中国煤层气产业发展障碍及其对策
|
摘要
受全球经济增长速度放缓、能源价格低迷等诸多因素的影响,中国煤层气(煤矿瓦斯)年度抽采量及其增量的增长速度均放缓。为了加快煤层气产业发展步伐、夯实煤矿安全生产基础、推进我国能源生产和消费革命,从全球视野和大能源的角度分析了我国煤层气产业的发展资源、技术、市场条件及发展环境,剖析了制约我国煤层气产业发展的障碍,探讨了加快我国煤层气产业发展的对策。研究结果表明:①国内外宏观经济下行的大环境一定程度上导致了我国煤层气资源勘探、产能建设投资锐减;②煤层气产业发展受到政策激励效应弱化、产业缺乏投融资政策、地方政府积极性不高以及土地征用难、赔青不透明等外部因素的制约;③煤层气产业受到工程质量低下、开发项目经济效益不佳以及资源欠佳且技术移植难等来自产业内部的磕绊。结论认为:科学制定产业发展模式、理顺资源监管体制机制、搭建优质的政府服务平台、适时加强政策扶持力度以及调动地方政府的积极性,能够有效清除我国煤层气产业发展的障碍,加快煤层气产业发展的步伐。
Affected by many factors such as downturns of global economic growth, slump in energy prices, etc., the growing speed of annual CBM(coal mine gas) gas production volume and its increment is slowing down in China. In order to speed up the CBM industry development, consolidate the foundation of safety production in coal mines, and promote energy production and consumption revolution in China, we analyzed, from global and big energy perspectives, the sources, technologies, market conditions and environment involved in CBM industry in China, discussed in detail the obstacles to development, and presented the corresponding countermeasures. The following findings were achieved.(1) The macro-economic downward environment at home and abroad leads to the sharp decline of investment in resource exploration and capacity building in the CBM industry development.(2) Many external factors restricting the CBM industry development include the weakening effect of policy incentives, the lack of investment and financing policies, low initiative of local government, difficulty in land expropriation, opaque compensation for green policy, and so on.(3) The CBM industry development is also restricted by such internal factors such as low quality engineering, bad economic benefits of development projects, poor resources and difficult technology transfer, and so on. The proposals were thus presented as follows: establishing industrial development models in a scientific way, straightening out the system and mechanism of resource supervision, building a high-quality government service platform,improving policy support in a timely way, and mobilizing the enthusiasm of local governments.
Affected by many factors such as downturns of global economic growth, slump in energy prices, etc., the growing speed of annual CBM(coal mine gas) gas production volume and its increment is slowing down in China. In order to speed up the CBM industry development, consolidate the foundation of safety production in coal mines, and promote energy production and consumption revolution in China, we analyzed, from global and big energy perspectives, the sources, technologies, market conditions and environment involved in CBM industry in China, discussed in detail the obstacles to development, and presented the corresponding countermeasures. The following findings were achieved.(1) The macro-economic downward environment at home and abroad leads to the sharp decline of investment in resource exploration and capacity building in the CBM industry development.(2) Many external factors restricting the CBM industry development include the weakening effect of policy incentives, the lack of investment and financing policies, low initiative of local government, difficulty in land expropriation, opaque compensation for green policy, and so on.(3) The CBM industry development is also restricted by such internal factors such as low quality engineering, bad economic benefits of development projects, poor resources and difficult technology transfer, and so on. The proposals were thus presented as follows: establishing industrial development models in a scientific way, straightening out the system and mechanism of resource supervision, building a high-quality government service platform,improving policy support in a timely way, and mobilizing the enthusiasm of local governments.
引文
[1]张遂安.煤层气产业“十三五”规划战略思考[N].中国电力报,2015-06-13(001).Zhang Sui'an.Strategic thinking on the"The Thirteenth FiveYear Plan"of coalbed methane industry[N].China Electric Power News,2015-06-13(001).
[2]樊劭.煤层气(煤矿瓦斯)抽采技术发展现状及趋势[J].中国煤层气,2017,14(3):37-39.Fan Shao.The development status and trends of coalbed methane(coal mine methane)extraction technology[J].China Coalbed Methane,2017,14(3):37-39.
[3]Caporin M&Fontini F.The long-run oil-natural gas price relationship and the shale gas revolution[J].Energy Economics,2015(3):1-7.
[4]朱庆忠,杨延辉,左银卿,张学英,张俊杰,宋洋,等.中国煤层气开发存在的问题及破解思路[J].天然气工业,2018,38(4):96-100.Zhu Qingzhong,Yang Yanhui,Zuo Yinqing,Zhang Xueying,Zhang Junjie,Song Yang,et al.CBM development in China:Challenges and solutions[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(4):96-100.
[5]穆福元,王红岩,吴京桐,孙斌.中国煤层气开发实践与建议[J].天然气工业,2018,38(9):55-60.Mu Fuyuan,Wang Hongyan,Wu Jingtong&Sun Bin.Practice of and suggestions on CBM development in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(9):55-60.
[6]张夏,焦海滨,赵祉友,蔡媛,张遂安.加快我国煤层气产业发展的财政金融政策研究[J].中国物价,2015(5):61-63.Zhang Xia,Jiao Haibin,Zhao Zhiyou,Cai Yuan&Zhang Sui'an.Research on fiscal and financial policies to accelerate the development of China's CBM industry[J].China Price,2015(5):61-63.
[7]罗平亚.关于大幅度提高我国煤层气井单井产量的探讨[J].天然气工业,2013,33(6):1-6.Luo Pingya.A discussion on how to significantly improve the single well productivity of CBM gas wells in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(6):1-6.
[8]孔令峰,栾向阳,杜敏,尚树林,孔梓拯.典型区块煤层气地面开发项目经济性分析及国内煤层气可持续发展政策探讨[J].天然气工业,2017,37(3):116-126.Kong Lingfeng,Luan Xiangyang,Du Min,Shang Shulin&Kong Zizheng.Economic analysis of CBM ground development projects of typical exploration blocks and discussion on support policies for CBM sustainable development in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(3):116-126.
[9]张遂安,袁玉,孟凡圆.我国煤层气开发技术进展[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(5):1-5.Zhang Sui'an,Yuan Yu&Meng Fanyuan.Progress on coalbed methane development technology in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(5):1-5.
[10]叶建平,吴建光,房超,吴见,熊德华.沁南潘河煤层气田区域地质特征与煤储层特征及其对产能的影响[J].天然气工业,2011,31(5):16-20.Ye Jianping,Wu Jianguang,Fang Chao,Wu Jian&Xiong Dehua.Regional geological and reservoir characteristics of the Panhe CBM Gas Field in the southern Qinshui Basin and their influence on CBM gas production capacity[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(5):16-20.
[11]秦勇,袁亮,胡千庭,叶建平,胡爱梅,申宝宏,等.我国煤层气勘探与开发技术现状及发展方向[J].煤炭科学技术,2012,40(10):1-6.Qin Yong,Yuan Liang,Hu Qianting,Ye Jianping,Hu Aimei,Shen Baohong,et al.Status and development orientation of coalbed methane exploration and development technology in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2012,40(10):1-6.
[12]张遂安.煤层气资源特点与开发模式[J].煤田地质与勘探,2007,35(4):27-30.Zhang Sui'an.Features and development model of coalbed methane resources[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2007,35(4):27-30.
[13]张遂安.采煤采气一体化理论与实践[J].中国煤层气,2006,3(4):14-16.Zhang Sui'an.Theory and practice of integrated coal mining and gas extraction[J].China Coalbed Methane,2006,3(4):14-16.
[14]常宇豪,张遂安.中国煤层气法律规制的回顾与反思[J].西南石油大学学报(社会科学版),2017,19(5):1-9.Chang Yuhao&Zhang Sui'an.Reflections on legal regulation on CBM in China[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Social Sciences Edition),2017,19(5):1-9.
[15]门相勇,韩征,宫厚健,王彧嫣.新形势下中国煤层气勘探开发面临的挑战与机遇[J].天然气工业,2018,38(9):10-16.Men Xiangyong,Han Zheng,Gong Houjian&Wang Yuyan.Challenges and opportunities of CBM exploration and development in China under new situations[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(9):10-16.
[16]国家能源局.关于印发煤层气勘探开发行动计划的通知[EB/OL].(2015-02-03)[2018-11-4].http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/auto85/201502/t20150216_1890.htm.National Energy Administration.Notice on printing and developing CBM exploration and development action plan[EB/OL].(2015-2-03)[2018-11-4].http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/auto85/201502/t20150216_1890.htm.
[17]国务院办公厅.关于进一步加快煤层气(煤矿瓦斯)抽采利用的意见[EB/OL].(2013-9-14)[2019-3-6].http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2013-09/22/content_2492302.htm.Office of the State Council.Opinions on further accelerating the extraction and utilization of coalbed methane(mine gas)[EB/OL].(2013-9-14)[2019-3-6].http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2013-09/22/content_2492302.htm.
[18]山西自然资源厅.关于印发《山西省煤层气资源勘查开发规划(2016-2020年)》的通知[EB/OL].(2017-11-23)[2019-3-6].http://www.shanxilr.gov.cn/Article/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=46408.htm.Department of Natural Resources of Shanxi Province.Notice on printing and distributing the plan for the exploration and development of coalbed methane resources in Shanxi province(2016-2020)[EB/OL].(2017-11-23)[2019-3-6].http://www.shanxilr.gov.cn/Article/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=46408.htm.
[2]樊劭.煤层气(煤矿瓦斯)抽采技术发展现状及趋势[J].中国煤层气,2017,14(3):37-39.Fan Shao.The development status and trends of coalbed methane(coal mine methane)extraction technology[J].China Coalbed Methane,2017,14(3):37-39.
[3]Caporin M&Fontini F.The long-run oil-natural gas price relationship and the shale gas revolution[J].Energy Economics,2015(3):1-7.
[4]朱庆忠,杨延辉,左银卿,张学英,张俊杰,宋洋,等.中国煤层气开发存在的问题及破解思路[J].天然气工业,2018,38(4):96-100.Zhu Qingzhong,Yang Yanhui,Zuo Yinqing,Zhang Xueying,Zhang Junjie,Song Yang,et al.CBM development in China:Challenges and solutions[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(4):96-100.
[5]穆福元,王红岩,吴京桐,孙斌.中国煤层气开发实践与建议[J].天然气工业,2018,38(9):55-60.Mu Fuyuan,Wang Hongyan,Wu Jingtong&Sun Bin.Practice of and suggestions on CBM development in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(9):55-60.
[6]张夏,焦海滨,赵祉友,蔡媛,张遂安.加快我国煤层气产业发展的财政金融政策研究[J].中国物价,2015(5):61-63.Zhang Xia,Jiao Haibin,Zhao Zhiyou,Cai Yuan&Zhang Sui'an.Research on fiscal and financial policies to accelerate the development of China's CBM industry[J].China Price,2015(5):61-63.
[7]罗平亚.关于大幅度提高我国煤层气井单井产量的探讨[J].天然气工业,2013,33(6):1-6.Luo Pingya.A discussion on how to significantly improve the single well productivity of CBM gas wells in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(6):1-6.
[8]孔令峰,栾向阳,杜敏,尚树林,孔梓拯.典型区块煤层气地面开发项目经济性分析及国内煤层气可持续发展政策探讨[J].天然气工业,2017,37(3):116-126.Kong Lingfeng,Luan Xiangyang,Du Min,Shang Shulin&Kong Zizheng.Economic analysis of CBM ground development projects of typical exploration blocks and discussion on support policies for CBM sustainable development in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(3):116-126.
[9]张遂安,袁玉,孟凡圆.我国煤层气开发技术进展[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(5):1-5.Zhang Sui'an,Yuan Yu&Meng Fanyuan.Progress on coalbed methane development technology in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(5):1-5.
[10]叶建平,吴建光,房超,吴见,熊德华.沁南潘河煤层气田区域地质特征与煤储层特征及其对产能的影响[J].天然气工业,2011,31(5):16-20.Ye Jianping,Wu Jianguang,Fang Chao,Wu Jian&Xiong Dehua.Regional geological and reservoir characteristics of the Panhe CBM Gas Field in the southern Qinshui Basin and their influence on CBM gas production capacity[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(5):16-20.
[11]秦勇,袁亮,胡千庭,叶建平,胡爱梅,申宝宏,等.我国煤层气勘探与开发技术现状及发展方向[J].煤炭科学技术,2012,40(10):1-6.Qin Yong,Yuan Liang,Hu Qianting,Ye Jianping,Hu Aimei,Shen Baohong,et al.Status and development orientation of coalbed methane exploration and development technology in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2012,40(10):1-6.
[12]张遂安.煤层气资源特点与开发模式[J].煤田地质与勘探,2007,35(4):27-30.Zhang Sui'an.Features and development model of coalbed methane resources[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2007,35(4):27-30.
[13]张遂安.采煤采气一体化理论与实践[J].中国煤层气,2006,3(4):14-16.Zhang Sui'an.Theory and practice of integrated coal mining and gas extraction[J].China Coalbed Methane,2006,3(4):14-16.
[14]常宇豪,张遂安.中国煤层气法律规制的回顾与反思[J].西南石油大学学报(社会科学版),2017,19(5):1-9.Chang Yuhao&Zhang Sui'an.Reflections on legal regulation on CBM in China[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Social Sciences Edition),2017,19(5):1-9.
[15]门相勇,韩征,宫厚健,王彧嫣.新形势下中国煤层气勘探开发面临的挑战与机遇[J].天然气工业,2018,38(9):10-16.Men Xiangyong,Han Zheng,Gong Houjian&Wang Yuyan.Challenges and opportunities of CBM exploration and development in China under new situations[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(9):10-16.
[16]国家能源局.关于印发煤层气勘探开发行动计划的通知[EB/OL].(2015-02-03)[2018-11-4].http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/auto85/201502/t20150216_1890.htm.National Energy Administration.Notice on printing and developing CBM exploration and development action plan[EB/OL].(2015-2-03)[2018-11-4].http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/auto85/201502/t20150216_1890.htm.
[17]国务院办公厅.关于进一步加快煤层气(煤矿瓦斯)抽采利用的意见[EB/OL].(2013-9-14)[2019-3-6].http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2013-09/22/content_2492302.htm.Office of the State Council.Opinions on further accelerating the extraction and utilization of coalbed methane(mine gas)[EB/OL].(2013-9-14)[2019-3-6].http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2013-09/22/content_2492302.htm.
[18]山西自然资源厅.关于印发《山西省煤层气资源勘查开发规划(2016-2020年)》的通知[EB/OL].(2017-11-23)[2019-3-6].http://www.shanxilr.gov.cn/Article/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=46408.htm.Department of Natural Resources of Shanxi Province.Notice on printing and distributing the plan for the exploration and development of coalbed methane resources in Shanxi province(2016-2020)[EB/OL].(2017-11-23)[2019-3-6].http://www.shanxilr.gov.cn/Article/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=46408.htm.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |