通用航空飞行计划评估方法综述
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摘要
通航飞行计划是飞行前制定的任务信息,对飞行计划的评估可以在提高飞行安全性的同时,预计任务的执行情况,帮助决策者审视飞行任务的各个方面。根据评估内容的适用范围和重要程度,首先综述面向所有通航飞行计划安全性和飞行成本的一般性评估方法,其中定性评估主要依据专家的主观判断,而定量评估则利用各项指标特有的公式进行计算,评估其是否在要求范围内,然后通过分析通航飞行在实际应用中的特殊需求对通航任务进行分类,最终比较分析各类通航飞行计划评估方法的特点与局限性,对通航飞行计划评估方法进行系统性梳理。
The general aviation flight plan is mission information created before the flight. The evaluation of flight plan could not only improve flight safety, predict the execution quality of the mission, but also help the decision-makers examine every aspect of the flight mission. According to the application scope and importance of the evaluation content, the general methods for evaluating the flight safety and flight cost of all general aviation flight plans were reviewed. The qualitative evaluation was based on subjective judgment of the experts, while the quantitative evaluation was calculated with the specific formula which could be used to evaluate whether the particular parameters were in the required range. Then, the general aviation was classified by the special requirement in practical operation. Finally, the characteristic and limitation of evaluation methods of various general aviation flight plans were compared and analyzed, and the evaluation methods of general aviation flight plan were systematically described.
The general aviation flight plan is mission information created before the flight. The evaluation of flight plan could not only improve flight safety, predict the execution quality of the mission, but also help the decision-makers examine every aspect of the flight mission. According to the application scope and importance of the evaluation content, the general methods for evaluating the flight safety and flight cost of all general aviation flight plans were reviewed. The qualitative evaluation was based on subjective judgment of the experts, while the quantitative evaluation was calculated with the specific formula which could be used to evaluate whether the particular parameters were in the required range. Then, the general aviation was classified by the special requirement in practical operation. Finally, the characteristic and limitation of evaluation methods of various general aviation flight plans were compared and analyzed, and the evaluation methods of general aviation flight plan were systematically described.
引文
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[4] Theodore C,Celi R.Helicopter flight dynamic simulation with refined aerodynamics and flexible blade modeling[J].Journal of Aircraft,2012,39(4):577-586.
[5] Teske M E,Thistle H W,Schou W C,et al.A review of computer models for pesticide deposition prediction[J].Transactions of the ASABE,2011,54(3):789- 801.
[6] 吴仁彪,马亚冰,王晓亮.通航飞行计划评估系统设计与实现[J].中国民航大学学报,2016,34(6):1-5.Wu Renbiao,Ma Yabing,Wang Xiaoliang.Design and implementation of flight plan evaluation system for general aviation[J].Journal of Civil Aviation University of China,2016,34(6):1-5.(in Chinese)
[7] 马亚冰.通用航空飞行计划评估技术及实现方法研究[D].天津:中国民航大学,2016.Ma Yabing.Research on flight plan evaluation technique and its implementation for General Aviation[D].Tianjin:Civil Aviation University of China,2016.(in Chinese)
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[9] Sadovsky A V,Bilimoria K D.Risk-hedged approach for re-routing air traffic under weather uncertainty[C]//16th AIAA Aviation Technology,Integration,and Operations Conference.Washington,D.C:AIAA,2016:3601-3619.
[10] Wu Zhenlong,Cao Yihua.Numerical simulation of airfoil aerodynamic performance under the coupling effects of heavy rain and ice accretion[J].Advances in Mechanical Engineering,2016,8(10):1-9.
[11] Wu Zhenlong,Cao Yihua.Numerical simulation of flow over an airfoil in heavy rain via a two-way coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian approach[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,2015,69:81-92.
[12] Cao Yihua,Wu Zhenlong,Su Yuan,et al.Aircraft flight characteristics in icing conditions[J].Progress in Aerospace Sciences,2015,74(4):62- 80.
[13] Pokhariyal D,Bragg M,Hutchison T,et al.Aircraft flight dynamics with simulated ice accretion[C]//39th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit.Reno:AIAA,2001:541-558.
[14] Ahmadi A,Soderholm P.Assessment of operational consequences of aircraft failures:Using event tree analysis[C]//Aerospace Conference.Montana:IEEE,2008:1-14.
[15] Ding Songbin,Ru Yi.Flight risk assessment to airlines using Bayesian belief networks and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation[C]//IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management.Singapore:IEEE,2009:1280-1284.
[16] 孙瑞山,马雅洁.基于比较安全学方法的安全体系对比研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(11):19-24.Sun Ruishan,Ma Yajie.Comparative study on two safety systems based on comparative safety method[J].China Safety Science Journal,2016,26(11):19-24.(in Chinese)
[17] 教亚飞,李彦鹏,张荣文.利用模糊综合评判进行雷达目标参数估计算法的性能评估[J].信号处理,2015,31(10):1373-1377.Jiao Yafei,Li Yanpeng,Zhang Rongwen.Performance evaluation for parameter estimation with the application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation[J].Journal of Signal Processing,2015,31(10):1373-1377.(in Chinese)
[18] Chen Chuenjyh,Yang Shihming,Chang Shihchuan.A model integrating fuzzy AHP with QFD for assessing technical factors in aviation safety[J].International Journal of Machine Learning & Cybernetics,2014,5(5):761-774.
[19] 文军.航空公司安全系统风险的模糊综合评价研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2010,6(1):44- 48.Wen Jun.Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of risk in airline safety system[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2010,6(1):44- 48.(in Chinese)
[20] 文军.基于灰色多层次的航空公司飞行安全评价研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2010,20(2):29-34.Wen Jun.Airline flight safety risk assessment based on grey hierarchy method[J].China Safety Science Journal,2010,20(2):29-34.(in Chinese)
[21] 丁松滨,石荣,施和平.基于证据理论的航空公司安全系统风险评价[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2007,7(2):77- 82.Ding Songbin,Shi Rong,Shi Heping.Airline safety system risk assessment based on evidence theory[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2007,7(2):77- 82.(in Chinese)
[22] 陈治怀,谷润平,刘俊杰.飞机性能工程[M].北京:兵器工业出版社,2006:35- 45.Chen Zhihuai,Gu Runping,Liu Junjie.Aircraft performance engineering[M].Beijing:Weaponry Industry Press,2006:35- 45.(in Chinese)
[23] Argyle M E,Beard R W.Nonlinear total energy control for the longitudinal dynamics of an aircraft[C]//American Control Conference(ACC),2016.Boston:IEEE,2016:6741- 6746.
[24] Pan Zhen,Chi Chengzhi,Zhang Jingkai.A model of fuel consumption estimation and abnormality detection based on airplane flight data analysis[C]//2018 IEEE/AIAA 37th Digital Avionics Systems Conference(DASC).London:IEEE,2018:1- 6.
[25] Eric S.Interagency helicopter operations guide[EB/OL].https://www.nwcg.gov/committees/interagency-helicopter-operations-guide-unit,2018- 05- 03/2018-12-20.
[26] 吕人力,于一,贺安华.中国通用航空产业蓝皮书[M].北京:中国民航出版社,2013:1-20.Lv Renli,Yv Yi,He Anhua.China general aviation industry blue book[M].Beijing:China Civil Aviation Press,2013:1-20.(in Chinese)
[27] 中国民用航空局.通用航空经营许可管理规定[EB/OL].http://www.caac.gov.cn/XXGK/XXGK/MHGZ/201605/t20160530_37621.html,2016- 04- 07/2018-12-20.Civil Aviation Administration of China.General aviation management licensing regulations[EB/OL].http://www.caac.gov.cn/XXGK/XXGK/MHGZ/201605/t20160530_37621.html,2016- 04- 07/2018-12-20.(in Chinese)
[28] 韩玲,李斌,顾俊凯,等.航空与航天摄影技术[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2008:15-22.Han Ling,Li Bin,Gu Junkai,et al.Aeronautical and aerospace photography[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2008:15-22.(in Chinese)
[29] 徐豪,丁晓东,韩凝,等.旋翼无人机遥感图像几何纠正的初步研究[J].浙江农业学报,2009,21(1):63- 65.Xu Hao,Ding Xiaodong,Han Ning,et al.Primary study on geometric correction of remote sensing image from unmanned gyroplane[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2009,21(1):63- 65.(in Chinese)
[30] 李焱.无人机遥感摄影图像处理[D].上海:华东师范大学,2009.Li Yan.Image processing of unmanned helicopter remote sensing[D].Shanghai:East China Normal University,2009.(in Chinese)
[31] 孙星,刘清惓,戴伟,等.探空温度传感器的太阳辐射误差修正方法研究[J].仪表技术与传感器,2018(11):118-122.Sun Xing,Liu Qingquan,Dai Wei,et al.Research on solar radiation error correction method of sounding temperature sensor[J].Instrument Technique and Sensor,2018(11):118-122.(in Chinese)
[32] 沈怀荣,邵琼玲,王盛军,等.无人机气象探测技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2010:136-139.Shen Huairong,Shao Qiongling,Wang Shengjun,et al.Unmanned aerial vehicle meteorological detection technology[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2010:136-139.(in Chinese)
[33] 联合国粮食及农业组织.航空施用农药的正确操作准则[J].农业技术与装备,2014(5):41-52.Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.Correct operating criteria for pesticide application[J].Agricultural Technology and Equipment,2014(5):41-52.(in Chinese)
[34] Camacho A,Mejia D.The health consequences of aerial spraying illicit crops:The case of Colombia[J].Journal of Health Economics,2017,54:147-160.
[35] Hoffmann W C,Fritz B K,Farooq M,et al.Evaluation of aerial spray technologies for adult mosquito control applications[J].Journal of Plant Protection Research,2013,53(3):222-229.
[36] Nsibande S A,Dabrowski J M,Van der Walt E,et al.Validation of the AGDISP model for predicting airborne atrazine spray drift:A South African ground application case study[J].Chemosphere,2015,138:454- 461.
[37] 曲昕馨,李桐林,王飞.直升机吊舱姿态变化对电磁场测量的影响规律及其校正方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2014,57(4):1310-1321.Qu Xinxin,Li Tonglin,Wang Fei.A study on the effect of bird’s attitude on helicopter EM data and the correction method[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2014,57(4):1310-1321.(in Chinese)
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