shimen station was 36%, 22%, 35% and 42%,respectively. The research can provide the technical support for the hydrological regime assessment of the four river basins and the security of river ecosystem.
In order to analyze the hydrological regimes of Xiangjiang, Zijiang, Yuanshui and Lishui, the historical flow data of 1959-2016 at Xiangtan, Taojiang, Taoyuan and Shimen hydrological station were selected. The hydrologic characteristics and the mutation points of the four rivers were analyzed by Mann-Kendall method, cumulative anomaly test and sliding T test. Range of Variability Approach(RVA) and hydrologic change degree method were used to evaluate the change degree of hydrological indictors of the four rivers.The results show that the average annual flow of Xiangtan, Taojiang and Taoyuan station during 1959 to 2016 havs shown an increasing trend and the Shimen station has shown a decreasing trend. The abrupt junction of average annual flow at Xiangtan, Taojiang, Taoyuan and Shimen station is 1991, 1987, 1989 and 1973, respectively. The overall degree of hydrological alternation belongs to moderate and low alternation.The alternation degree of Xiangtan, Taojiang, Taoyuan and Shimen station was 36%, 22%, 35% and 42%,respectively. The research can provide the technical support for the hydrological regime assessment of the four river basins and the security of river ecosystem.
引文
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[3]郭文献,夏自强,王乾.丹江口水库对汉江中下游水文情势的影响[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(6):733-737.
[4]YANG Z F,YAN Y,LIU Q.Assessment of the flow regime alterations in the Lower Yellow River,China[J].Ecological Informatics,2012(10):56-64.
[5]ZHANG Q,XIAO M Z,LIU C L,et al.Reservoir-induced hydrological alterations and ecological instream flow in the East River,the Pearl River Basin,China[J].Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment,2014,28(8):2119-2131.
[6]KOEL T M,SPARKS R E.Historical patterns of river stage and fish communities as criteria for operations of dams on the Illinois River[J].River Research and Applications,2002,18(1):3-19.
[7]TAYLOR V,SCHULZE R,JEWITT G.Application of the indicators of hydrological alteration method to the Mkomazi River,KwaZulu-Natal,South Africa[J].African Journal of Aquatic Science,2003,28(1):1-11.
[8]SHIAU J T,WU F C.Feasible diversion and instream flow release using range of variability approach[J].Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management,2004,130(5):395-404.
[9]长江水利委员会.《洞庭湖区综合规划报告》通过审查[J].人民长江,2012(5):67-67.
[10]吕琳莉,李朝霞.雅鲁藏布江中下游径流变异性识别[J].水力发电,2013,39(5):13-15.
[11]李景保,罗中海,叶亚亚,等.三峡水库运行对长江荆南三口水文和生态的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(4):1285-1293.
[12]王随继,闫云霞,颜明,等.皇甫川流域降水和人类活动对径流量变化的贡献率分析[J].地理学报,2012,67(3):388-396.
[13]章诞武,丛振涛,倪广恒.基于中国气象资料的趋势检验方法对比分析[J].水科学进展,2013,24(4):490-496.
[14]薛联青,张卉,张洛晨,等.基于改进RVA法的水利工程对塔里木河生态水文情势影响评估[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(3):189-196.
[15]RICHTER B,BAUMGARTNER J,WIGINGTON R,et al.How much water does a river need?[J].Freshwater Biology,1997,37(1):231-249.
[16]张宗娇,张强,顾西辉,等.水文变异条件下的黄河干流生态径流特征及生态效应[J].自然资源学报,2016,31(12):2021-2033.
[17]姜刘志.三峡蓄水后长江中下游水文情势变化特征及其对鱼类的影响研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2014.
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