失效汽车尾气净化催化剂中铂族金属回收技术
|
摘要
主要对失效汽车尾气净化催化剂中的铂族金属回收技术做了综述。失效催化剂的回收技术包括催化剂预处理、铂族金属的富集、铂族金属的精炼、回收铂族金属后废渣的回收应用等多个环节。铂族金属的富集主要有火法与湿法两大工艺。火法工艺包括等离子熔炼法、金属捕集法、干式氯化法等技术;湿法工艺有载体溶解法、活性组分溶解法、全溶法及加压氰化法等技术。铂族金属的精炼主要有还原沉淀法、离子交换法、溶剂萃取法等。其中在富集工艺中火法有着处理量大、铂族金属回收率稳定、不需要处理大量废液等技术优势。
Techniques of recycling platinum group metals contained in spent automobile exhaust purification catalysts are reviewed.The recycle techniques of spent catalysts includes pretreatment of catalyst,enrichment of platinum group metals,refining of platinum group metals,and the recycle of waste residues produced in recycling the platinum group metals.The enrichment of platinum group metals mainly consists of pyrometallurgical process and hydrometallurgical process.The former includes plasma melting,metal trapping,dry chlorination,and so on.The latter includes the carrier dissolution method,the active component dissolution method,the complete dissolution method,the pressurized cyanidation method,and the like.The refining of the platinum group metals mainly incorporates reductive precipitation method,ion exchange method,solvent extraction method,and so on.The pyrometallurgical process in the enrichment process has a larger processing capacity and a more stable recycle rate of platinum group metals.What's more,it circumvents the trouble of dealing with a large amount of effluent.
Techniques of recycling platinum group metals contained in spent automobile exhaust purification catalysts are reviewed.The recycle techniques of spent catalysts includes pretreatment of catalyst,enrichment of platinum group metals,refining of platinum group metals,and the recycle of waste residues produced in recycling the platinum group metals.The enrichment of platinum group metals mainly consists of pyrometallurgical process and hydrometallurgical process.The former includes plasma melting,metal trapping,dry chlorination,and so on.The latter includes the carrier dissolution method,the active component dissolution method,the complete dissolution method,the pressurized cyanidation method,and the like.The refining of the platinum group metals mainly incorporates reductive precipitation method,ion exchange method,solvent extraction method,and so on.The pyrometallurgical process in the enrichment process has a larger processing capacity and a more stable recycle rate of platinum group metals.What's more,it circumvents the trouble of dealing with a large amount of effluent.
引文
[1] 高娃.汽车尾气净化催化剂及其金属载体的研究进展[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2000,23(4):67-70.
[2] 赵秋伶,徐小健,蔡秀琴.汽车尾气净化催化剂及载体的研究进展[J].广州化工,2009,37(8):15-18.
[3] 黄可龙,王红霞,刘素琴,等.Synthesis and catalytic property of Cu-Mn-Ce/γ-Al2O3 complex oxide[J].中国有色金属学报:英文版,2002,12(2):317-320.
[4] 王永录.废汽车催化剂中铂族金属的回收利用[J].贵金属,2010,31(4):55-63.
[5] Pospiech B.Studies on platinum recovery from solutions after leaching of spent catalysts by solvent extraction[J].Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing,2012,48(1):239-246.
[6] Saternus M,Fornalczyk A.Possible ways of refining precious group metals (PGM) obtained from recycling of the used auto catalytic converters[J].Metalurgija,2013,52(2):267-270.
[7] Aberasturi D J D,Pinedo R,Larramendi I R D,et al.Recovery by hydrometallurgical extraction of the platinum-group metals from car catalytic converters[J].Minerals Engineering,2011,24(6):505-513.
[8] 王亚军,李晓征.汽车尾气净化催化剂贵金属回收技术[J].稀有金属,2013,37(6):1004-1015.
[9] 万婧,余建民,毕向光,等.汽车失效催化剂预处理方法研究[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,2015(4):28-33.
[10] 王永录,刘正华.金、银及铂族金属再生回收[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2005.
[11] 贺小塘,李勇,吴喜龙,等.等离子熔炼技术富集铂族金属工艺初探[J].贵金属,2016,37(1):1-5
[12] 黄焜,陈景.从失效汽车尾气净化催化转化器中回收铂族金属的研究进展[J].有色金属工程,2004,56(1):70-77.
[13] Ezawa N.Recovery of precious metals:JP,2317423[P].1990-05-16.
[14] 董海刚,赵家春,陈家林,等.固态还原铁捕集法回收铂族金属二次资源[J].中国有色金属学报,2014(10):2692-2697.
[15] 蒋鹤麟,王瑛.从汽车废催化剂中回收铂族金属的技术概况[J].中国资源综合利用,1994(11):10-14.
[16] 姜东,廖秋玲,龚卫星.我国失效汽车尾气净化器回收现状及发展前景[J].中国资源综合利用,2009,27(9):7-9.
[17] Bond G R.Treatment of platinum containing catalyst:GB,2214173[P].1958-05-25.
[18] 杜欣,张晓文,周耀辉,等.从废催化剂中回收铂族金属的湿法工艺研究[J].中国矿业,2009,18(4):82-85.
[19] 周俊,任鸿九.从粒状汽车废催化剂中回收铂族金属[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,1996(2):31-35.
[20] 刘公召,霍巍.失活催化剂中提取钯的研究[J].矿产综合利用,2006(1):47-49.
[21] 姚洪,林桂燕.从废催化剂Pd-Al2O3中提取钯[J].贵金属,1997(1):25-27.
[22] 郑向江.单钯汽车尾气净化催化剂的制备及废钯回收[D].北京:北京化工大学,2007.
[23] 张邦安.从失效汽车尾气净化催化剂中回收铂族金属[J].中国资源综合利用,2004(11):15-18.
[24] 李耀威,戚锡堆.废汽车催化剂中铂族金属的浸出研究[J].华南师范大学学报:自然科学版,2008(2):84-87.
[25] Chen J,Huang K.A new technique for extraction of platinum group metals by pressure cyanidation[J].Hydrometallurgy,2006,82(3):164-171.
[26] 黄昆,陈景.失效汽车催化剂中铂族金属的加压氰化浸出[J].中国有色金属学报,2003,13(6):240-245.
[27] 黄昆,陈景,陈奕然,等.加压碱浸处理氰化浸出法回收汽车废催化剂中的贵金属[J].中国有色金属学报,2006,16(2):363-369.
[28] 吴晓峰,汪云华,童伟锋.湿-火联合法从汽车尾气失效催化剂中提取铂族金属新工艺研究[J].贵金属,2010,31(4):24-28.
[29] Okabe T H,Yamamoto S.Recovery of platinum using magnesium vapor[J].Journal of Materials Research,2003,18(8):1960-1967.
[30] Okabe T H.Platinum recovery using calcium vapor treatment[J].Materials Transactions,2003,44(7):1386-1393.
[31] 陈安然,张泽彪,王仕兴,等.微波焙烧回收汽车尾气废催化剂湿法浸出渣中铑[J].稀有金属,2012,36(6):979-984.
[32] 于泳,彭胜,严加才,等.铂族金属催化剂的回收技术进展[J].煤炭与化工,2011,34(2):50-55.
[33] 余建民,毕向光,李权.汽车失效催化剂之铂族金属分离方法[J].稀有金属,2013,37(3):485-493.
[34] 冯才旺,俞继华.从含铂废催化剂中回收铂[J].贵金属,1997(3):32-33.
[35] 甘树才,来雅文,段太成,等.DT-1016型阴离子交换树脂分离富集金铂钯[J].岩矿测试,2002,21(2):113-116.
[36] 陈剑波,古国榜.新型硫醚萃取剂萃取分离钯、铂的性能[J].矿冶工程,2006,26(1):61-64.
[37] 张邦安.铂族金属回收新技术——光催化沉积法[J].中国资源综合利用,2004(12):18.
[38] 罗德先.国外汽车催化剂中铂族金属回收利用对我们的启示[J].资源再生,2007(12):42-44.
[2] 赵秋伶,徐小健,蔡秀琴.汽车尾气净化催化剂及载体的研究进展[J].广州化工,2009,37(8):15-18.
[3] 黄可龙,王红霞,刘素琴,等.Synthesis and catalytic property of Cu-Mn-Ce/γ-Al2O3 complex oxide[J].中国有色金属学报:英文版,2002,12(2):317-320.
[4] 王永录.废汽车催化剂中铂族金属的回收利用[J].贵金属,2010,31(4):55-63.
[5] Pospiech B.Studies on platinum recovery from solutions after leaching of spent catalysts by solvent extraction[J].Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing,2012,48(1):239-246.
[6] Saternus M,Fornalczyk A.Possible ways of refining precious group metals (PGM) obtained from recycling of the used auto catalytic converters[J].Metalurgija,2013,52(2):267-270.
[7] Aberasturi D J D,Pinedo R,Larramendi I R D,et al.Recovery by hydrometallurgical extraction of the platinum-group metals from car catalytic converters[J].Minerals Engineering,2011,24(6):505-513.
[8] 王亚军,李晓征.汽车尾气净化催化剂贵金属回收技术[J].稀有金属,2013,37(6):1004-1015.
[9] 万婧,余建民,毕向光,等.汽车失效催化剂预处理方法研究[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,2015(4):28-33.
[10] 王永录,刘正华.金、银及铂族金属再生回收[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2005.
[11] 贺小塘,李勇,吴喜龙,等.等离子熔炼技术富集铂族金属工艺初探[J].贵金属,2016,37(1):1-5
[12] 黄焜,陈景.从失效汽车尾气净化催化转化器中回收铂族金属的研究进展[J].有色金属工程,2004,56(1):70-77.
[13] Ezawa N.Recovery of precious metals:JP,2317423[P].1990-05-16.
[14] 董海刚,赵家春,陈家林,等.固态还原铁捕集法回收铂族金属二次资源[J].中国有色金属学报,2014(10):2692-2697.
[15] 蒋鹤麟,王瑛.从汽车废催化剂中回收铂族金属的技术概况[J].中国资源综合利用,1994(11):10-14.
[16] 姜东,廖秋玲,龚卫星.我国失效汽车尾气净化器回收现状及发展前景[J].中国资源综合利用,2009,27(9):7-9.
[17] Bond G R.Treatment of platinum containing catalyst:GB,2214173[P].1958-05-25.
[18] 杜欣,张晓文,周耀辉,等.从废催化剂中回收铂族金属的湿法工艺研究[J].中国矿业,2009,18(4):82-85.
[19] 周俊,任鸿九.从粒状汽车废催化剂中回收铂族金属[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,1996(2):31-35.
[20] 刘公召,霍巍.失活催化剂中提取钯的研究[J].矿产综合利用,2006(1):47-49.
[21] 姚洪,林桂燕.从废催化剂Pd-Al2O3中提取钯[J].贵金属,1997(1):25-27.
[22] 郑向江.单钯汽车尾气净化催化剂的制备及废钯回收[D].北京:北京化工大学,2007.
[23] 张邦安.从失效汽车尾气净化催化剂中回收铂族金属[J].中国资源综合利用,2004(11):15-18.
[24] 李耀威,戚锡堆.废汽车催化剂中铂族金属的浸出研究[J].华南师范大学学报:自然科学版,2008(2):84-87.
[25] Chen J,Huang K.A new technique for extraction of platinum group metals by pressure cyanidation[J].Hydrometallurgy,2006,82(3):164-171.
[26] 黄昆,陈景.失效汽车催化剂中铂族金属的加压氰化浸出[J].中国有色金属学报,2003,13(6):240-245.
[27] 黄昆,陈景,陈奕然,等.加压碱浸处理氰化浸出法回收汽车废催化剂中的贵金属[J].中国有色金属学报,2006,16(2):363-369.
[28] 吴晓峰,汪云华,童伟锋.湿-火联合法从汽车尾气失效催化剂中提取铂族金属新工艺研究[J].贵金属,2010,31(4):24-28.
[29] Okabe T H,Yamamoto S.Recovery of platinum using magnesium vapor[J].Journal of Materials Research,2003,18(8):1960-1967.
[30] Okabe T H.Platinum recovery using calcium vapor treatment[J].Materials Transactions,2003,44(7):1386-1393.
[31] 陈安然,张泽彪,王仕兴,等.微波焙烧回收汽车尾气废催化剂湿法浸出渣中铑[J].稀有金属,2012,36(6):979-984.
[32] 于泳,彭胜,严加才,等.铂族金属催化剂的回收技术进展[J].煤炭与化工,2011,34(2):50-55.
[33] 余建民,毕向光,李权.汽车失效催化剂之铂族金属分离方法[J].稀有金属,2013,37(3):485-493.
[34] 冯才旺,俞继华.从含铂废催化剂中回收铂[J].贵金属,1997(3):32-33.
[35] 甘树才,来雅文,段太成,等.DT-1016型阴离子交换树脂分离富集金铂钯[J].岩矿测试,2002,21(2):113-116.
[36] 陈剑波,古国榜.新型硫醚萃取剂萃取分离钯、铂的性能[J].矿冶工程,2006,26(1):61-64.
[37] 张邦安.铂族金属回收新技术——光催化沉积法[J].中国资源综合利用,2004(12):18.
[38] 罗德先.国外汽车催化剂中铂族金属回收利用对我们的启示[J].资源再生,2007(12):42-44.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |