政府财政调控对WEEE回收商和生产商最优决策的影响
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摘要
针对废弃电器电子产品(WEEE)回收处理问题,从利润最大化视角构建生产商和回收商的最优决策模型,探讨政府财政调控对两类企业决策行为的影响及其对WEEE规范处理的作用。研究中假定生产商可以采用两种方案生产产品,一是生产全新产品,不采用任何回收的零部件;二是生产商优先采用回收零部件生产产品,不足部分将购买新零部件。研究结果表明,生产商和回收商在推进WEEE的回收处理业务中存在合作条件,当回收零部件的价格在上下限范围时,双方具有合作意愿,而政府则可以通过财政调控措施增强双方的合作空间,引导双方在WEEE的规范处理和循环再利用中付出共同努力。
To investigate waste electrical and electronic products(WEEE) recycling,the optimal decision models of manufacturer and recycler are constructed from the perspective of profit maximization.The cooperative conditions between manufacturer and recycler as well as the influence of government intervention are discussed.It is hypothesized that manufacturer has two choices in production:they can produce products by using new parts or by using recycled parts in priority.The results show that there are cooperation conditions between manufacturer and recycler in promoting WEEE recycling.When the price of recycled parts is within the upper and lower limits,manufacturer and recycler have motivation to cooperate.Moreover,the government can inspire their cooperation by financial intervention,and guide manufacturer and recycler to make joint efforts in contributing WEEE recycling.
To investigate waste electrical and electronic products(WEEE) recycling,the optimal decision models of manufacturer and recycler are constructed from the perspective of profit maximization.The cooperative conditions between manufacturer and recycler as well as the influence of government intervention are discussed.It is hypothesized that manufacturer has two choices in production:they can produce products by using new parts or by using recycled parts in priority.The results show that there are cooperation conditions between manufacturer and recycler in promoting WEEE recycling.When the price of recycled parts is within the upper and lower limits,manufacturer and recycler have motivation to cooperate.Moreover,the government can inspire their cooperation by financial intervention,and guide manufacturer and recycler to make joint efforts in contributing WEEE recycling.
引文
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[18] 中华人民共和国财政部,中华人民共和国环境保护部,中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会,中华人民共和国工业和信息化部.《废弃电器电子产品处理基金补贴标准》[EB/OL].2015年第91号,http://www.gzhjbh.gov.cn/hjgl/gfgl/fqdqdzcpclqyqk/753118.shtml.
[19] 唐爱军,万玲.废弃家电成本和补贴水平研究[J].中国科技投资,2010 (6):58-60.
[20] 朱庆华,冯云婷,田一辉.基于投入产出法的中国再制造产业经济影响分析[J].中国软科学,2014,6:34-43.
[2] 中国家用电器研究院.中国废弃电器电子产品回收处理及综合利用行业白皮书2016[R],北京:中国家用电器研究院,2017.
[3] 中国政府网.中华人民共和国国务院令(第551号)废弃电器电子产品回收处理管理条例[EB/OL].(2009-02-25)[2018-5-1]http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2009/content_1257453.htm.
[4] Salhofer S,Steuer B,Ramusch R,et al.WEEE management in Europe and China-A comparison[J].Waste Management,2016,11(57):27-35.
[5] Li Y,Xu F,Zhao X.Governance mechanisms of dual-channel reverse supply chains with informal collection channel[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,155 (2):125-140.
[6] Liu H,Lei M,Deng H,et al.A dual channel,quality-based price competition model for the WEEE recycling market with government subsidy[J].Omega,2016,59:290-302.
[7] 刘慧慧,黄涛,雷明.废旧电器电子产品双渠道回收模型及政府补贴作用研究[J].中国管理科学,2013,2(21):123-131.
[8] 刘慧慧,黄涛,雷明.家电以旧换新政策中废旧电子产品回收效果与改进体系[J].经济管理,2012,34(11):103-112.
[9] 余福茂,钟永光,沈祖志.考虑政府引导激励的电子废弃物回收处理决策模型研究[J].中国管理科学,2014,22(5):131-137.
[10] Wang J,Wang Y,Liu J,et al.Effects of fund policy incorporating Extended Producer Responsibility for WEEE dismantling industry in China[J].Resources,Conservation & Recycling,2018,3(130):44-50.
[11] Liu Z,Tang J,Li B,et al.Trade-off between remanufacturing and recycling of WEEE and the environmental implication under the Chinese Fund Policy[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,167:97-109.
[12] 穆艳芬.WEEE回收处理基金和补贴的影响分析[J].生态经济,2015,31(3):107-111.
[13] 马祖军,胡书,代颖.政府规制下混合渠道销售/回收的电器电子产品闭环供应链决策[J].中国管理科学,2016,24(1):82-90.
[14] 废弃电器电子产品处理基金征收使用管理办法[EB/OL].(2012-05-30)[2018-5-1]http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2012-05/30/content_2149195.htm.
[15] 中国产业信息.《2018年中国家用电冰箱产销量统计及增速分析》[EB/OL].(2018-7-14)[2018-8-6]http://www.chyxx.com/industry/201807/658714.html.
[16] 中国产业信息.《2018年我国白电行业销量增长及价格走势分析》[EB/OL].(2018-6-5)[2018-8-6]http://www.chyxx.com/industry/201806/646801.html.
[17] 舒勋.制冷类家电产品易拆解设计方法及系统开发研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2014:21-21.
[18] 中华人民共和国财政部,中华人民共和国环境保护部,中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会,中华人民共和国工业和信息化部.《废弃电器电子产品处理基金补贴标准》[EB/OL].2015年第91号,http://www.gzhjbh.gov.cn/hjgl/gfgl/fqdqdzcpclqyqk/753118.shtml.
[19] 唐爱军,万玲.废弃家电成本和补贴水平研究[J].中国科技投资,2010 (6):58-60.
[20] 朱庆华,冯云婷,田一辉.基于投入产出法的中国再制造产业经济影响分析[J].中国软科学,2014,6:34-43.
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