煤矿井下随钻测量定向钻进技术与装备现状及展望
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摘要
煤矿井下近水平定向钻孔可实现超前、区域、精准灾害防治与瓦斯抽采利用,在煤矿地质保障中发挥着重要作用。系统介绍了国内外煤矿井下随钻测量定向钻进技术发展历程与应用现状,对国内定向钻进装备中的钻机、泥浆泵车、防爆型随钻测量系统、包括中心通缆钻杆、螺杆马达和钻头在内的配套钻具、包括滑动定向钻进和复合定向钻进在内的定向钻进工艺技术与套铣打捞工艺技术等关键技术和装备进行了简要分析和总结,对小体积防爆型随钻测量系统中的有线随钻测量系统、泥浆脉冲无线随钻测量系统、电磁波无线随钻测量系统和地质导向随钻测量系统的功能特点及适用性作了阐述,针对解决提高复杂顶板岩层中定向钻进成孔率、超深孔钻进施工能力和地层适应性等难题,介绍了该成套技术与装备在保德煤矿、龙王沟煤矿和顾桥煤矿进行顺煤层超深定向钻孔和复杂顶板高位定向钻孔的典型现场应用案例。基于成套技术与装备发展现状和现场应用,展望了煤矿井下随钻测量定向钻进技术与装备的发展方向和趋势,指出装备的自动化、信息化和智能化将成为技术攻关的方向与现场重点需求,高效快速钻进的旋转导向钻进系统和大直径定向钻孔将得到现场实践验证。
Near-horizontal directional drilling in coal mine can realize advanced,regional and accurate disaster prevention and gas extraction and utilization,and plays an important role in coal mine geological guarantee. This paper systematically introduces the development course and application status of directional drilling technology with measurement while drilling in underground coal mines at home and abroad.For drilling rigs,mud pump vehicles,explosion-proof while drilling measurement systems in domestic directional drilling equipment,supporting drilling tools,including central cable drill pipes,screw motors and drill bits,the key technologies and equipment,including sliding directional drilling and compound directional drilling,and sleeve milling and salvage technology,are briefly analyzed and summarized. The functional characteristics and applicability of wired while drilling measurement system,mud pulse wireless while drilling measurement system,electromagnetic wave wireless while drilling measurement system and geological guidance while drilling measurement system in small volume explosion-proof while drilling measurement system are described.In order to improve directional drilling hole formation rate,ultra-deep hole drilling construction ability and formation adaptability in complex roof,the paper introduces the typical field application cases of ultra-deep directional drilling and high directional drilling of complex roof in Baode Mine,Longwanggou Mine and Guqiao Mine. Based on development status and field application of complete set of technology and equipment,the development direction and trend of directional drilling technology and equipment with measurement while drilling in underground coal mine are prospected. The automation,information and intelligence of the equipment will become the direction of technical research and key requirements of the field.The rotary guided drilling system and large diameter directional drilling system with high efficiency and fast drilling will be verified by the field practice.
Near-horizontal directional drilling in coal mine can realize advanced,regional and accurate disaster prevention and gas extraction and utilization,and plays an important role in coal mine geological guarantee. This paper systematically introduces the development course and application status of directional drilling technology with measurement while drilling in underground coal mines at home and abroad.For drilling rigs,mud pump vehicles,explosion-proof while drilling measurement systems in domestic directional drilling equipment,supporting drilling tools,including central cable drill pipes,screw motors and drill bits,the key technologies and equipment,including sliding directional drilling and compound directional drilling,and sleeve milling and salvage technology,are briefly analyzed and summarized. The functional characteristics and applicability of wired while drilling measurement system,mud pulse wireless while drilling measurement system,electromagnetic wave wireless while drilling measurement system and geological guidance while drilling measurement system in small volume explosion-proof while drilling measurement system are described.In order to improve directional drilling hole formation rate,ultra-deep hole drilling construction ability and formation adaptability in complex roof,the paper introduces the typical field application cases of ultra-deep directional drilling and high directional drilling of complex roof in Baode Mine,Longwanggou Mine and Guqiao Mine. Based on development status and field application of complete set of technology and equipment,the development direction and trend of directional drilling technology and equipment with measurement while drilling in underground coal mine are prospected. The automation,information and intelligence of the equipment will become the direction of technical research and key requirements of the field.The rotary guided drilling system and large diameter directional drilling system with high efficiency and fast drilling will be verified by the field practice.
引文
[1]石智军,胡少韵,姚宁平,等.煤矿井下瓦斯抽采(放)钻孔施工新技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2008:1-7.
[2]宁德义.我国煤矿瓦斯防治技术的研究进展及发展方向[J].煤矿安全,2016,45(2):161-165.NING Deyi.Research progress and development trend of coal mine gas prevention technology in China[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2016,145(2):161-165.
[3]申宝宏,刘见中,张泓.我国煤矿瓦斯治理的技术对策[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(7):673-679.SHEN Baohong,LIU Jianzhong,ZHANG Hong.The technical measures of gas controlin China coal mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(7):673-679.
[4]申宝宏,郑行周,弯效杰.煤矿隐蔽致灾因素普查技术指南[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2015.
[5]王达,何远信,等.地质钻探手册[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2014.
[6]石智军,田宏亮,田东庄,等.煤矿井下随钻测量定向钻进使用手册[K].北京:地质出版社,2012:6-7.
[7]方鹏,姚克,邵俊杰,等.履带式中深孔定向钻进装备设计关键技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):71-75,87.FANG Peng,YAO Ke,SHAO Junjie,et al.Research on key technology of the design of tracked directional drillingequipment for mediumdeep borehole[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):71-75,87.
[8]姚克.ZDY12000LD大功率定向钻机装备研发及应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(6):164-168.YAO Ke.Development and application on ZDY12000LD highpower directional drilling equipment[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(6):164-168.
[9]姚克,张占强,李栋,等.煤矿井下钻探用系列泥浆泵车研制[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(4):153-156.YAO Ke,ZHANG Zhanqiang,LI Dong,et al.Development of series of crawler mud pumps for drilling in underground coal mine[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(4):153-156.
[10]李泉新,石智军,许超,等.2 311 m顺煤层超长定向钻孔高效钻进技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):27-32.LI Quanxin,SHI Zhijun,XU Chao,et al.Efficient drilling technique of 2311 m ultra-long directional borehole along coal seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):27-32.
[11]肖东辉,苏军康,斯蒂夫·芬奇,等.定向钻进孔底马达工具面向角变化规律分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(7):109-113.XIAO Donghui,SU Junkang,STEVE Finch,et al.Analysis on DHM tool face direction change pattern for directional drilling[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(7):109-113.
[12]石智军,李泉新,姚克.煤矿井下1 800 m水平定向钻进技术与装备[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(2):109-113.SHI Zhijun,LI Quanxin,YAO Ke.Underground mine 1 800 m horizontal directional drilling technology and equipment[J].Coal Science and Technology.2015,43(2):109-113.
[13]童碧,许超,刘飞,等.淮南矿区瓦斯抽采中以孔代巷技术研究与工程实践[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):33-39.TONG Bi,XU Chao,LIU Fei,et al.Technology research on borehole in place of roadway and its engineering practice in gas drainage of Huainan Mining Area[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):33-39.
[14]方俊,李泉新,许超,等.松软突出煤层瓦斯抽采钻孔施工技术及发展趋势[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(5):130-137,176.FANG Jun,LI Quanxin,XU Chao,et al.Construction technology and development tendency of gas drainage borehole in soft and outburst coal seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(5):130-137,176.
[15]石智军,刘建林,李泉新.我国煤矿区钻进技术装备发展与应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):1-6.SHI Zhijun,LIU Jianlin,LI Quanxin.Development and application of drilling technique and equipment in coal mining area of China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):1-6.
[16]王清峰,陈航.瓦斯抽采智能化钻探技术及装备的发展与展望[J].工矿自动化,2018,44(11):18-24.WANG Qingfeng,CHEN Hang.Development and prospect on intelligent drilling technology and equipment for gas drainage[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2018,44(11):18-24.
[17]程迎松,张立祥.智能钻机自动上下杆机构设计与分析[J].煤炭技术,2018,37(4):222-225CHENG Yingsong,ZHANG Lixiang.Design and analysis of automatic install and pull rods mechanism ofdrilling rig[J].Coal Technology,2018,37(4):222-225.
[2]宁德义.我国煤矿瓦斯防治技术的研究进展及发展方向[J].煤矿安全,2016,45(2):161-165.NING Deyi.Research progress and development trend of coal mine gas prevention technology in China[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2016,145(2):161-165.
[3]申宝宏,刘见中,张泓.我国煤矿瓦斯治理的技术对策[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(7):673-679.SHEN Baohong,LIU Jianzhong,ZHANG Hong.The technical measures of gas controlin China coal mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(7):673-679.
[4]申宝宏,郑行周,弯效杰.煤矿隐蔽致灾因素普查技术指南[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2015.
[5]王达,何远信,等.地质钻探手册[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2014.
[6]石智军,田宏亮,田东庄,等.煤矿井下随钻测量定向钻进使用手册[K].北京:地质出版社,2012:6-7.
[7]方鹏,姚克,邵俊杰,等.履带式中深孔定向钻进装备设计关键技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):71-75,87.FANG Peng,YAO Ke,SHAO Junjie,et al.Research on key technology of the design of tracked directional drillingequipment for mediumdeep borehole[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):71-75,87.
[8]姚克.ZDY12000LD大功率定向钻机装备研发及应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(6):164-168.YAO Ke.Development and application on ZDY12000LD highpower directional drilling equipment[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(6):164-168.
[9]姚克,张占强,李栋,等.煤矿井下钻探用系列泥浆泵车研制[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(4):153-156.YAO Ke,ZHANG Zhanqiang,LI Dong,et al.Development of series of crawler mud pumps for drilling in underground coal mine[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(4):153-156.
[10]李泉新,石智军,许超,等.2 311 m顺煤层超长定向钻孔高效钻进技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):27-32.LI Quanxin,SHI Zhijun,XU Chao,et al.Efficient drilling technique of 2311 m ultra-long directional borehole along coal seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):27-32.
[11]肖东辉,苏军康,斯蒂夫·芬奇,等.定向钻进孔底马达工具面向角变化规律分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(7):109-113.XIAO Donghui,SU Junkang,STEVE Finch,et al.Analysis on DHM tool face direction change pattern for directional drilling[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(7):109-113.
[12]石智军,李泉新,姚克.煤矿井下1 800 m水平定向钻进技术与装备[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(2):109-113.SHI Zhijun,LI Quanxin,YAO Ke.Underground mine 1 800 m horizontal directional drilling technology and equipment[J].Coal Science and Technology.2015,43(2):109-113.
[13]童碧,许超,刘飞,等.淮南矿区瓦斯抽采中以孔代巷技术研究与工程实践[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):33-39.TONG Bi,XU Chao,LIU Fei,et al.Technology research on borehole in place of roadway and its engineering practice in gas drainage of Huainan Mining Area[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):33-39.
[14]方俊,李泉新,许超,等.松软突出煤层瓦斯抽采钻孔施工技术及发展趋势[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(5):130-137,176.FANG Jun,LI Quanxin,XU Chao,et al.Construction technology and development tendency of gas drainage borehole in soft and outburst coal seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(5):130-137,176.
[15]石智军,刘建林,李泉新.我国煤矿区钻进技术装备发展与应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):1-6.SHI Zhijun,LIU Jianlin,LI Quanxin.Development and application of drilling technique and equipment in coal mining area of China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):1-6.
[16]王清峰,陈航.瓦斯抽采智能化钻探技术及装备的发展与展望[J].工矿自动化,2018,44(11):18-24.WANG Qingfeng,CHEN Hang.Development and prospect on intelligent drilling technology and equipment for gas drainage[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2018,44(11):18-24.
[17]程迎松,张立祥.智能钻机自动上下杆机构设计与分析[J].煤炭技术,2018,37(4):222-225CHENG Yingsong,ZHANG Lixiang.Design and analysis of automatic install and pull rods mechanism ofdrilling rig[J].Coal Technology,2018,37(4):222-225.
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