铅基合金体系组元活度及气-液平衡的模型预测
|
摘要
采用正规溶液模型、亚正规溶液模型以及分子相互作用体积模型(MIVM)预测了Pb-Sb、Pb-Sn、Pb-Bi、Pb-Ag、Pb-Cu合金组元的活度,并计算了模型的预测偏差。结果表明:MIVM的平均相对偏差均小于10.7550%,绝对偏差小于0.0481,采用MIVM预测铅基合金组元的活度是可靠的。在此基础上,采用MIVM,结合真空冶金及气液平衡理论,建立了二元合金体系的气-液平衡(Vapor-liquid equilibrium, VLE)预测模型。采用模型计算了上述铅基合金的VLE数据,并绘制了VLE相图(包括T-x(y)和p-x(y)相图),最后采用VLE实验数据对其可靠性进行了检验,结果表明:VLE的模型预测值与实验值吻合,本文建立的铅基合金体系气-液平衡预测模型是可靠的,为铅基合金真空蒸馏设备的改进及过程控制、优化提供了可靠的模型。
the activity of Pb-Sb, Pb-Sn, Pb-Bi, Pb-Ag, Pb-Cu alloys was predicted by the regular solution model, the sub-regular solution model and the molecular interaction volume model(MIVM).The prediction deviation of the model was calculated. The results show that the average relative deviation of MIVM is less than 10.7550% and the absolute deviation is less than 0.0481. The activity of MIVM prediction of the lead based alloy components is reliable. On this basis, the vapor liquid equilibrium prediction model of binary alloy system was established using MIVM, vacuum metallurgy and theory of vapor liquid equilibrium. The VLE data of the lead based alloy were calculated by the model,and the VLE phase diagram(including T-X-y) and P-X-y) phase diagram) was drawn. Finally, the reliability was tested by the experimental data of VLE. The results show that the predicted value of the model is in agreement with the experimental value. The prediction model of the vapor liquid equilibrium of the lead based alloy system established in this paper is feasible. It provides a reliable model for improvement and process control and optimization of lead based alloy vacuum distillation equipment.
the activity of Pb-Sb, Pb-Sn, Pb-Bi, Pb-Ag, Pb-Cu alloys was predicted by the regular solution model, the sub-regular solution model and the molecular interaction volume model(MIVM).The prediction deviation of the model was calculated. The results show that the average relative deviation of MIVM is less than 10.7550% and the absolute deviation is less than 0.0481. The activity of MIVM prediction of the lead based alloy components is reliable. On this basis, the vapor liquid equilibrium prediction model of binary alloy system was established using MIVM, vacuum metallurgy and theory of vapor liquid equilibrium. The VLE data of the lead based alloy were calculated by the model,and the VLE phase diagram(including T-X-y) and P-X-y) phase diagram) was drawn. Finally, the reliability was tested by the experimental data of VLE. The results show that the predicted value of the model is in agreement with the experimental value. The prediction model of the vapor liquid equilibrium of the lead based alloy system established in this paper is feasible. It provides a reliable model for improvement and process control and optimization of lead based alloy vacuum distillation equipment.
引文
[1]YANG B,KONG L X,XU B Q,LIU D C,DAI Y N.Recycling of metals from waste Sn-based alloys by vacuum separation[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2015,25(4):1315-1324.
[2]薛福连.内燃机轴承铅-锡-铜镀层退除工艺[J].材料保护,2003,36(4):69.XUE Fu-lian.Removal process of lead-tin-copper coating on internal combustion engine bearings[J].Material Protection,2003,36(4):69.
[3]陈海大,李连军.双氧水化氯化法处理铅阳极泥的实验[J].湖南有色金属,2011,27(5):32-34.CHEN Hai-da,LI Lian-jun.Experiments on hydrogen&chlorination leaching process for treating lead anode slime[J].Hunan Nonferrous Metals,2011,27(5):32-34.
[4]李平.铅铋合金的湿法处理工艺[C]//合作发展创新-2008(太原)首届中西部十二省市自治区有色金属工业发展论坛论文集.2008.LI Ping.Wet Treatment Process of Lead-Bismuth Alloy[C]//Cooperative Development and Innovation-2008(Taiyuan)Papers Collection of the First Forum on Development of Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Twelve Provinces,Municipalities and Autonomous Regions of Midwest China.2008.
[5]唐谟堂,杨声海,唐朝波,韦明芳.用AC法从高锑低银类铅阳极泥中回收银和铅[J].中南工业大学学报(自然科学版),2003,34(2):132-135.TANG Mo-tang YANG Sheng-hai TANG Chao-bo WEIMing-fang Recovery of silver and lead from lead electrolysis refining anodic slime bearing high antimony and lower silver by AC process[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2003,34(2):132-135.
[6]戴永年,杨斌.有色金属真空冶金[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2009.DAI Yong-nian,YANG Bin.Vacuum metallurgy of nonferrous metals[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2009.
[7]KONG Xiang-Feng,YANG Bin,XIONG Heng,KONGLing-xin LIU Da-chun XU Bao-qiang.Thermodynamics of removing impurities from crude lead by vacuum distillation refining[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2014,24(6):1946-1950.
[8]SONG B Y,XU B Q,YANG B,JIANG W L,CHEN X M,XU N,LIU D C,DAI Y N.Ab initio molecular dynamics studies of Pbm Sbn(m+n≤9)alloy clusters[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2017,48(10):4905-4913.
[9]SONG Bin-yi,XU Na,JIANG Wen-long,YANG Bin,CHENXiu-min,XU Bao-qiang,KONG Ling-xin,LIU Da-chun,DAI Yong-nian.Study on azeotropic point of Pb-Sb alloys by ab-initio molecular dynamic simulation and vacuum distillation[J].Vacuum,2016,125:209-214.
[10]孔令鑫,李一夫,杨斌,徐宝强,刘大春,戴永年.分子相互作用体积模型在真空蒸馏分离Pb-Sb、Pb-Ag和Sb-Cu合金中的应用[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(2):535-542.KONG Ling-xin,LI Yi-fu,YANG Bin,XU Bao-qiang,LIUDa-chun,DAI Yong-nian.Application of molecular interaction volume model in separation of Pb-Sb,Pb-Ag and Sb-Cu alloys by vacuum distillation[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(2):535-542.
[11]KONG Ling-xin,XU Jun-jie,XU Bao-qiang,XU Shuai,YANG Bin,LI Yi-fu.Application of MIVM for Sn-Ag and Sn-In Alloys in Vacuum Distillation[C]//TMS 2016 145th,Annual Meeting&Exhibition.Springer International Publishing,2016:385-391.
[12]KONG Ling-xin,WANG An-xiang,YANG Bin,XUBao-qiang,LIU Da-chun.Application of MIVM for Cu-Ni alloy in vacuum distillation[C]//TMS 2015 144 th,Annual Meeting&Exhibition.Springer International Publishing,2015:833-840.
[13]HILDEBRAND J H.Solubility.XII.Regular solutions[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,1929,51(1):66-80.
[14]HARDY H K.A“sub-regular”solution model and its application to some binary alloy systems[J].Acta Metallurgica,1953,1(2):202-209.
[15]TAO D P.A new model of thermodynamics of liquid mixtures and its application to liquid alloys[J].Thermochimica Acta,2000,363(1/2):105-113.
[16]孔令鑫,杨斌,李一夫,徐宝强,韩龙,李亮,刘大春.MIVM在真空蒸馏分离锡锌合金中的应用及实验研究[J].真空科学与技术学报,2013,33(5):483-489.KONG Ling-xin,YANG Bin,LI Yi-fu,XU Bao-qiang,HANLong,LI Liang,LIU Da-chun.Modeling and experimental study of tin-zinc alloy separation by vacuum distillation[J].Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology,2013,33(5):483-489.
[17]IIDAΤ,GUTHRIE R I L.The physical properties of liquid metals[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,1988.
[18]FERRO R,SACCONE A.Structure of solids[M].Weinheim:VCH Verlagasgesellschaft,1993:704-713.
[19]HULTGREN R R.Selected values of the thermodynamic properties of binary alloys[J].1973,66(1):55-98.
[20]YANG Xiao-mei,CHEN Xiu-min,ZHANG Chen,XIEXiao-guang,YANG Bin,XU Bao-qiang,LIU Da-chun,YANG Hong-wei.Prediction of vapor-liquid equilibria for the Pb-X(X=Ag,Cu and Sn)systems in vacuum distillation using ab initio methods and Wilson equation[J].Fluid Phase Equilibria,2016,417:25-28.
[21]SMITH J M,VAN NESS H C,ABBOTT M M.Introduction to chemical engineering thermodynamics[M].6th ed.New York:Mc Graw-Hill,2001.
[22]XU Jun-jie,KONG Lin-xing,XU Bao-qiang,YANG Bin,YOU Yan-jun,XU Shuai,ZHOU Yue-zhen,LI Yi-fu,LIUDa-chun.(Vapor+Liquid)equilibrium(VLE)for binary lead-antimony system in vacuum distillation:new data and modeling using Nonrandom two-liquid(NRTL)model[J].Metallurgical&Materials Transactions A,2016,47(9):4494-4501.
[23]JIA G B,YANG B,LIU D C.Deeply removing lead from Pb-Sn alloy with vacuum distillation[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2013,23(6):1822-1831.
[24]蒋文龙,陈金杰,李一夫,杨斌,刘大春.铅银合金真空分离的研究[J].真空科学与技术学报,2014,34(5):533-537.JIANG Wen-long,CHEN Jin-jie,LI Yi-fu,YANG Bin,LIUDa-chun.Separation of lead-silver alloy deposited in hydrometallurgy of non-ferrous metals by vacuum distillation[J].Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology,2014,34(5):533-537.
[25]ZHANG Chen,JIANG Wen-Long,YANG Bin,LIU Da-chun,XU Bao-qiang,YANG Hong-wei.Experimental investigation and calculation of vapor-liquid equilibria for Cu-Pb binary alloy in vacuum distillation[J].Fluid Phase Equilibria,2015,405(15):68-72.
[26]伊家飞,刘大春,杨斌,孔令鑫,戴永年.分子相互作用体积模型在真空蒸馏分离Pb-Bi二元合金中的应用[J].真空科学与技术学报,2014,34(7):763-767.YI Jia-fei,LIU Da-chun,YANG Bin,KONG Ling-xin,DAIYong-nian.Application of molecular interaction volume model in vacuum distillation separation of Pb-Bi binary alloys[J].Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology,2014,34(7):763-767.
[2]薛福连.内燃机轴承铅-锡-铜镀层退除工艺[J].材料保护,2003,36(4):69.XUE Fu-lian.Removal process of lead-tin-copper coating on internal combustion engine bearings[J].Material Protection,2003,36(4):69.
[3]陈海大,李连军.双氧水化氯化法处理铅阳极泥的实验[J].湖南有色金属,2011,27(5):32-34.CHEN Hai-da,LI Lian-jun.Experiments on hydrogen&chlorination leaching process for treating lead anode slime[J].Hunan Nonferrous Metals,2011,27(5):32-34.
[4]李平.铅铋合金的湿法处理工艺[C]//合作发展创新-2008(太原)首届中西部十二省市自治区有色金属工业发展论坛论文集.2008.LI Ping.Wet Treatment Process of Lead-Bismuth Alloy[C]//Cooperative Development and Innovation-2008(Taiyuan)Papers Collection of the First Forum on Development of Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Twelve Provinces,Municipalities and Autonomous Regions of Midwest China.2008.
[5]唐谟堂,杨声海,唐朝波,韦明芳.用AC法从高锑低银类铅阳极泥中回收银和铅[J].中南工业大学学报(自然科学版),2003,34(2):132-135.TANG Mo-tang YANG Sheng-hai TANG Chao-bo WEIMing-fang Recovery of silver and lead from lead electrolysis refining anodic slime bearing high antimony and lower silver by AC process[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2003,34(2):132-135.
[6]戴永年,杨斌.有色金属真空冶金[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2009.DAI Yong-nian,YANG Bin.Vacuum metallurgy of nonferrous metals[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2009.
[7]KONG Xiang-Feng,YANG Bin,XIONG Heng,KONGLing-xin LIU Da-chun XU Bao-qiang.Thermodynamics of removing impurities from crude lead by vacuum distillation refining[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2014,24(6):1946-1950.
[8]SONG B Y,XU B Q,YANG B,JIANG W L,CHEN X M,XU N,LIU D C,DAI Y N.Ab initio molecular dynamics studies of Pbm Sbn(m+n≤9)alloy clusters[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2017,48(10):4905-4913.
[9]SONG Bin-yi,XU Na,JIANG Wen-long,YANG Bin,CHENXiu-min,XU Bao-qiang,KONG Ling-xin,LIU Da-chun,DAI Yong-nian.Study on azeotropic point of Pb-Sb alloys by ab-initio molecular dynamic simulation and vacuum distillation[J].Vacuum,2016,125:209-214.
[10]孔令鑫,李一夫,杨斌,徐宝强,刘大春,戴永年.分子相互作用体积模型在真空蒸馏分离Pb-Sb、Pb-Ag和Sb-Cu合金中的应用[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(2):535-542.KONG Ling-xin,LI Yi-fu,YANG Bin,XU Bao-qiang,LIUDa-chun,DAI Yong-nian.Application of molecular interaction volume model in separation of Pb-Sb,Pb-Ag and Sb-Cu alloys by vacuum distillation[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(2):535-542.
[11]KONG Ling-xin,XU Jun-jie,XU Bao-qiang,XU Shuai,YANG Bin,LI Yi-fu.Application of MIVM for Sn-Ag and Sn-In Alloys in Vacuum Distillation[C]//TMS 2016 145th,Annual Meeting&Exhibition.Springer International Publishing,2016:385-391.
[12]KONG Ling-xin,WANG An-xiang,YANG Bin,XUBao-qiang,LIU Da-chun.Application of MIVM for Cu-Ni alloy in vacuum distillation[C]//TMS 2015 144 th,Annual Meeting&Exhibition.Springer International Publishing,2015:833-840.
[13]HILDEBRAND J H.Solubility.XII.Regular solutions[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,1929,51(1):66-80.
[14]HARDY H K.A“sub-regular”solution model and its application to some binary alloy systems[J].Acta Metallurgica,1953,1(2):202-209.
[15]TAO D P.A new model of thermodynamics of liquid mixtures and its application to liquid alloys[J].Thermochimica Acta,2000,363(1/2):105-113.
[16]孔令鑫,杨斌,李一夫,徐宝强,韩龙,李亮,刘大春.MIVM在真空蒸馏分离锡锌合金中的应用及实验研究[J].真空科学与技术学报,2013,33(5):483-489.KONG Ling-xin,YANG Bin,LI Yi-fu,XU Bao-qiang,HANLong,LI Liang,LIU Da-chun.Modeling and experimental study of tin-zinc alloy separation by vacuum distillation[J].Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology,2013,33(5):483-489.
[17]IIDAΤ,GUTHRIE R I L.The physical properties of liquid metals[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,1988.
[18]FERRO R,SACCONE A.Structure of solids[M].Weinheim:VCH Verlagasgesellschaft,1993:704-713.
[19]HULTGREN R R.Selected values of the thermodynamic properties of binary alloys[J].1973,66(1):55-98.
[20]YANG Xiao-mei,CHEN Xiu-min,ZHANG Chen,XIEXiao-guang,YANG Bin,XU Bao-qiang,LIU Da-chun,YANG Hong-wei.Prediction of vapor-liquid equilibria for the Pb-X(X=Ag,Cu and Sn)systems in vacuum distillation using ab initio methods and Wilson equation[J].Fluid Phase Equilibria,2016,417:25-28.
[21]SMITH J M,VAN NESS H C,ABBOTT M M.Introduction to chemical engineering thermodynamics[M].6th ed.New York:Mc Graw-Hill,2001.
[22]XU Jun-jie,KONG Lin-xing,XU Bao-qiang,YANG Bin,YOU Yan-jun,XU Shuai,ZHOU Yue-zhen,LI Yi-fu,LIUDa-chun.(Vapor+Liquid)equilibrium(VLE)for binary lead-antimony system in vacuum distillation:new data and modeling using Nonrandom two-liquid(NRTL)model[J].Metallurgical&Materials Transactions A,2016,47(9):4494-4501.
[23]JIA G B,YANG B,LIU D C.Deeply removing lead from Pb-Sn alloy with vacuum distillation[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2013,23(6):1822-1831.
[24]蒋文龙,陈金杰,李一夫,杨斌,刘大春.铅银合金真空分离的研究[J].真空科学与技术学报,2014,34(5):533-537.JIANG Wen-long,CHEN Jin-jie,LI Yi-fu,YANG Bin,LIUDa-chun.Separation of lead-silver alloy deposited in hydrometallurgy of non-ferrous metals by vacuum distillation[J].Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology,2014,34(5):533-537.
[25]ZHANG Chen,JIANG Wen-Long,YANG Bin,LIU Da-chun,XU Bao-qiang,YANG Hong-wei.Experimental investigation and calculation of vapor-liquid equilibria for Cu-Pb binary alloy in vacuum distillation[J].Fluid Phase Equilibria,2015,405(15):68-72.
[26]伊家飞,刘大春,杨斌,孔令鑫,戴永年.分子相互作用体积模型在真空蒸馏分离Pb-Bi二元合金中的应用[J].真空科学与技术学报,2014,34(7):763-767.YI Jia-fei,LIU Da-chun,YANG Bin,KONG Ling-xin,DAIYong-nian.Application of molecular interaction volume model in vacuum distillation separation of Pb-Bi binary alloys[J].Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology,2014,34(7):763-767.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |