辽宁阜新花生产区昆虫群落结构及多样性分析
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摘要
花生是辽宁省主要油料作物,在长期的种植过程中花生田形成了相对稳定的昆虫群落结构。为阐明辽宁阜新花生田昆虫群落结构及多样性,于2014年6月-2015年9月采用马来氏网对阜新地区花生田昆虫群落结构进行调查分析。结果表明:全年共获得昆虫样本30958头,分属于14目、129科。其中膜翅目以姬蜂科为主,鞘翅目以叶甲科为主,半翅目以叶蝉科为主,双翅目以潜蝇科为主,鳞翅目以菜蛾科为主,缨翅目以蓟马科为主。危害花生的主要有蚜科、叶蝉科、潜蝇科、夜蛾科。从多样性分析结果来看,该地区花生田昆虫群落结构的多样性指数和均匀度指数基本保持稳定,丰富度和丰盛度均呈先上升后下降的趋势,说明阜新花生田昆虫群落具有较高稳定性。
Peanut is the main oil crop in Liaoning province,and the peanut field has formed a relatively stable insect community structure during the long-term cultivating process.To clarify the structure and diversity of insect community in peanut field in Fuxin,the insect community structure of peanut field was investigated using malaise trapping from June 2014 to June 2015.A total of 30,958 insects from 14 orders and 129 families were collected throughout the year.Among them,the Hymenopterais mainly the Ichneumonidae,the Coleopterais mainly the Chrysomelidae,the Hemipterais mainly the Leafhoppers,the Dipterais mainly the Agromyza,the Lepidopterais mainly the Plutellidae;the Thysanopterais mainly the Thripidae.The Aphididae,Leafhoppers,Agromyza,Noctuidae was harmful to peanuts.The results of diversity analysis showed that,the diversityand evenness indices remained stable in peanut field,the richness and abundance indices increased and then decreased.These results indicated that the insect community structure in Fuxin peanut field had high stability.
Peanut is the main oil crop in Liaoning province,and the peanut field has formed a relatively stable insect community structure during the long-term cultivating process.To clarify the structure and diversity of insect community in peanut field in Fuxin,the insect community structure of peanut field was investigated using malaise trapping from June 2014 to June 2015.A total of 30,958 insects from 14 orders and 129 families were collected throughout the year.Among them,the Hymenopterais mainly the Ichneumonidae,the Coleopterais mainly the Chrysomelidae,the Hemipterais mainly the Leafhoppers,the Dipterais mainly the Agromyza,the Lepidopterais mainly the Plutellidae;the Thysanopterais mainly the Thripidae.The Aphididae,Leafhoppers,Agromyza,Noctuidae was harmful to peanuts.The results of diversity analysis showed that,the diversityand evenness indices remained stable in peanut field,the richness and abundance indices increased and then decreased.These results indicated that the insect community structure in Fuxin peanut field had high stability.
引文
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[5]韩争伟,曹传旺,张静,等.太湖湿地昆虫群落结构及多样性[J].生态学报,2013,33(14):4387-4397.
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[8]黄欣.乌海市绿地植物多样性研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[9]赵海燕,秦双,吉训聪,等.海南茄子田昆虫群落结构与时序动态[J].中国植保导刊,2015(12):9-15.
[10]杨慧利,胡微蕾,谢婷婷,等.浙江大明山山核桃种植园昆虫种类资源调查初报[J].浙江农业科学,2016,57(9):1462-1466.
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[14]徐秀娟.中国花生病虫草鼠害[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009.
[15]曲明静.花生蛴螬生物防治[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2014.
[16]张淑莲,张锋,陈志杰,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植被恢复类型昆虫群落结构及多样性的研究[J].西北植物学报,2005(7):1323-1328.
[17]董文霞,张钟宁,李生才,等.不同棉田昆虫群落的比较研究[J].昆虫知识,2001(2):112-116.
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