6061铝合金与H13模具钢固体界面接触换热系数的反分析求解
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摘要
采用FORTRAN语言建立固体界面一维反热传导的计算程序,结合自制的热电偶测温实验装置,等效研究6061铝合金挤压型材在线弯曲过程中与H13模具钢界面的瞬态换热行为,探讨初始温度、接触载荷、表面粗糙度和热流方向对接触换热系数的影响。结果表明:瞬态换热系数在开始接触的短时间内(5 s)急剧上升,然后缓慢增大至某一稳定值。当界面平均接触温度从111.5℃增大到211.5℃时,接触换热系数迅速增加。进一步提高界面平均接触温度,接触换热系数增加速率下降;随着表面粗糙度的增大,接触换热系数逐渐减小,在1.66～2.05μm范围内影响最为显著。随着载荷的增加,接触换热系数逐渐增大,敏感性逐渐下降;热流方向从铝合金到H13钢时的接触换热系数明显要比H13钢到铝合金的接触换热系数大。
A model of inverse heat conduction for solid interfaces was established by using FORTRAN language. The transient heat transfer behavior between 6061 aluminum alloy and H13 steel was equivalently investigated by a self-made device with thermocouple. The influences of initial temperature, contact pressure, surface roughness and heat flux direction on the contact heat transfer coefficient were systematically studied. The results show that the contact heat transfer coefficient increases rapidly to a certain value in a very short time(5 s), from which a much slower increase occurs. When the average contact temperature increases from 111.5 to 211.5 ℃, the contact heat transfer coefficient increases rapidly. But with the average contact temperature further increasing, the increase rate of contact heat transfer coefficient decreases. With the increase of surface roughness, the contact heat transfer coefficient decreases gradually, the most significant effect is in the range of 1.66-2.05 μm. The contact heat transfer coefficient increases gradually with the increase of contact pressure, but the sensitivity gradually decreases. The contact heat transfer coefficient for the heat flux direction from aluminum alloy to H13 steel is obviously larger than that from H13 steel to aluminum alloy.
A model of inverse heat conduction for solid interfaces was established by using FORTRAN language. The transient heat transfer behavior between 6061 aluminum alloy and H13 steel was equivalently investigated by a self-made device with thermocouple. The influences of initial temperature, contact pressure, surface roughness and heat flux direction on the contact heat transfer coefficient were systematically studied. The results show that the contact heat transfer coefficient increases rapidly to a certain value in a very short time(5 s), from which a much slower increase occurs. When the average contact temperature increases from 111.5 to 211.5 ℃, the contact heat transfer coefficient increases rapidly. But with the average contact temperature further increasing, the increase rate of contact heat transfer coefficient decreases. With the increase of surface roughness, the contact heat transfer coefficient decreases gradually, the most significant effect is in the range of 1.66-2.05 μm. The contact heat transfer coefficient increases gradually with the increase of contact pressure, but the sensitivity gradually decreases. The contact heat transfer coefficient for the heat flux direction from aluminum alloy to H13 steel is obviously larger than that from H13 steel to aluminum alloy.
引文
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[16]邢磊,张立文,张兴致,岳重祥.TP2铜与3Cr2W8V模具钢的瞬态接触换热系数[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(4):662-666.XING Lei,ZHANG Li-wen,ZHANG Xing-zhi,YUEChong-xiang.Transient contact heat transfer coefficient between TP2 copper and 3Cr2W8V die steel[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2010,20(4):662-666.
[17]ABDULHAY B,BOUROUGA B,DESSAIN C.Thermal contact resistance estimation:influence of the pressure contact and the coating layer during a hot forming process[J].International Journal of Material Forming,2012,5(3):183-197.
[18]BECK J V,BLACKWELL B,CLAIR C.Inverse heat conduction:Ill-posed problems[M].New York:Wiley,1985.
[19]WHITEHOUSE D J.Handbook of surface metrology[M].Boca Raton:CRC Press,1994.
[20]WILLIAMSON M,MAJUMDAR A.Effect of surface deformations on contact conductance[J].Journal of Heat Transfer,1992,114(4):802-810.
[2]LIU Zhi-wen,LI Luo-xing,YI Jie,LI Shi-kang,WANGZhen-hu,WANG Guan.Influence of heat treatment conditions on bending characteristics of 6063 aluminum alloy sheets[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2017,27(7):1498-1506.
[3]刘志文,李落星.轻量化构件弯曲短流程工艺研究现状与进展[J].中国有色金属学报,2014(8):2003-2012.LIU Zhi-wen,LI Luo-xing.Review of bending short process for lightweight component[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2014,24(8):2003-2012.
[4]李落星,刘志文,王冠.一种三维变弧度挤压型材在线弯曲成形装置.中国发明专利.CN103302125.A[P].2013-09-18.LI Luo-xing,LIU Zhi-wen,WANG Guan.An on-line bending device for 3D curve extrusion profiles.CN103302125.A[P].2013-09-18.
[5]朱智,张立文,顾森东.Hastelloy C-276合金与硅钢间的瞬态接触换热实验研究[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(3):877-882.ZHU Zhi,ZHANG Li-wen,GU Sen-dong.Experimental investigation of transient contact heat transfer between Hastelloy C-276 and silicon steel[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2012,43(3):877-882.
[6]ROSOCHOWSKA M,CHONIKIEWICZ K,BALENDRA R.A new method of measuring thermal contact conductance[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2004,145(2):207-214.
[7]孙静娜,刘楠楠,姚力,罗时磊.AZ31B镁合金轧制界面接触换热系数的实验研究[J].热加工工艺,2017,46(21):101-105.SUN Jing-na,LIU Nan-nan,YAO Li,LUO Shi-lei.Experimental study on contact heat transfer coefficient of AZ31B magnesium alloy rolling interface[J].Hot Working Technology,2017,46(21):101-105.
[8]XU R,XU L.An experimental investigation of thermal contact conductance of stainless steel at low temperatures[J].Cryogenics,2005,45(10/11):694-704.
[9]YING L,GAO T,DAI M,YANG Y,HU P.Experimental investigation of temperature-dependent interfacial heat transfer mechanism with spray quenching for 22Mn B5steel[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,121:48-66.
[10]MENDIGUREN J,ORTUBAY R,ARGANDO?A E S D,Galdos L.Experimental characterization of the heat transfer coefficient under different close loop controlled pressures and die temperatures[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,99:813-824.
[11]DOU R,GE T,LIU X,WEN Z.Effects of contact pressure,interface temperature,and surface roughness on thermal contact conductance between stainless steel surfaces under atmosphere condition[J].International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2016,94:156-163.
[12]XIAO W,WANG B,ZHENG K,ZHOU J,LIN J.A study of interfacial heat transfer and its effect on quenching when hot stamping AA7075[J].Archives of Civil&Mechanical Engineering,2018,18(3):723-730.
[13]BAI Q,LIN J,ZHAN L,DEAN T A,BALINT D S,ZHANGZ.An efficient closed-form method for determining interfacial heat transfer coefficient in metal forming[J].International Journal of Machine Tools&Manufacture,2012,56:102-110.
[14]TARIQ A,ASIF M.Experimental investigation of thermal contact conductance for nominally flat metallic contact[J].Heat&Mass Transfer,2016,52(2):291-307.
[15]FIEBERG C,KNEER R.Determination of thermal contact resistance from transient temperature measurements[J].International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2008,51(5):1017-1023.
[16]邢磊,张立文,张兴致,岳重祥.TP2铜与3Cr2W8V模具钢的瞬态接触换热系数[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(4):662-666.XING Lei,ZHANG Li-wen,ZHANG Xing-zhi,YUEChong-xiang.Transient contact heat transfer coefficient between TP2 copper and 3Cr2W8V die steel[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2010,20(4):662-666.
[17]ABDULHAY B,BOUROUGA B,DESSAIN C.Thermal contact resistance estimation:influence of the pressure contact and the coating layer during a hot forming process[J].International Journal of Material Forming,2012,5(3):183-197.
[18]BECK J V,BLACKWELL B,CLAIR C.Inverse heat conduction:Ill-posed problems[M].New York:Wiley,1985.
[19]WHITEHOUSE D J.Handbook of surface metrology[M].Boca Raton:CRC Press,1994.
[20]WILLIAMSON M,MAJUMDAR A.Effect of surface deformations on contact conductance[J].Journal of Heat Transfer,1992,114(4):802-810.
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