喷丸强化DD6单晶合金中温单轴拉伸性能
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摘要
为研究喷丸对单晶合金中温拉伸性能影响,采用陶瓷弹丸对DD6单晶合金(后简称单晶)进行喷丸,研究了[001]取向单晶原始/喷丸后600、650和850℃的单轴拉伸性能。采用显微硬度和透射电镜分析了喷丸单晶表层组织,并采用扫描电镜观察了拉伸断口。结果表明:喷丸对单晶中温抗拉、屈服强度及850℃拉伸塑性无影响,而喷丸后单晶的600和650℃拉伸塑性显著下降。650℃时,延长率和断面收缩率分别由16.1%和20.1%下降到喷丸后的3.8%和6.9%;600℃时,延长率和断面收缩率分别由10.5%和18.4%下降到喷丸后的2.8%和7.5%。喷丸单晶表面形成了以{111}交叉滑移孪晶面,与600和650℃拉伸主滑移面重合,孪晶使得拉伸过程进一步表面变形困难,内部金属变形受到限制,表现为喷丸单晶600和650℃拉伸塑性下降。单晶850℃拉伸过程中,除开动八面体滑移外,还开动了六面体滑移,未出现喷丸孪晶面与拉伸主滑移面重合问题,故喷丸不影响850℃单晶拉伸塑性。
To research the influence of shot peening on the mechanical property of the single crystal superalloy at the medium temperature, ceramic shot was employed to peen the DD6 single crystal superalloy(SX) to investigate one-axis tensile properties at 600, 650 and 850℃, compared with that of the as-received alloy. Surface integrity of shot-peened SX was characterized using micro-hardness test and TEM, and tensile fractures were observed by SEM. Results show that shot peening has no obvious effect on the tensile strength, yield strength and tensile plasticity at 850℃. However, tensile plasticity at 600 and 650℃ significantly declines after peening. At 650℃, the average elongation and cross-section shrinkage rate after peening fall from 16.1% and 20.1% to 3.8% and 6.9%, respectively, while the two properties at 600℃, go down from 10.5% and18.4% to 2.8% and to 7.5%, respectively. {111} interlaced-line-type twins are formed by shot peening, which is close to the tensile fracture surface, i.e, the glide plane at 600℃ and 650℃. During the tensile process, the twins further make surface metal deformation difficult and also restrict the slippage of the inner metal, which express the phenomena of the 600℃ and650℃ tensile plastic of peened SX descending. During the process of 850℃ tension, not only octahedron glide but hexahedron glide occurres. Furthermore, there is no coincidence between shot peening twin plane and main glide surface in tension.Therefore, shot peening does not affect the tensile plasticity of SX at 850℃.
To research the influence of shot peening on the mechanical property of the single crystal superalloy at the medium temperature, ceramic shot was employed to peen the DD6 single crystal superalloy(SX) to investigate one-axis tensile properties at 600, 650 and 850℃, compared with that of the as-received alloy. Surface integrity of shot-peened SX was characterized using micro-hardness test and TEM, and tensile fractures were observed by SEM. Results show that shot peening has no obvious effect on the tensile strength, yield strength and tensile plasticity at 850℃. However, tensile plasticity at 600 and 650℃ significantly declines after peening. At 650℃, the average elongation and cross-section shrinkage rate after peening fall from 16.1% and 20.1% to 3.8% and 6.9%, respectively, while the two properties at 600℃, go down from 10.5% and18.4% to 2.8% and to 7.5%, respectively. {111} interlaced-line-type twins are formed by shot peening, which is close to the tensile fracture surface, i.e, the glide plane at 600℃ and 650℃. During the tensile process, the twins further make surface metal deformation difficult and also restrict the slippage of the inner metal, which express the phenomena of the 600℃ and650℃ tensile plastic of peened SX descending. During the process of 850℃ tension, not only octahedron glide but hexahedron glide occurres. Furthermore, there is no coincidence between shot peening twin plane and main glide surface in tension.Therefore, shot peening does not affect the tensile plasticity of SX at 850℃.
引文
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[15]静永娟,王新英,张继,等.喷丸处理对TiAl合金拉伸性能的影响[J].稀有金属,2009,33(5):750-753.JING Y J,WANG X Y,ZHANG J.Effect of shot peening on tensile properties of tial alloys[J].Rare Metals,2009,33(5):750-753(in Chinese).
[16]孙云辉,周建忠,盛杰,等.深冷激光喷丸强化2024-T351铝合金拉伸性能及断口分析[J].中国激光,2017,44(8):107-114.SUN Y H,ZHOU J Z,SHENG J,et al.Tensile property and fracture analysis of 2024-T351 aluminum alloys by cryogenic laser peening[J].Chinese Laser Press,2017,44(8):107-114(in Chinese).
[17]孙凤礼,李嘉荣,刘世忠,等.单晶高温合金DD6不同状态下的显微组织和力学性能[J].钢铁研究学报,2003,15(z1):269-271.SUN F L,LI J R,LIU S Z,et al.Microstructure and mechanical property of single crystal superalloy dd6 with different states[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2003,15(z1):269-271(in Chinese).
[18]ALTENBERGER I,SCHOLTES B,MARTIN U,et al.Cyclic deformation and near surface microstructures of shot peened or deep rolled austenitic stainless steel AISI 304[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,1999,264:1-16.
[19]李嘉荣,刘世忠,王开国,等.第二代单晶合金DD6的拉伸性能[J].钢铁研究学报,2013,15(7):272-275.LI J R,LIU S Z,WANG K G,et al.The tensile behavior of the second generation single crystal superalloy DD6[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2013,15(7):272-275(in Chinese).
[2]GEL M,DUHL D N,GIAMEI A F.The development of single crystal superalloy turbine blades[C]//Superalloys,1980:205-214.
[3]LI J R,ZHONG Z G,LIU S Z,et al.A low-cost second generation single crystal superalloy DD6[C]//Superalloys,2000:777-783.
[4]RONG P,WANG N,WANG L,et al.The influence of grain boundary angle on the hot cracking of single crystal superalloy DD6[J].Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2016,676:181-186.
[5]陈亚东,郑运荣,冯强.基于微观组织演变的DZ125定向凝固高压涡轮叶片服役温度场的评估方法研究[J].金属学报,2016,52(12):1545-1556.CHEN Y D,ZHENG Y R,FENG Q.Evaluating service temperature field of high pressure turbine blades made of directionally solidified DZ125 superalloy based on micro-structural evolution[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2016,52(12):1545-1556(in Chinese).
[6]MOVERARE J J,JOHANSSON S,REED R C.Deformation and damage mechanisms during thermal-mechanical fatigue of a single-crystal superalloy[J].Acta Materialia,2009,57(7):2266-2276.
[7]LI S,PING L.Low-cycle fatigue behavior of a nickel base single crystal superalloy at high temperature[J].Rare Metal Materials&Engineering,2015,44(2):288-292.
[8]陈艳华.镍基单晶高温合金喷丸层塑性变形行为及其表征研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2014.CHEN Y H.Plastic deformation behavior of shot-peening layer of nickel-based superalloy[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University,2014(in Chinese).
[9]王欣,尤宏德,赵金乾,等.喷丸对DD6单晶合金高温疲劳性能的影响[J].中国表面工程,2013,26(3):21-24.WANG X,YOU H D,ZHAO J Q,et al.Influence of shotpeening on the high-temperature fatigue property of DD6single crystal superalloy[J].China Surface Engineering,2013,26(3):21-24(in Chinese).
[10]王欣,尤宏德,李嘉荣,等.陶瓷弹丸喷丸强化对DD6单晶高温合金表面完整性的影响[J].材料工程,2014,21(4):53-57.WANG X,YOU H D,LI J R,et al.Influence of ceramicshot-peening on surface integrity of DD6 single crystal superalloy[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2014,21(4):53-57(in Chinese).
[11]喻健,李嘉荣,史振学,等.DD6单晶高温合金二次γ'相的析出[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2013,42(8):1654-1658.YU J,LI JR,SHI ZX,et al.Precipitation of secondaryγ'phase of DD6 single crystal superalloy[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2013,42(8):1654-1658(in Chinese).
[12]水丽,胡壮麒.高温长期时效对一种镍基单晶合金拉伸和持久性能的影响[J].航空材料学报,2014,34(5):12-16.SHUI L,HU Z Q.Effect of high temperature long-term aging on tensile alloy and stress rupture properties of a nickel base single crystal alloy[J].Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2014,34(5):12-16(in Chinese).
[13]李嘉荣,史振学,袁海龙,等.单晶高温合金DD6拉伸性能各向异性[J].材料工程,2008(12):6-10.LI J R,SHI Z X,YUAN H L,et al.Tensile anisotropy of single crystal superalloy DD6[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2008(12):6-10(in Chinese).
[14]王仁智.喷丸强化技术[M].国防工业出版社,1973:5.WANG R Z.Shot peening technology[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,1973:5(in Chinese).
[15]静永娟,王新英,张继,等.喷丸处理对TiAl合金拉伸性能的影响[J].稀有金属,2009,33(5):750-753.JING Y J,WANG X Y,ZHANG J.Effect of shot peening on tensile properties of tial alloys[J].Rare Metals,2009,33(5):750-753(in Chinese).
[16]孙云辉,周建忠,盛杰,等.深冷激光喷丸强化2024-T351铝合金拉伸性能及断口分析[J].中国激光,2017,44(8):107-114.SUN Y H,ZHOU J Z,SHENG J,et al.Tensile property and fracture analysis of 2024-T351 aluminum alloys by cryogenic laser peening[J].Chinese Laser Press,2017,44(8):107-114(in Chinese).
[17]孙凤礼,李嘉荣,刘世忠,等.单晶高温合金DD6不同状态下的显微组织和力学性能[J].钢铁研究学报,2003,15(z1):269-271.SUN F L,LI J R,LIU S Z,et al.Microstructure and mechanical property of single crystal superalloy dd6 with different states[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2003,15(z1):269-271(in Chinese).
[18]ALTENBERGER I,SCHOLTES B,MARTIN U,et al.Cyclic deformation and near surface microstructures of shot peened or deep rolled austenitic stainless steel AISI 304[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,1999,264:1-16.
[19]李嘉荣,刘世忠,王开国,等.第二代单晶合金DD6的拉伸性能[J].钢铁研究学报,2013,15(7):272-275.LI J R,LIU S Z,WANG K G,et al.The tensile behavior of the second generation single crystal superalloy DD6[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2013,15(7):272-275(in Chinese).
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