南黄海夏季温盐年际变化时空模态与气候响应
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摘要
根据南黄海断面1977—2016年历年8月标准层温度、盐度与气候要素观测资料,采用时空分析等方法,分析了南黄海断面夏季温度、盐度年际时空变化与气候响应。断面温度主要有4种时空模态,夏季风生环流、冷水团强度、面积与断面冬季温度模态是主要温度模态年际变化的主要影响因素;夏季风生流场形态、春季PDO指数与断面冬季温度模态是次要温度模态年际变化的主要影响因素;温度模态时间分量均为准平衡态长期变化。断面盐度主要有4种时空模态,夏季苏北沿海低盐度水体、南黄海中部高盐度水体与夏季黄海风生流输送作用是盐度主要模态年际变化的主要影响因素;夏季南黄海降水量减少与风生流输送减弱是盐度次要模态年际变化的主要影响因素。盐度主要模态时间分量为准平衡态长期变化,次要模态时间分量存在显著线性低盐趋势变化。断面夏季温盐多年平均分布主要受到夏季多年平均风生环流影响。断面核心冷水团月平均温度为准平衡态长期变化;面积存在显著线性减小趋势,黄海风生流场季节与年际变化是南黄海核心冷水团年际变化主要影响因素,春季PDO指数对冷水团面积年际变化有显著非线性影响。断面冷水团、核心冷水团月平均盐度为显著线性低盐趋势周期年际变化。由于黄海温盐长期线性趋势变化,与30多年前状况相比,目前黄海温盐场季节循环时空变化形态可能已经发生显著改变。
Based on the temperature,salinity and the climate data on the South Yellow Sea section of August from1977 to 2016,the climate response and spatio-temporal modes on the interannual variation of summer temperature and salinity were studied statistically. The results showed that the interannual variation of temperature can be divided into 4 spatio-temporal modes. The wind-driven current,the strength and area of the cold water mass in summer and the temperature modes on the cross section in winter are the main factors affecting the interannual variation of the main temperature modes. The wind-driven current field in summer,the spring PDO index and temperature modes in winter section are the main factors affecting the interannual temperature variation in the secondary mode.The temporal component of the temperature mode is always a long periodic interannual variation in a quasi-equilibrium state. The interannual variation of salinity can be divided into 4 spatio-temporal modes. The low salinity water in northern Jiangsu coastal sea and the high salinity water in the Southern Yellow Sea and the wind-driven current transport effect in the Yellow Sea in summer are the main factors affecting the salinity mode of interannual variation.The decreased summer precipitation and the attenuated wind-driven current transfer in the Southern Yellow Sea are the main factors affecting the interannual variation of salinity in the secondary mode. The temporal component of the main salinity mode shows a long periodic interannual variation in a quasi-equilibrium state. The secondary salinity mode decreases linearly and significantly with interannual variation. The seasonal multi-year mean temperature and salinity distribution are mainly influenced by the wind-driven circulation in summer. The monthly mean temperature of the core cold water mass in the South Yellow Sea shows an interannual variation in a quasi-equilibrium state,and the area is in a remarkable trend of linear decreasing. The seasonal and interannual variations of the wind-driven current fields are the main factors affecting the interannual variation of the intensity and range of the core cold water mass in the South Yellow Sea. The spring PDO index has a significant nonlinear effect on the interannual variation of the area of cold water mass. The monthly mean salinities of cold water mass and core cold water mass on the South Yellow Sea section are characterized by significant interannual variation with linear low salinity trend. Compared the situation more than 30 years ago,the temporal and spatial variation of the seasonal temperature and salinity field cycle in the Yellow Sea may have changed significantly due to a long period of linear trend of temperature and salinity variations there.
Based on the temperature,salinity and the climate data on the South Yellow Sea section of August from1977 to 2016,the climate response and spatio-temporal modes on the interannual variation of summer temperature and salinity were studied statistically. The results showed that the interannual variation of temperature can be divided into 4 spatio-temporal modes. The wind-driven current,the strength and area of the cold water mass in summer and the temperature modes on the cross section in winter are the main factors affecting the interannual variation of the main temperature modes. The wind-driven current field in summer,the spring PDO index and temperature modes in winter section are the main factors affecting the interannual temperature variation in the secondary mode.The temporal component of the temperature mode is always a long periodic interannual variation in a quasi-equilibrium state. The interannual variation of salinity can be divided into 4 spatio-temporal modes. The low salinity water in northern Jiangsu coastal sea and the high salinity water in the Southern Yellow Sea and the wind-driven current transport effect in the Yellow Sea in summer are the main factors affecting the salinity mode of interannual variation.The decreased summer precipitation and the attenuated wind-driven current transfer in the Southern Yellow Sea are the main factors affecting the interannual variation of salinity in the secondary mode. The temporal component of the main salinity mode shows a long periodic interannual variation in a quasi-equilibrium state. The secondary salinity mode decreases linearly and significantly with interannual variation. The seasonal multi-year mean temperature and salinity distribution are mainly influenced by the wind-driven circulation in summer. The monthly mean temperature of the core cold water mass in the South Yellow Sea shows an interannual variation in a quasi-equilibrium state,and the area is in a remarkable trend of linear decreasing. The seasonal and interannual variations of the wind-driven current fields are the main factors affecting the interannual variation of the intensity and range of the core cold water mass in the South Yellow Sea. The spring PDO index has a significant nonlinear effect on the interannual variation of the area of cold water mass. The monthly mean salinities of cold water mass and core cold water mass on the South Yellow Sea section are characterized by significant interannual variation with linear low salinity trend. Compared the situation more than 30 years ago,the temporal and spatial variation of the seasonal temperature and salinity field cycle in the Yellow Sea may have changed significantly due to a long period of linear trend of temperature and salinity variations there.
引文
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[14]石强.南黄海冬季温盐年际变化时空模态与气候响应[J].海洋通报,2014,33(2):148-162.
[15]石强.北黄海冬季温盐年际变化时空模态与气候响应[J].海洋通报,2013,32(6):633-640.
[16]石强.北黄海夏季温盐年际变化时空模态与气候响应[J].应用海洋学学报,2016,35(4):469-483.
[17]石强.北黄海夏季溶解氧与表观耗氧量年际变化时空模态[J].应用海洋学学报,2018,37(1):9-25.
[18]石强.黄海月平均风、气压、气温场季节与年际变化时空模态[J].应用海洋学学报,2017,36(4):487-499.
[19]石强.渤、黄海月平均风生流场季节循环时空模态与变异[J].应用海洋学学报,2018,37(4):480-495.
[20]石强.渤、黄海冬、夏季节风生流场年际变化时空模态与环流变异[J].应用海洋学学报,2019,38(1):93-108.
[21]国家海洋局.海洋调查规范第2部分:海洋水文观测:GB/T 12763. 2—2007[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007:1-35.
[22]石强.黄海溶解氧含量场季节循环时空模态与机制[J].应用海洋学学报,2016,35(1):1-14.
[23]石强.黄海表观耗氧量场季节循环时空模态与机制[J].应用海洋学学报,2016,35(3):311-328.
[2]苏纪兰.中国近海的环流动力机制研究[J].海洋学报,2001,23(3):1-16.
[3]周锋,苏纪兰,黄大吉.春夏季南黄海西部沿岸低盐水人侵温跃层现象的研究[J].海洋学报,2004,26(5):34-44.
[4]张以恳,杨玉玲.夏季北黄海冷水团多年变化特征分析[J].海洋预报,1996,13(4):15-21.
[5]丁宗信.黄海、东海夏季温、盐度逆转结构分布及其成因的初步分析[J].海洋科学集刊,1994,35:11-21.
[6]汤毓祥,邹娥梅,李兴宰,等.南黄海环流的著于特征[J].海洋学报,2000,22(1):1-16.
[7]邹娥梅,郭炳火,汤毓祥,等.南黄海及东海北部夏季若干水文特征和环流的分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2001,32(3):340-348.
[8]任慧军,詹杰民.黄海冷水团的季节变化特征及其形成机制研究[J].水动力学研究与进展A辑,2005,20(s1):887-896.
[9]翁学传,张以恳,王丛敏,等.黄海冷水团的变化特征[J].海洋与湖沼,1988,19(4):368-379.
[10]石强.黄海温度场季节循环时空模态与机制[J].海洋湖沼通报,2014(3):29-38.
[11]石强.黄海盐度场季节循环时空模态与机制[J].海洋湖沼通报,2014(4):112-120.
[12] HU D X,WANG Q Y. Interannual variability of the southern Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass[J]. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2004,22(3):231-236.
[13] BAI H,HU D X,CHEN Y L,et al. Statistic characteristics of thermal structure in the southern Yellow Sea in summer[J]. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2004,22(3):237-243.
[14]石强.南黄海冬季温盐年际变化时空模态与气候响应[J].海洋通报,2014,33(2):148-162.
[15]石强.北黄海冬季温盐年际变化时空模态与气候响应[J].海洋通报,2013,32(6):633-640.
[16]石强.北黄海夏季温盐年际变化时空模态与气候响应[J].应用海洋学学报,2016,35(4):469-483.
[17]石强.北黄海夏季溶解氧与表观耗氧量年际变化时空模态[J].应用海洋学学报,2018,37(1):9-25.
[18]石强.黄海月平均风、气压、气温场季节与年际变化时空模态[J].应用海洋学学报,2017,36(4):487-499.
[19]石强.渤、黄海月平均风生流场季节循环时空模态与变异[J].应用海洋学学报,2018,37(4):480-495.
[20]石强.渤、黄海冬、夏季节风生流场年际变化时空模态与环流变异[J].应用海洋学学报,2019,38(1):93-108.
[21]国家海洋局.海洋调查规范第2部分:海洋水文观测:GB/T 12763. 2—2007[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007:1-35.
[22]石强.黄海溶解氧含量场季节循环时空模态与机制[J].应用海洋学学报,2016,35(1):1-14.
[23]石强.黄海表观耗氧量场季节循环时空模态与机制[J].应用海洋学学报,2016,35(3):311-328.
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