汉江上游翘嘴鳜年龄鉴定及其生长性能和血液生理生化指标的分析
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摘要
为了预测翘嘴鳜(Siniperca chuasti)的生长趋势并选育出生长性能和体质状况良好的翘嘴鳜亲本,对汉江上游不同体型规格的野生和人工养殖翘嘴鳜的年龄、体长(L)、鳃盖骨长(R)、体质量(W)、相对生长率和血液生理生化指标进行测定和对比分析。结果表明:汉江上游野生翘嘴鳜的年龄主要为1～3龄,人工养殖翘嘴鳜为1～2龄。野生翘嘴鳜体长与鳃盖骨长的回归方程为L=12.953R+3.314 2(R~2=0.820 5),其体长与体质量的回归方程为W=3.96×10~(-2)L~(2.757 7)(R~2=0.951 2),呈幂函数关系,为等速生长型。汉江上游野生翘嘴鳜1～2龄生长较快,其相对生长率和生长指标达到0.259和4.972,2～3龄为0.158和3.984,生长趋于缓慢;人工养殖翘嘴鳜1～2龄的相对生长率和生长指标为0.152和3.678,均低于野生翘嘴鳜。汉江上游野生翘嘴鳜的尿酸和总胆固醇含量分别为324.67μmol/L和4.90 mmol/L,极显著低于人工养殖翘嘴鳜,而肌酐含量为13.50μmol/L,显著低于人工养殖翘嘴鳜。因此,汉江上游野生翘嘴鳜的生长性能和血液生理生化指标均比当地人工养殖的翘嘴鳜更优良,能够被选作亲本进行培育和人工繁殖,为汉江上游翘嘴鳜的规模化养殖奠定基础。
In order to predict the growth trend of mandarin fish(Siniperca chuasti) and breed its parents with good growth characteristics and physical condition,we measured and compared the age,body length(L),gill cap length(R),body mass(W),relative growth rate,blood physiological and biochemical indexes of wild and artificial-cultured S.chuatsi with different body sizes in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River.The results showed that the range of ages for wild S.chuatsi in the upper stream of Hanjiang River was 1—3,and 1—2 for artificial-cultured S.chuatsi.The equation between body length and length of operculum bone for wild S.chuatsi was L=12.953R+3.314 2(R~2=0.820 5),whereas the equation between body length and body mass for wild S.chuatsi was W=3.96×10~(-2)L~(2.757 7)(R~2=0.951 2),which indicated that wild S.chuatsi population grew evenly each year and had a power function relationship.Wild S.chuatsi specimen aged 1—2 grew faster than the ones aged 2—3,with the relative growth rate and growth index for age 1—2 were 0.259 and 4.972,for age 2—3 were 0.158 and 3.984 and the growth tended to be slow.The relative growth rate and growth index of artificial-cultured S.chuatsi aged 1—2 were 0.152 and 3.678,which were lower than wild S.chuatsi.The concentrations of uric acid and total cholesterol for wild S.chuatsi were 324.67 μmol/L and 4.90 mmol/L respectively,which were extremely significantly lower than thoes for artificial-cultured S.chuatsi.The concentration of creatinine for wild S.chuatsi,13.50 μmol/L,was also significantly lower than that for artificial-cultured S.chuatsi.In brief,it can be concluded that the wild S.chuatsi exhibits the better growth characteristics and blood physiological and biochemical indexes compared to the artificial-cultured ones.Consequently,the wild S.chuatsi population from the upper stream of Hanjiang River could be used for parent resource and artificial breeding to lay the foundation for the large-scale farming of S.chuatsi in the upper stream of Hanjiang River.
In order to predict the growth trend of mandarin fish(Siniperca chuasti) and breed its parents with good growth characteristics and physical condition,we measured and compared the age,body length(L),gill cap length(R),body mass(W),relative growth rate,blood physiological and biochemical indexes of wild and artificial-cultured S.chuatsi with different body sizes in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River.The results showed that the range of ages for wild S.chuatsi in the upper stream of Hanjiang River was 1—3,and 1—2 for artificial-cultured S.chuatsi.The equation between body length and length of operculum bone for wild S.chuatsi was L=12.953R+3.314 2(R~2=0.820 5),whereas the equation between body length and body mass for wild S.chuatsi was W=3.96×10~(-2)L~(2.757 7)(R~2=0.951 2),which indicated that wild S.chuatsi population grew evenly each year and had a power function relationship.Wild S.chuatsi specimen aged 1—2 grew faster than the ones aged 2—3,with the relative growth rate and growth index for age 1—2 were 0.259 and 4.972,for age 2—3 were 0.158 and 3.984 and the growth tended to be slow.The relative growth rate and growth index of artificial-cultured S.chuatsi aged 1—2 were 0.152 and 3.678,which were lower than wild S.chuatsi.The concentrations of uric acid and total cholesterol for wild S.chuatsi were 324.67 μmol/L and 4.90 mmol/L respectively,which were extremely significantly lower than thoes for artificial-cultured S.chuatsi.The concentration of creatinine for wild S.chuatsi,13.50 μmol/L,was also significantly lower than that for artificial-cultured S.chuatsi.In brief,it can be concluded that the wild S.chuatsi exhibits the better growth characteristics and blood physiological and biochemical indexes compared to the artificial-cultured ones.Consequently,the wild S.chuatsi population from the upper stream of Hanjiang River could be used for parent resource and artificial breeding to lay the foundation for the large-scale farming of S.chuatsi in the upper stream of Hanjiang River.
引文
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[3] 陈军,郑文彪,伍育源,等.鳜鱼和大眼鳜鱼年龄生长和繁殖力的比较研究[J].华南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2003,47(1):110-114.
[4] 严安生,熊传喜,钱健旺,等.鳜鱼含肉率及鱼肉营养价值的研究[J].华中农业大学学报,1995,14(1):80-84.
[5] 李燕,史建华,李永强,等.翘嘴鳜、斑鳜和杂交鳜鱼体营养成分和氨基酸、脂肪酸组成的比较分析[J].水产科技情报,2015,42(9):246-250.
[6] 符争.汉江上游流域(陕西段)翘嘴鳜胚胎发育及苗种培育技术研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017.
[7] 毛明博.安康瀛湖鳜鱼大面积死亡鱼两鳃出现斑点和腐烂[EB/OL].[2012-11-11].http://news.cnwest.com/content/2012-11/11/content_7641338.htm.
[8] 中国水产养殖网.陕西安康:瀛湖鳜鱼再次大面积死亡渔民希望专家能长期驻扎指导[EB/OL].[2013-12-26].http://www.ggsgg.com/news/90789.shtml.
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[10] 李明锋.鳜鱼生物学研究进展[J].现代渔业信息,2010,25(7):16-21.
[11] 谢从新.三道河水库大眼鳜的年龄和生长[J].水利渔业,1995,14(1):12-15.
[12] 刘凌志,李桂峰,陈石娟,等.广西龟石水库大眼鳜的年龄与生长特征[J].中国水产科学,2012,19(2):229-236.
[13] 吴立新,姜志强,秦克静,等.碧流河水库斑鳜年龄和生长的研究[J].大连水产学院学报,1996(2):32-40.
[14] 庄龙传,叶振江,李军.青岛近海许氏平鲉年龄与生长特性的研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2015,45(8):32-37.
[15] 吉红,单世涛,曹福余,等.安康瀛湖库区网箱不投饵养殖匙吻鲟的周年生长[J].陕西农业科学,2010,56(1):94-96.
[16] 王乾,梁旭方,刘奕鸿,等.摄食水平对翘嘴鳜幼鱼体组成、生长、排粪、排泄及氮收支的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2013,32(5):89-94.
[17] 刘希良,宾石玉,王开卓,等.翘嘴鳜的人工繁殖与胚胎发育观察[J].广西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2013,31(2):100-106.
[18] 周玉,郭文场,杨振国.鱼类血液学指标研究的进展[J].上海水产大学学报,2001,10(2):163-165.
[19] 方展强,陈军,郑文彪,等.鳜养殖群体与野生群体血液指标分析[C]//中国水产学会.中国水产学会2003年学术年会论文汇编.北京:[出版者不详],2003:88-92.
[20] 许晶成,曹翠禾.湖泊围养鱼类血液学指标的初步研究[J].水产学报,1989,13(4):346-352.
[21] 高庆.中草药添加剂对动物生产性能的初步研究[D].成都:四川大学,2006.
[22] 刘颖,乔伟亮,魏东.黑鲷血清生化指标研究[J].现代农业科技,2010,38(16):307-309.
[23] PANDA S,BABU L K,PANDA A K,et al.Effect of dietary supplementation of fermented fish silage on serum biochemical parameters of broiler Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) [J].Vet World,2017,10(4):380-385.
[24] NOFOUZI K,SHEIKHZADEH N,VARSHOIE H,et al.Beneficial effects of killed Tsukamurella inchonensis on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) growth,intestinal histology,immunological,and biochemical parameters[J/OL].Fish Physiol Biochem,2018.https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10695-018-0555-4.
[25] 符路娣,郑文彪,伍育源.养殖鳜鱼营养成分和血液生化指标的初步研究[J].华南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2000,44(4):107-111.
[26] 岳晓烔,代应贵,尹邦一.沅江水系稀有白甲鱼血液生化指标的测定[J].广东农业科学,2012,38(19):160-162.
[27] 徐万土,龚佳男,谢海军.鮸鱼血液生理生化指标分析[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),2014, 27(3):28-31.
[28] 常青,熊邦喜,龙良启.池养鳗鲡血液生化成分分析[J].水利渔业,1997,92(5):16-18.
[29] 陈振胜,金宏伟,黄回滨,等.α-羟丁酸脱氢酶与乳酸脱氢酶比值的临床意义[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2005,21(7):751-752.
[30] 李茂,字学娟,徐铁山,等.木薯叶粉对鹅生长性能和血液生理生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(10):3168-3174.
[31] 余红卫,薛良义.加州鲈血液生理生化指标的测定[J].水利渔业,2004,24(4):41-42.
[32] 陈洁,熊邦喜,顾钱洪,等.内源及外源因子对鱼类血液生理生化指标的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2011,56(9):1861-1865.
[2] 李达,杨春,徐光龙,等.鄱阳湖鳜鱼的生物学[J].江西农业学报,1998,9(4):15-23.
[3] 陈军,郑文彪,伍育源,等.鳜鱼和大眼鳜鱼年龄生长和繁殖力的比较研究[J].华南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2003,47(1):110-114.
[4] 严安生,熊传喜,钱健旺,等.鳜鱼含肉率及鱼肉营养价值的研究[J].华中农业大学学报,1995,14(1):80-84.
[5] 李燕,史建华,李永强,等.翘嘴鳜、斑鳜和杂交鳜鱼体营养成分和氨基酸、脂肪酸组成的比较分析[J].水产科技情报,2015,42(9):246-250.
[6] 符争.汉江上游流域(陕西段)翘嘴鳜胚胎发育及苗种培育技术研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017.
[7] 毛明博.安康瀛湖鳜鱼大面积死亡鱼两鳃出现斑点和腐烂[EB/OL].[2012-11-11].http://news.cnwest.com/content/2012-11/11/content_7641338.htm.
[8] 中国水产养殖网.陕西安康:瀛湖鳜鱼再次大面积死亡渔民希望专家能长期驻扎指导[EB/OL].[2013-12-26].http://www.ggsgg.com/news/90789.shtml.
[9] RICKER W E.Computation and interpretation of biological statistics of fish populations[J].J Fish Res Board Can Suppl,1975,2:519-529.
[10] 李明锋.鳜鱼生物学研究进展[J].现代渔业信息,2010,25(7):16-21.
[11] 谢从新.三道河水库大眼鳜的年龄和生长[J].水利渔业,1995,14(1):12-15.
[12] 刘凌志,李桂峰,陈石娟,等.广西龟石水库大眼鳜的年龄与生长特征[J].中国水产科学,2012,19(2):229-236.
[13] 吴立新,姜志强,秦克静,等.碧流河水库斑鳜年龄和生长的研究[J].大连水产学院学报,1996(2):32-40.
[14] 庄龙传,叶振江,李军.青岛近海许氏平鲉年龄与生长特性的研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2015,45(8):32-37.
[15] 吉红,单世涛,曹福余,等.安康瀛湖库区网箱不投饵养殖匙吻鲟的周年生长[J].陕西农业科学,2010,56(1):94-96.
[16] 王乾,梁旭方,刘奕鸿,等.摄食水平对翘嘴鳜幼鱼体组成、生长、排粪、排泄及氮收支的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2013,32(5):89-94.
[17] 刘希良,宾石玉,王开卓,等.翘嘴鳜的人工繁殖与胚胎发育观察[J].广西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2013,31(2):100-106.
[18] 周玉,郭文场,杨振国.鱼类血液学指标研究的进展[J].上海水产大学学报,2001,10(2):163-165.
[19] 方展强,陈军,郑文彪,等.鳜养殖群体与野生群体血液指标分析[C]//中国水产学会.中国水产学会2003年学术年会论文汇编.北京:[出版者不详],2003:88-92.
[20] 许晶成,曹翠禾.湖泊围养鱼类血液学指标的初步研究[J].水产学报,1989,13(4):346-352.
[21] 高庆.中草药添加剂对动物生产性能的初步研究[D].成都:四川大学,2006.
[22] 刘颖,乔伟亮,魏东.黑鲷血清生化指标研究[J].现代农业科技,2010,38(16):307-309.
[23] PANDA S,BABU L K,PANDA A K,et al.Effect of dietary supplementation of fermented fish silage on serum biochemical parameters of broiler Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) [J].Vet World,2017,10(4):380-385.
[24] NOFOUZI K,SHEIKHZADEH N,VARSHOIE H,et al.Beneficial effects of killed Tsukamurella inchonensis on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) growth,intestinal histology,immunological,and biochemical parameters[J/OL].Fish Physiol Biochem,2018.https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10695-018-0555-4.
[25] 符路娣,郑文彪,伍育源.养殖鳜鱼营养成分和血液生化指标的初步研究[J].华南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2000,44(4):107-111.
[26] 岳晓烔,代应贵,尹邦一.沅江水系稀有白甲鱼血液生化指标的测定[J].广东农业科学,2012,38(19):160-162.
[27] 徐万土,龚佳男,谢海军.鮸鱼血液生理生化指标分析[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),2014, 27(3):28-31.
[28] 常青,熊邦喜,龙良启.池养鳗鲡血液生化成分分析[J].水利渔业,1997,92(5):16-18.
[29] 陈振胜,金宏伟,黄回滨,等.α-羟丁酸脱氢酶与乳酸脱氢酶比值的临床意义[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2005,21(7):751-752.
[30] 李茂,字学娟,徐铁山,等.木薯叶粉对鹅生长性能和血液生理生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(10):3168-3174.
[31] 余红卫,薛良义.加州鲈血液生理生化指标的测定[J].水利渔业,2004,24(4):41-42.
[32] 陈洁,熊邦喜,顾钱洪,等.内源及外源因子对鱼类血液生理生化指标的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2011,56(9):1861-1865.
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