水力裂缝形貌对酸刻蚀行为及导流能力影响
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摘要
目前酸压裂缝导流能力实验多采用光滑岩板模拟地层水力裂缝,忽略了裂缝粗糙形貌对酸刻蚀行为、导流能力影响。采用自研装置"酸压裂缝导流能力测试系统",分别用光滑岩板、粗糙岩板模拟光滑裂缝、粗糙裂缝,研究了不同注酸排量、注酸时间下两种不同形貌水力裂缝的酸刻蚀行为和导流能力特征。结果表明,酸刻蚀后光滑裂缝轮廓线迂曲度增加;粗糙裂缝相反,酸刻蚀作用体现为削"峰"深"谷"。增加注酸排量或注酸时间,粗糙裂缝的高程变化、裂缝宽度、酸溶蚀量和导流能力增加幅度均明显大于光滑裂缝,且导流保持能力更好;粗糙裂缝对注酸参数变化更敏感。粗糙岩板利于真实评价储层条件下酸压裂缝导流能力,提高酸压方案设计的针对性,改善酸压效果。
At present, most simulations of hydraulic fractures are conduced based on the assumption of smooth parallel plates,ignoring the effects of the morphology of the fractures on acid etching behaviors and fluid diversion capacity. A self-developed device named"acid pressure test system for fracture fluid diversion"was used to simulate smooth and rough fractures, respectively, with smooth and rough plates to study the characteristics of acid etching behaviors and diversion capacity of the two types of fracture morphology with different acid injection volumes and periods. The results show that the tortuosity of the fracture profile increased after acid etching for smooth fractures, whereas the opposite was observed for rough fractures, as acid etching reduced the peaks and deepened the troughs. Increasing the acid injection volume or period led to significantly larger change in elevation, fracture width, acid dissolution amount, and diversion capacity for rough fractures than for smooth fractures, whereas the former had not only better retention ability of fluid diversion, but also higher sensitivity to changes in acid injection parameters. In conclusion, the assumption of rough plates is beneficial for realistically evaluating the diversion capacity of acid pressure fractures under reservoirs, thus improving the targetedness of the acid pressure scheme design and the acid pressure effect.
At present, most simulations of hydraulic fractures are conduced based on the assumption of smooth parallel plates,ignoring the effects of the morphology of the fractures on acid etching behaviors and fluid diversion capacity. A self-developed device named"acid pressure test system for fracture fluid diversion"was used to simulate smooth and rough fractures, respectively, with smooth and rough plates to study the characteristics of acid etching behaviors and diversion capacity of the two types of fracture morphology with different acid injection volumes and periods. The results show that the tortuosity of the fracture profile increased after acid etching for smooth fractures, whereas the opposite was observed for rough fractures, as acid etching reduced the peaks and deepened the troughs. Increasing the acid injection volume or period led to significantly larger change in elevation, fracture width, acid dissolution amount, and diversion capacity for rough fractures than for smooth fractures, whereas the former had not only better retention ability of fluid diversion, but also higher sensitivity to changes in acid injection parameters. In conclusion, the assumption of rough plates is beneficial for realistically evaluating the diversion capacity of acid pressure fractures under reservoirs, thus improving the targetedness of the acid pressure scheme design and the acid pressure effect.
引文
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[9]王志良,申林方,徐则民,等.岩体裂隙面粗糙度对其渗流特性的影响研究[J].岩土工程学报,2016, 38(7):1262-1268. doi:10.11779/CJGE201607013WANG Zhiliang, SHEN Linfang, XU Zemin, et al. Influence of roughness of rock fracture on seepage characteristics[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(7):1262-1268. doi:10.11779/CJGE201607013
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[11] CHEN Zhou, QIAN Jiazhong, ZHAN Hongbin, et al. Effect of roughness on water flow through a synthetic single rough fracture[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2017,76(4):186. doi:10.1007/s12665-017-6470-7
[12] CHEN Yuedu, LIANG Weiguo, LIAN Haojie, et al. Experimental study on the effect of fracture geometric characteristics on the permeability in deformable rough-walled fractures[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences, 2017, 98:121-140. doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.-2017.07.003
[13] NINO-PENALOZA A,AL-MOMEN A M,ZHU D,et al.New insights about acid fracture conductivity at laboratory scale[C]. SPE 174990-MS, 2015. doi:10.2118/174990-MS
[14] AL-MOMIN A, ZHU D, HILL A D. The effects of initial condition of fracture surfaces, acid spending and acid type on conductivity of acid fracture[C]. OTC 24895,2014. doi:1969.1/151186
[15] LU Cong, BAI Xiang, LUO Yang, et al. New study of etching patterns of acid-fracture surfaces and relevant conductivity[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2017, 159:135-147. doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2017.09.025
[2] LI Nianyin,DAI Jinxin,LIU Pingli,et al. Experimental study on influencing factors of acid-fracturing effect for carbonate reservoirs[J]. Petroleum, 2015, 1(2):146-153.doi:10.1016/j.petlm.2015.06.001
[3]李沁,伊向艺,卢渊,等.储层岩石矿物成分对酸蚀裂缝导流能力的影响[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,35(2):102-108. doi:10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2013.02.015LI Qin, YI Xiangyi, LU Yuan, et al. Influence of reservoir mineralogical composition on acid fracture conductivity[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2013, 35(2):102-108. doi:10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2013.02.015
[4] POURNIK M, NASR-EL-DIN H. Effect of acid spending on etching and acid fracture conductivity[J]. SPE Production&Operations, 2013, 28(1):46-54. doi:10.-2118/136217-MS
[5]王洋.裂缝型储层酸液滤失可视化研究与应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(1):107-110,117.doi:10.13639/j.-odpt.2018.01.017WANG Yang. Research on the visualization of acidizing fluid filtration in fractured reservoirs and its application[J]. Oil Drilling&Production Technology, 2018,40(1):107-110, 117. doi:10.13639/j.odpt.2018.01.017
[6]储铭汇.致密碳酸盐岩储层复合缝网酸压技术研究及矿场实践——以大牛地气田下古生界马五_5碳酸盐岩储层为例[J].石油钻采工艺,2017, 39(2):237-243.doi:10.13639/j.odpt.2017.02.020CHU Minghui. Study on composite fracture-network acid fracturing technology for tight carbonate reservoirs and its field application:A case study on Mawu5 carbonate reservoir of Lower Paleozoic in Daniudi Gasfield[J]. Oil Drilling&Production Technology, 2017, 39(2):237-243.doi:10.13639/j.odpt.2017.02.020
[7] LIU Zhiyuan, CHEN Mian, ZHANG Guangqing. Analysis of the influence of a natural fracture network on hydraulic fracture propagation in carbonate formations[J]. Rock Mechanics&Rock Engineering, 2014, 47(2):575-587. doi:10.1007/s00603-013-0414-7
[8] TSANG Y M, WITHERSPOON P A. The dependence of fracture mechanical and fluid flow properties on fracture roughness and simple size[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, 1983, 88(B3):2359-2366. doi:10.-1029/JB088iB03p02359
[9]王志良,申林方,徐则民,等.岩体裂隙面粗糙度对其渗流特性的影响研究[J].岩土工程学报,2016, 38(7):1262-1268. doi:10.11779/CJGE201607013WANG Zhiliang, SHEN Linfang, XU Zemin, et al. Influence of roughness of rock fracture on seepage characteristics[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(7):1262-1268. doi:10.11779/CJGE201607013
[10] NAVARRETE R C, MILLER M J, GORDON J E. Laboratory and theoretical studies for acid fracture stimulation optimization[C]. SPE 39776-MS, 1998. doi:10.-2118/39776-MS
[11] CHEN Zhou, QIAN Jiazhong, ZHAN Hongbin, et al. Effect of roughness on water flow through a synthetic single rough fracture[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2017,76(4):186. doi:10.1007/s12665-017-6470-7
[12] CHEN Yuedu, LIANG Weiguo, LIAN Haojie, et al. Experimental study on the effect of fracture geometric characteristics on the permeability in deformable rough-walled fractures[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences, 2017, 98:121-140. doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.-2017.07.003
[13] NINO-PENALOZA A,AL-MOMEN A M,ZHU D,et al.New insights about acid fracture conductivity at laboratory scale[C]. SPE 174990-MS, 2015. doi:10.2118/174990-MS
[14] AL-MOMIN A, ZHU D, HILL A D. The effects of initial condition of fracture surfaces, acid spending and acid type on conductivity of acid fracture[C]. OTC 24895,2014. doi:1969.1/151186
[15] LU Cong, BAI Xiang, LUO Yang, et al. New study of etching patterns of acid-fracture surfaces and relevant conductivity[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2017, 159:135-147. doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2017.09.025
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