饲粮锌添加水平对生长獭兔生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质、毛皮质量及氮代谢的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮锌添加水平对生长獭兔生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质、毛皮质量及氮代谢的影响。选用初始体重相近、健康状况良好的3月龄獭兔160只,随机分为4个组,每组40个重复,每个重复1只。各组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0、40、80、120 mg/kg锌(以硫酸锌的形式)的试验饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期49 d。结果表明:1)饲粮锌添加水平对生长獭兔的末期体重(FBW)、平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)和料重比(F/G)均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)饲粮锌添加水平对生长獭兔的全净膛率、背腰肌率以及肌肉品质指标中的pH、肉色的亮度和红度值均无显著影响(P>0.05),对前腿肌率和肌肉黄度值有显著影响(P<0.05),对后腿肌率和失水率有极显著影响(P<0.01)。3)饲粮锌添加水平对生长獭兔的毛皮重量无显著影响(P>0.05),对皮张面积有极显著影响(P<0.01),对皮板厚度和被毛长度均有显著影响(P<0.05)。4)饲粮锌添加水平对生长獭兔的尿氮(UN)、沉积氮(RN)、氮利用率(NUR)和氮生物学效价(NBV)均有显著影响(P<0.05)。综合本试验测定指标,3～5月龄生长獭兔饲粮适宜的锌添加水平为40 mg/kg(饲粮中锌的实测值为49.4 mg/kg)。
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary zinc supplemental level on growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality,fur quality and nitrogen metabolism of growing Rex rabbits. A total of 160 healthy 3-month-old with similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 40 replicates in each group and 1 rabbit in each replicate. Rabbits in 4 groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 0,40,80 and 120 mg/kg zinc( in the form of zinc sulfate),respectively. The pre-experimental period lasted for 7 days,and the experimental period lasted for 49 days. The results showed as follows: 1) dietary zinc supplemental levels had no significant influence on final body weight( FBW),average daily feed intake( ADFI),average daily gain( ADG) and feed to gain ratio( F/G) of growing Rex rabbits( P>0.05). 2) Dietary zinc supplemental levels had no significant influence on eviscerated ratio,back lumbar muscle ratio and muscle quality indices including pH and meat color( brightness and redness values) of growing Rex rabbits( P>0.05),but had significant influences on front leg muscle ratio and muscle yellowness value( P<0.05),and had extremely significant influence on hind leg muscle ratio and drip loss ratio( P< 0.01). 3) Dietary zinc supplemental levels had no significant influence on fur weight of growing Rex rabbits( P>0.05),but had extremely significant influence on fur area( P<0.01),and had significant influence on fur thickness and fur length( P<0.05). 4) Dietary zinc supplemental levels had significant influence on urinary nitrogen( UN),retention nitrogen( RN),nitrogen utilization rate( NUR) and nitrogen biological value( NBV) of growing Rex rabbits( P<0.05). Considering all indexes of this experiment,the appropriate dietary zinc supplemental level is 40 mg/kg( the diet zinc measured value is 49.4 mg/kg) for 3 to 5-month-old growing Rex rabbits.
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary zinc supplemental level on growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality,fur quality and nitrogen metabolism of growing Rex rabbits. A total of 160 healthy 3-month-old with similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 40 replicates in each group and 1 rabbit in each replicate. Rabbits in 4 groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 0,40,80 and 120 mg/kg zinc( in the form of zinc sulfate),respectively. The pre-experimental period lasted for 7 days,and the experimental period lasted for 49 days. The results showed as follows: 1) dietary zinc supplemental levels had no significant influence on final body weight( FBW),average daily feed intake( ADFI),average daily gain( ADG) and feed to gain ratio( F/G) of growing Rex rabbits( P>0.05). 2) Dietary zinc supplemental levels had no significant influence on eviscerated ratio,back lumbar muscle ratio and muscle quality indices including pH and meat color( brightness and redness values) of growing Rex rabbits( P>0.05),but had significant influences on front leg muscle ratio and muscle yellowness value( P<0.05),and had extremely significant influence on hind leg muscle ratio and drip loss ratio( P< 0.01). 3) Dietary zinc supplemental levels had no significant influence on fur weight of growing Rex rabbits( P>0.05),but had extremely significant influence on fur area( P<0.01),and had significant influence on fur thickness and fur length( P<0.05). 4) Dietary zinc supplemental levels had significant influence on urinary nitrogen( UN),retention nitrogen( RN),nitrogen utilization rate( NUR) and nitrogen biological value( NBV) of growing Rex rabbits( P<0.05). Considering all indexes of this experiment,the appropriate dietary zinc supplemental level is 40 mg/kg( the diet zinc measured value is 49.4 mg/kg) for 3 to 5-month-old growing Rex rabbits.
引文
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[8]吴峰洋,陈宝江,李冲,等.饲粮魔芋甘露寡糖添加水平对生长獭兔生长性能、毛皮质量、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(4):1265-1271.
[9]王建桥,范益飞,马建胜.慈溪市獭兔生产现状及发展思路调查[J].浙江畜牧兽医,2003,28(4):15-16.
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[11]李冰.獭兔毛囊发育规律及不同被毛密度獭兔皮肤组织差异基因的筛选[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2014:1-4.
[12]张福勋.獭兔毛皮质量与取皮时间的相关性研究[J].当代畜牧,2005(6):4-6.
[13]AHMED B M,ASHOUR A M.Protein quality and amino acid requirement of Baladi rabbits[J].World Review of Animal Production,1984,55:58-60.
[2]张春善.动物必需微量元素营养学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007:116-136.
[3]黄玉德.日粮中添加蛋氨酸锌饲喂肉兔试验[J].饲料工业,1995,16(5):31.
[4]NRC.Nutrient requirements of rabbits[M].2nd ed.Washington,D.C.:The National Academies Press,1977.
[5]DE BLAS C,MATEOS G G.The nutrition of the rabbit[M].New York:CABI Publishing,1998:297-308.
[6]李福昌.家兔营养饲料研究进展[J].饲料与畜牧(新饲料),2009(4):5-8.
[7]王辉,张柯,林超,等.獭兔营养需要研究进展[J].饲料研究,2011(11):56-58.
[8]吴峰洋,陈宝江,李冲,等.饲粮魔芋甘露寡糖添加水平对生长獭兔生长性能、毛皮质量、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(4):1265-1271.
[9]王建桥,范益飞,马建胜.慈溪市獭兔生产现状及发展思路调查[J].浙江畜牧兽医,2003,28(4):15-16.
[10]赵明夫.肉质评价的指标[J].养殖技术顾问,2012(5):279.
[11]李冰.獭兔毛囊发育规律及不同被毛密度獭兔皮肤组织差异基因的筛选[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2014:1-4.
[12]张福勋.獭兔毛皮质量与取皮时间的相关性研究[J].当代畜牧,2005(6):4-6.
[13]AHMED B M,ASHOUR A M.Protein quality and amino acid requirement of Baladi rabbits[J].World Review of Animal Production,1984,55:58-60.