不同纬度毛竹物理力学性质的比较研究
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摘要
【目的】本研究旨在探讨分布在不同亚热带种源地区毛竹物理力学性质的变异规律。【方法】研究采用基于R语言的单因素方差分析、主成分分析等方法,对3个地区210株毛竹的物理性质和力学性质等8个相关指标(体积全干干缩率、体积气干干缩率、含水率、全干密度、气干密度、微纤丝角、抗弯强度和弹性模量)进行遗传变异分析。【结果】通过比较分析发现毛竹的物理力学性质在3个不同纬度地区间存在显著差异,这种差异可能是受遗传因素、环境因素等共同控制。体积干缩率、密度、微纤丝角和抗弯相关指标均以低纬度广西灌阳地区最大;只有含水率的分布规律为浙江安吉>安徽霍山>广西灌阳。从变异系数来看,3个地区间的物理力学性质在群体间和群体内的变异程度没有呈现明显的趋势和规律。主成分分析得出抗弯相关指标、体积干缩率和含水率均不同程度地代表了所调查性状中主要的物理力学性质。【结论】3个地区中,广西灌阳地区的竹材具有高强度和高密度等特点,更适合作为工程用材进行加工利用。研究成果不仅可深入了解不同纬度地区毛竹物理力学性质的特征,还可以发展适地适材伐竹,为合理利用我国全分布区的毛竹资源提供理论依据。
[Objective] The purpose of this study was to investigate the variation of physical mechanic properties of Phyllostachys edulis distributed in different subtropical provenance regions. [Method] Three natural populations of Moso bamboo were obtained distributing in Anhui, Guangxi, and Zhejiang provinces,8 physical mechanic properties were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and principal component analysis based on R language. [Result] The physical mechanic properties of Moso bamboo were significantly different from 3 populations, the peaks of shrink, moisture content, micro fibril angle and bending strength were all from Guangxi Zhuang Autnomus Region. The variable coefficient of these traits did not show obvious trend and regulation. PCA analysis showed that bending strength, modulus of elasticity, oven-dried volume shrinking ratio, air-dried volume shrinking ratio, and moisture content were the most dominant properties in the 8 physical mechanic properties. [Conclusion] Overall consideration, the Moso bamboo from Guangxi Zhuang Autnomus Region was characterized by high strength and high density during these 3 provinces, it is more suitable for processing and utilization as engineering materials. The research results will provide the theoretical basis for excavating excellent species of Moso bamboo in different geographical environments and rationally utilizing the bamboo resources in China's entire distribution latitude.
[Objective] The purpose of this study was to investigate the variation of physical mechanic properties of Phyllostachys edulis distributed in different subtropical provenance regions. [Method] Three natural populations of Moso bamboo were obtained distributing in Anhui, Guangxi, and Zhejiang provinces,8 physical mechanic properties were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and principal component analysis based on R language. [Result] The physical mechanic properties of Moso bamboo were significantly different from 3 populations, the peaks of shrink, moisture content, micro fibril angle and bending strength were all from Guangxi Zhuang Autnomus Region. The variable coefficient of these traits did not show obvious trend and regulation. PCA analysis showed that bending strength, modulus of elasticity, oven-dried volume shrinking ratio, air-dried volume shrinking ratio, and moisture content were the most dominant properties in the 8 physical mechanic properties. [Conclusion] Overall consideration, the Moso bamboo from Guangxi Zhuang Autnomus Region was characterized by high strength and high density during these 3 provinces, it is more suitable for processing and utilization as engineering materials. The research results will provide the theoretical basis for excavating excellent species of Moso bamboo in different geographical environments and rationally utilizing the bamboo resources in China's entire distribution latitude.
引文
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[10]李光荣,辜忠春,李军章.毛竹竹材物理力学性能研究[J].湖北林业科技,2014,43(5):44-49.Li G R,Gu Z C,Li J Z,et al.Study on physical and mechanical performance of Phyllostachy pubescens[J].Hubei Forestry Science and Technology,2014,43(5):44-49.
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[14]阮晓赛,林新春,娄永峰,等.毛竹种源遗传多样性的AFLP和ISSR分析[J].浙江林业科技,2008,28(2):29-33.Ruan X S,Lin X C,Lou Y F,et al.Genetic diversity of Phyllostachys heterocycla var.pubescens provenances by AFLPand ISSR[J].Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology,2008,28(2):29-33.
[15]Kamruzzaman M,Saha S,Bose A K,et al.Effects of age and height on physical and mechanical properties of bamboo[J].Journal of Tropical Forest Science,2008,20(3):211-217.
[16]Cave I D.Theory of X-ray measurement of microfibril angle in wood[J].Wood Science and Technology,1997,31(4):225-234.
[17]Tran V H.Growth and quality of indigenous bamboo species in the mountainous regions of northern Vietnam[D].G?ttingen Germany:Georg-August-Universit?t G?ttingen,2010.
[18]Zhang Y M,Yu Y L,Yu W J.Effect of thermal treatment on the physical and mechanical properties of Phyllostachys pubescen bamboo[J].European Journal of Wood and Wood Products,2013,71(1):61-67.
[19]刘一星,赵广杰.木质资源材料学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2004.Liu Y X,Zhao G J.Wood resource materials science[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,2004.
[20]张宏健,杜凡,张福兴.云南4种典型材用丛生竹宏观解剖结构与主要物理力学性质的关系[J].林业科学,1999,35(4):66-70.Zhang H J,Du F,Zhang F X.Relationships between the textures and main physical and mechanical properties of four typical thickgrowing structural bamboos in Yunnan[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,1999,35(4):66-70.
[21]Lee A W C,Bai X S,Peralta P N.Selected physical and mechanical properties of giant timber bamboo grown in South Carolina[J].Forest Products Journal,1994,44(9):40-46.
[22]Chuang K F,Yu W K.Mechanical properties of structural bamboo for bamboo scaffolding[J].Engineering Structures,2002,24:429-442.
[23]刘亚迪,桂仁意,俞友明,等.毛竹不同种源竹材物理力学性质初步研究[J].竹子研究汇刊,2008,27(1):50-56.Liu Y D,Gui R Y,Yu Y M,et al.A premilinary study on the physical and mechanical properties of different provenances of Moso bamboo[J].Journal of Bamboo Research,2008,27(1):50-56.
[24]Walter L.Advances in bamboo research[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition),2001,25(4):1-6.
[25]Senft J F,Bendtsen B A.Measuring microfibrillar angles using light microscopy[J].Wood Fiber Science,1985,17(4):564-567.
[26]俞友明,方伟,杨云芳,等.不同立地条件红壳竹竹材物理力学性质的比较[J].浙江林学院学报,2001,18(4):380-383.Yu Y M,Fang W,Yang Y F,et al.Comparative study on physico-mechanical properties of Phyllostachys iridenscens wood under different sites[J].Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College,2001,18(4):380-383.
[27]王福军,赵开军.基因组编辑技术应用于作物遗传改良的进展与挑战[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(1):1-16.Wang F J,Zhao K J.Progress and challenge of crop genetic improvement via genome editing[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2018,51(1):1-16.
[2]叶松涛,杜旭华,宋帅杰,等.水杨酸对干旱胁迫下毛竹实生苗生理生化特征的影响[J].林业科学,2015,51(11):25-31.Ye S T,Du X H,Song S J,et al.Effect of salicylic acid on physiological and biochemical characteristics of Phyllostachys edulis seedlings under drought stress[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2015,51(11):25-31.
[3]Sattar M A,Kabir M F,Bhattacharjee D K.Effect of age and height positions of muli(Melocanna baccifera)and borak(Bambusa balcooa)bamboos on their physical and mechanical properties[J].Bangladesh Journal of Forest Science,1990,19(1):29-37.
[4]江泽慧,姜笑梅.木材结构与其品质特性的相关性[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:195-198.Jiang Z H,Jiang X M.Correlation between wood structure and its quality characteristics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2008:195-198.
[5]江泽慧.中国林业工程[M].济南:济南出版社,2002:325-329.Jiang Z H.Chinese forestry engineering[M].Jinan:Publishing House of Jinan,2002:325-329.
[6]Dirtger G,Walter L.On the anatomy of asian bamboos,with special refererce to their vascular bundles[J].Wood Science and Technology,1971,5(4):290-312.
[7]Mansur A.Analysis of calcutta bamboo for structural composite materials:dissertation for the degree of doctor of philosophy[C].Blacksburg,Virginia:Wood Science and Forest Products.2000.
[8]林金国,黄宗安,邱晓东,等.石竹材材质变异规律的研究[J].竹子研究汇刊,2002,21(1):65-68.Lin J G,Huang Z A,Qiu X D,et al.Study on the variation law of the quality of Phyllostachys nuda timber[J].Journal of Bamboo Research,2002,21(1):65-68.
[9]林金国,赖根明,郑国丰,等.方竹材基本密度和干缩性变异规律的研究[J].西北林学院学报,2004,19(2):112-115.Lin J G,Lai G M,Zheng G F,et al.Variation law of basic density and shrinkage of Chimonobambusa quadrangularis[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry College,2004,19(2):112-115.
[10]李光荣,辜忠春,李军章.毛竹竹材物理力学性能研究[J].湖北林业科技,2014,43(5):44-49.Li G R,Gu Z C,Li J Z,et al.Study on physical and mechanical performance of Phyllostachy pubescens[J].Hubei Forestry Science and Technology,2014,43(5):44-49.
[11]孙宁,张立彬.竹子的力学特性[J].力学与实践,1997,19(3):77-79.Sun N,Zhang L B.The mechanical properties of bamboo[J].Mechanics and Practice,1997,19(3):77-79.
[12]周芳纯.竹材培育和利用[D].南京:南京林业大学,1998.Zhou F C.Bamboo cultivation and utilization[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University,1998.
[13]高珊珊.四种大径丛生竹秆形结构及物理力学性质研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2010.Gao S S.Study on culm-form structure and physical and mechanical properties of four kinds of big sympodial bamboo[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University,2010.
[14]阮晓赛,林新春,娄永峰,等.毛竹种源遗传多样性的AFLP和ISSR分析[J].浙江林业科技,2008,28(2):29-33.Ruan X S,Lin X C,Lou Y F,et al.Genetic diversity of Phyllostachys heterocycla var.pubescens provenances by AFLPand ISSR[J].Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology,2008,28(2):29-33.
[15]Kamruzzaman M,Saha S,Bose A K,et al.Effects of age and height on physical and mechanical properties of bamboo[J].Journal of Tropical Forest Science,2008,20(3):211-217.
[16]Cave I D.Theory of X-ray measurement of microfibril angle in wood[J].Wood Science and Technology,1997,31(4):225-234.
[17]Tran V H.Growth and quality of indigenous bamboo species in the mountainous regions of northern Vietnam[D].G?ttingen Germany:Georg-August-Universit?t G?ttingen,2010.
[18]Zhang Y M,Yu Y L,Yu W J.Effect of thermal treatment on the physical and mechanical properties of Phyllostachys pubescen bamboo[J].European Journal of Wood and Wood Products,2013,71(1):61-67.
[19]刘一星,赵广杰.木质资源材料学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2004.Liu Y X,Zhao G J.Wood resource materials science[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,2004.
[20]张宏健,杜凡,张福兴.云南4种典型材用丛生竹宏观解剖结构与主要物理力学性质的关系[J].林业科学,1999,35(4):66-70.Zhang H J,Du F,Zhang F X.Relationships between the textures and main physical and mechanical properties of four typical thickgrowing structural bamboos in Yunnan[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,1999,35(4):66-70.
[21]Lee A W C,Bai X S,Peralta P N.Selected physical and mechanical properties of giant timber bamboo grown in South Carolina[J].Forest Products Journal,1994,44(9):40-46.
[22]Chuang K F,Yu W K.Mechanical properties of structural bamboo for bamboo scaffolding[J].Engineering Structures,2002,24:429-442.
[23]刘亚迪,桂仁意,俞友明,等.毛竹不同种源竹材物理力学性质初步研究[J].竹子研究汇刊,2008,27(1):50-56.Liu Y D,Gui R Y,Yu Y M,et al.A premilinary study on the physical and mechanical properties of different provenances of Moso bamboo[J].Journal of Bamboo Research,2008,27(1):50-56.
[24]Walter L.Advances in bamboo research[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition),2001,25(4):1-6.
[25]Senft J F,Bendtsen B A.Measuring microfibrillar angles using light microscopy[J].Wood Fiber Science,1985,17(4):564-567.
[26]俞友明,方伟,杨云芳,等.不同立地条件红壳竹竹材物理力学性质的比较[J].浙江林学院学报,2001,18(4):380-383.Yu Y M,Fang W,Yang Y F,et al.Comparative study on physico-mechanical properties of Phyllostachys iridenscens wood under different sites[J].Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College,2001,18(4):380-383.
[27]王福军,赵开军.基因组编辑技术应用于作物遗传改良的进展与挑战[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(1):1-16.Wang F J,Zhao K J.Progress and challenge of crop genetic improvement via genome editing[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2018,51(1):1-16.
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