湘西地区猕猴桃细菌性溃疡病抗性资源筛选及其抗性机理研究
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摘要
由Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae(Psa)引起的溃疡病是猕猴桃生产中威胁最大的细菌性病害。种植抗病品种是防治猕猴桃溃疡病最有效途径,猕猴桃抗源是抗病育种的物质基础。本试验通过离体接种,在室内评价了4个不同种的7个猕猴桃资源及品种对溃疡病的抗性。结果表明:供试材料离体叶片、枝条接种溃疡病菌后,其发病时间、病斑大小、发病率差异明显。按病斑大小排序,其抗性强弱依次为毛花猕猴桃‘M9808’>对萼猕猴桃‘S9801’>美味猕猴桃‘M-06’>美味猕猴桃‘米良1号’>中华猕猴桃‘Z-12’>中华猕猴桃‘东红’>中华猕猴桃‘红阳’(CK)。其中,毛花猕猴桃‘M9808’抗病性最强,表现为发病最晚,离体叶片、枝条分别于接种后10 d、20 d发病,比对照推迟了8 d、10 d;病斑最小,为对照的1/25、1/11;发病率最低,为对照的1/28、1/10。抗病性相关酶活性比对发现,不同材料的PAL、CAT、POD酶活性差异较大,抗性材料均高于感病材料,且峰值出现时间早于感病材料。其中,毛花猕猴桃‘M9808’的PAL峰值最高,接种后5 d出现,比对照早10 d;CAT、POD峰值接种后10 d出现,比对照早5 d。说明毛花猕猴桃‘M9808’对溃疡病抗性最强,可作为今后猕猴桃抗病育种或抗性砧木的理想材料。这为猕猴桃抗病育种提供了理论依据,为猕猴桃溃疡病的防控提供了参考。
The bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae(Psa) is the most dangerous disease in the production of kiwifruit. Planting resistant varieties is the most effective way to control kiwifruit canker disease. In this study, we evaluated the resistance of seven kiwifruit resources and varieties by inoculation Psa in detached leaves and shoots. The results showed that the time of lesion appearance, lesion size, and incidence rate were significantly different in the tested materials. The tested kiwifruit resources and varieties were ranked according to the lesions size as follows: Actinidia eriantha ‘M9808'>A.valvata ‘S9801'>A.chinensis var. deliciosa ‘M-06'>A.chinensis var. deliciosa ‘Miliang 1'>A.chinensis ‘Z-12'>A.chinensis ‘Donghong'>A.chinensis ‘Hongyang'(CK). Among these resource varieties, A.eriantha ‘M9808' had the strongest resistance to Psa. The symptoms occurred on the 10 th and 20 th day after inoculation in detached leaves and shoot respectively, which was delayed by 8 days and 10 days compared with the CK. The lesions were 1/25 and 1/11 and the incidence rates were 1/28 and 1/10 the CK in detached leaves and shoots, respectively. Meanwhile, its enzyme activities of PAL, CAT, and POD were significantly higher in resistant materials than the susceptible materials. Among these tested materials, the PAL activities were the highest and reached the maximum value at 5 days after inoculation in A.eriantha ‘M9808', 10 days ahead of the CK, and the peak of CAT and POD activities appeared at 10 days after inoculation, 5 days ahead of the CK. Therefore, A.eriantha ‘M9808' can be used as an ideal material for resistance breeding or resistant rootstock of kiwifruit.
The bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae(Psa) is the most dangerous disease in the production of kiwifruit. Planting resistant varieties is the most effective way to control kiwifruit canker disease. In this study, we evaluated the resistance of seven kiwifruit resources and varieties by inoculation Psa in detached leaves and shoots. The results showed that the time of lesion appearance, lesion size, and incidence rate were significantly different in the tested materials. The tested kiwifruit resources and varieties were ranked according to the lesions size as follows: Actinidia eriantha ‘M9808'>A.valvata ‘S9801'>A.chinensis var. deliciosa ‘M-06'>A.chinensis var. deliciosa ‘Miliang 1'>A.chinensis ‘Z-12'>A.chinensis ‘Donghong'>A.chinensis ‘Hongyang'(CK). Among these resource varieties, A.eriantha ‘M9808' had the strongest resistance to Psa. The symptoms occurred on the 10 th and 20 th day after inoculation in detached leaves and shoot respectively, which was delayed by 8 days and 10 days compared with the CK. The lesions were 1/25 and 1/11 and the incidence rates were 1/28 and 1/10 the CK in detached leaves and shoots, respectively. Meanwhile, its enzyme activities of PAL, CAT, and POD were significantly higher in resistant materials than the susceptible materials. Among these tested materials, the PAL activities were the highest and reached the maximum value at 5 days after inoculation in A.eriantha ‘M9808', 10 days ahead of the CK, and the peak of CAT and POD activities appeared at 10 days after inoculation, 5 days ahead of the CK. Therefore, A.eriantha ‘M9808' can be used as an ideal material for resistance breeding or resistant rootstock of kiwifruit.
引文
[1] SERIZAWA S,ICHIKAWA T,TAKIKAWA Y,et al.Occurence of bacterial canker of kiwifruit in Japan:description of symptoms,isolation of the pathogen and screening of bactericides [J].Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan,1989,55(4):427-436.
[2] FERRANTE P,SCORTICHINI M.Identfication of Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae as causal agent of bacterial of yellow kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis Planchon) in central Italy[J].Journal of Phytopathology,2009,157:768-770.
[3] VANNESTE J,POLIAKOFF F,AUDUSSEAU C,et al.First report of Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae,the causal agent of bacterial canker of kiwifruit in France [J].Plant Disease,2011,95(10):1311.
[4] EVERETT K R.Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae and other pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae[J].Australasian Plant Disease Notes,2011,6(1):61-67.
[5] 方炎祖,朱晓湘,王宇道,等.湖南猕猴桃病害调查研究初报[J].四川果树科技,1990(1):28-29.
[6] 林文力,罗赛男,肖伏莲.湘西自治州猕猴桃溃疡病发生情况及防治措施探讨[J].湖南农业科学,2015(5):42-44.
[7] 胡黎华,杨灿芳,熊伟,等.重庆猕猴桃溃疡病发生情况及影响因素调查[J].中国南方果树,2018,47(3):151-152.
[8] 马利,尹勇,封传红,等.四川省猕猴桃溃疡病发生现状及绿色防控技术体系的建立[J].中国植保导刊2017,37(11):80-83.
[9] 李淼,檀根甲,李瑶,等.不同猕猴桃品种对细菌性溃疡病的抗病性及其聚类分析[J].植物保护,2004,30(5):51-54.
[10] 申哲,黄丽丽,康振生.陕西关中地区猕猴桃溃疡病调查初报[J].西北农业学报,2009,18(1):191-193.
[11] 张慧琴,李和孟,冯健君,等.浙江省猕猴桃溃疡病发病现状调查及影响因子分析[J].浙江农业学报,2013,25(4):832-835.
[12] VAN LOON L C.Induced resistance in plants and the role of pathogenesis-related proteins[J].European Journal of Plant Pathology,1997,103:753-765.
[13] 李庚飞.猕猴桃体内酚含量保护酶活性与抗溃疡病关系的初步研究[J].福建林业科技,2009,36(4):131-134.
[14] 李淼.猕猴桃品种对细菌性溃疡病的抗性机制[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2003.
[15] 石志军,张慧琴,肖金平,等.不同猕猴桃品种对溃疡病抗性的评价[J].浙江农业学报,2014,26(3):752-759.
[16] 易盼盼.不同猕猴桃品种溃疡病抗性鉴定及抗性相关酶研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2014.
[17] 王仁才,熊兴耀,庞立.湖南猕猴桃产业发展的问题及建议[J].湖南农业科学,2015(15):124-127.
[18] 黄其玲,高小宁,赵志博,等.GFPuv标记猕猴桃溃疡病菌的生物学特性及其在土壤、根系中的定殖[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(2):282-291.
[19] ZHAO Zhibo,GAO Xiaoning,HUANG Qiling,et al.Identification and characterization of the causal agent of bacterial canker of kiwifruit in the Shaanxi Province of China [J].Plant Pathology,2013,95:155-162.
[20] GIVEN N K,VENIS N A,GRIERSON D.Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity and anthocyanin synthesis in ripening strawberry fruit [J].Journal of Plant Physiology,1988,133:25-30.
[21] 孙红梅,李天来,李云飞.低温解除休眠过程中兰州百合鳞茎酚类物质含量及相关酶活性变化[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(11):1777-1782.
[22] 董汉松.植物诱导抗病性原理和研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1995.
[23] 李合生,孙群,赵世杰,等.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[24] 郝再斌,苍晶,徐仲.植物生理实验技术[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2002.
[25] SETSUO SERIZAWA,赵宝权.日本猕猴桃溃疡病的症状、病原和防治药剂[J].国外农学.植物保护,1992(1):11-13.
[26] 阳廷密,王明召,张素英,等.猕猴桃溃疡病防治药剂药效评价[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(7):1231-1236.
[27] 秦虎强,赵志博,高小宁,等.四种杀菌剂防治猕猴桃溃疡病的效果及田间应用技术[J].植物保护学报,2016,43(2):321-328.
[28] 张慧琴,毛雪琴,肖金平,等.猕猴桃溃疡病病原菌分子鉴定与抗性材料初选[J].核农学报,2014,28(7):1181-1187.
[29] 刘娟.猕猴桃溃疡病抗性材料评价及其亲缘关系的ISSR聚类分析[D].成都:四川农业大学,2015.
[30] 陈一星.对湘西地区猕猴桃资源的调查[J].生物学杂志,2004,21(1):38-39.
[2] FERRANTE P,SCORTICHINI M.Identfication of Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae as causal agent of bacterial of yellow kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis Planchon) in central Italy[J].Journal of Phytopathology,2009,157:768-770.
[3] VANNESTE J,POLIAKOFF F,AUDUSSEAU C,et al.First report of Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae,the causal agent of bacterial canker of kiwifruit in France [J].Plant Disease,2011,95(10):1311.
[4] EVERETT K R.Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae and other pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae[J].Australasian Plant Disease Notes,2011,6(1):61-67.
[5] 方炎祖,朱晓湘,王宇道,等.湖南猕猴桃病害调查研究初报[J].四川果树科技,1990(1):28-29.
[6] 林文力,罗赛男,肖伏莲.湘西自治州猕猴桃溃疡病发生情况及防治措施探讨[J].湖南农业科学,2015(5):42-44.
[7] 胡黎华,杨灿芳,熊伟,等.重庆猕猴桃溃疡病发生情况及影响因素调查[J].中国南方果树,2018,47(3):151-152.
[8] 马利,尹勇,封传红,等.四川省猕猴桃溃疡病发生现状及绿色防控技术体系的建立[J].中国植保导刊2017,37(11):80-83.
[9] 李淼,檀根甲,李瑶,等.不同猕猴桃品种对细菌性溃疡病的抗病性及其聚类分析[J].植物保护,2004,30(5):51-54.
[10] 申哲,黄丽丽,康振生.陕西关中地区猕猴桃溃疡病调查初报[J].西北农业学报,2009,18(1):191-193.
[11] 张慧琴,李和孟,冯健君,等.浙江省猕猴桃溃疡病发病现状调查及影响因子分析[J].浙江农业学报,2013,25(4):832-835.
[12] VAN LOON L C.Induced resistance in plants and the role of pathogenesis-related proteins[J].European Journal of Plant Pathology,1997,103:753-765.
[13] 李庚飞.猕猴桃体内酚含量保护酶活性与抗溃疡病关系的初步研究[J].福建林业科技,2009,36(4):131-134.
[14] 李淼.猕猴桃品种对细菌性溃疡病的抗性机制[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2003.
[15] 石志军,张慧琴,肖金平,等.不同猕猴桃品种对溃疡病抗性的评价[J].浙江农业学报,2014,26(3):752-759.
[16] 易盼盼.不同猕猴桃品种溃疡病抗性鉴定及抗性相关酶研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2014.
[17] 王仁才,熊兴耀,庞立.湖南猕猴桃产业发展的问题及建议[J].湖南农业科学,2015(15):124-127.
[18] 黄其玲,高小宁,赵志博,等.GFPuv标记猕猴桃溃疡病菌的生物学特性及其在土壤、根系中的定殖[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(2):282-291.
[19] ZHAO Zhibo,GAO Xiaoning,HUANG Qiling,et al.Identification and characterization of the causal agent of bacterial canker of kiwifruit in the Shaanxi Province of China [J].Plant Pathology,2013,95:155-162.
[20] GIVEN N K,VENIS N A,GRIERSON D.Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity and anthocyanin synthesis in ripening strawberry fruit [J].Journal of Plant Physiology,1988,133:25-30.
[21] 孙红梅,李天来,李云飞.低温解除休眠过程中兰州百合鳞茎酚类物质含量及相关酶活性变化[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(11):1777-1782.
[22] 董汉松.植物诱导抗病性原理和研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1995.
[23] 李合生,孙群,赵世杰,等.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[24] 郝再斌,苍晶,徐仲.植物生理实验技术[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2002.
[25] SETSUO SERIZAWA,赵宝权.日本猕猴桃溃疡病的症状、病原和防治药剂[J].国外农学.植物保护,1992(1):11-13.
[26] 阳廷密,王明召,张素英,等.猕猴桃溃疡病防治药剂药效评价[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(7):1231-1236.
[27] 秦虎强,赵志博,高小宁,等.四种杀菌剂防治猕猴桃溃疡病的效果及田间应用技术[J].植物保护学报,2016,43(2):321-328.
[28] 张慧琴,毛雪琴,肖金平,等.猕猴桃溃疡病病原菌分子鉴定与抗性材料初选[J].核农学报,2014,28(7):1181-1187.
[29] 刘娟.猕猴桃溃疡病抗性材料评价及其亲缘关系的ISSR聚类分析[D].成都:四川农业大学,2015.
[30] 陈一星.对湘西地区猕猴桃资源的调查[J].生物学杂志,2004,21(1):38-39.
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