中国农业环境技术效率与绿色全要素生产率增长研究
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摘要
为了解我国"十二五"期间农业发展的真实效率水平,在对农业面源污染进行核算的基础上,本文运用包含非期望产出的非径向、非角度SBM超效率模型测算2011—2015年我国农业环境技术效率;并将农业污染排放纳入Malmquist指数框架中对农业绿色全要素生产率加以测量。研究表明,我国东部地区环境技术效率最高(1. 084),西部次之(0. 704),中部最低(0. 476);中国农业绿色全要素生产率年均增长9. 5%,增长动力主要源自绿色技术进步,而农业绿色技术效率贡献有限;中国农业绿色全要素生产率指数高于传统全要素生产率指数;在地区差异方面,东、中、西部地区平均农业绿色全要素生产率增长并不均衡,呈现西、中、东部地区依次递减的特征。针对农业绿色全要素生产率增长率逐年下降的原因,本文重点从政策角度进行分析。
In order to understand the real efficiency level of agricultural development during the 12 th Five-Year Plan period in China,based on the accounting of agricultural non-point source pollution,this paper estimates the environmental technical efficiency of China's agriculture from 2011 to 2015 using the non-radial and non-oriented SBM super efficiency model of undesirable output. The agricultural pollution emissions is broght into the framework of Malmquist index to measure the growth and decomposition of agricultural GTFT. Research results show that: he environmental technical efficiency is the highest in eastern China( 1.084),the second in western China( 0.704),and the lowest in central China( 0.476). The average annual growth rate of agricultural GTFP in China is 9.5 %,mainly due to the improvement of technical progress,while the contribution of agricultural green technology efficiency is limited. The agricultural GTFP index is higher than the traditional TFP index. The average agricultural GTFP growth is unbalanced,showing a decline in the western,central and eastern China in turn. And then this paper analyzes reasons why the growth rate of agricultural GTFP has been decreasing year by year from a policy perspective. At last,based on the above conclusions,the paper puts forward the policy suggestions.
In order to understand the real efficiency level of agricultural development during the 12 th Five-Year Plan period in China,based on the accounting of agricultural non-point source pollution,this paper estimates the environmental technical efficiency of China's agriculture from 2011 to 2015 using the non-radial and non-oriented SBM super efficiency model of undesirable output. The agricultural pollution emissions is broght into the framework of Malmquist index to measure the growth and decomposition of agricultural GTFT. Research results show that: he environmental technical efficiency is the highest in eastern China( 1.084),the second in western China( 0.704),and the lowest in central China( 0.476). The average annual growth rate of agricultural GTFP in China is 9.5 %,mainly due to the improvement of technical progress,while the contribution of agricultural green technology efficiency is limited. The agricultural GTFP index is higher than the traditional TFP index. The average agricultural GTFP growth is unbalanced,showing a decline in the western,central and eastern China in turn. And then this paper analyzes reasons why the growth rate of agricultural GTFP has been decreasing year by year from a policy perspective. At last,based on the above conclusions,the paper puts forward the policy suggestions.
引文
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13.王兵,刘天光.节能减排与中国绿色经济增长——基于全要素生产率的视角.中国工业经济,2015(5):57~69
14.冯杰,张世秋.基于DEA方法的我国省际绿色全要素生产率评估——不同模型选择的差异性探析.北京大学学报(自然科学版),2017,53(1):151~159
15.梁流涛.农业发展与环境协调性评价及其影响因素分析.中国环境科学,2012,32(9):1702~1708
16.张屹山,崔晓.资源、环境与农业可持续发展——物料平衡原则下的省级农业环境效率计算.农业技术经济,2014(6):21 ~30
17.王奇,王会,陈海丹.中国农业绿色全要素生产率变化研究:1992—2010年.经济评论,2012(5):24~33
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19.杨俊,陈怡.基于环境因素的中国农业生产率增长研究.中国人口·资源与环境,2011,21(6):153~157
20.李谷成,陈宁陆等.环境规制条件下中国农业全要素生产率增长与分解.中国人口·资源与环境,2011,21(11):153~159
21.韩海彬,赵丽芬.环境约束下中国农业全要素生产率增长及收敛分析.中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(3):70~76
22.潘丹,应瑞瑶.资源环境约束下的中国农业全要素生产率增长研究.资源科学,2013,35(7):1329~1338
23.刘战伟.资源环境约束下的中国农业全要素生产率增长与分解.科技管理研究,2015(1):83~87
24.唐德祥,周雪晴.环境约束下我国西南地区农业全要素生产率度量及收敛性研究.科技管理研究,2016(4):251~257
25.潘丹,应瑞瑶.环境污染约束下的农业生产率增长地区差异及其动态分布演进.中国科技论坛,2013(15):60~67
26.李谷成.中国农业的绿色生产率革命:1978—2008年.经济学(季刊)2014,13(2):537~558
27.梁俊,龙少波.农业绿色全要素生产率增长及其影响因素.华南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2015,14(3):1~12
28.赖斯芸.非点源污染调查评估方法及其应用研究.清华大硕士学位论文,2004
2.Hailu,A.Veeman,T.S.,Environmentally Sensitive Productivity Analysis of the Canadian Pulp and Paper Industry,1959-1994:An Input Distance Function Approach.Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2000,40:251~274
3.Elsadig,M.A.,Green TFP Intensity Impact on Sustainable East Asian Productivity Growth.Economic Analysis and Policy,2012,42(1):67~78
4.Diewert,W.E.,Caves,D.W.,Christensen,L.R.,The Economic Theory of Index Numbers and the Measurement of Input,Output and Productivity.Econometrica,1982,50(6):1393~1414
5.Fare,R.,Grosskopf,S.,Norris,M.,Zhang,Z.,Productivity Growth,Technical Progress,and Efficiency Change in Industrialized Countries.American Economic Review,1994(84):66~83
6.Chung,Y.,Fare,R.,Grosskopf,S.,Productivity and Undesirable Outputs:A Directional Distance Function Approach.Journal of Environmental Management,1997,51:229~240
7.Tone,K.,Dealing with Undesirable Outputs in DEA:A Slacks-Based Measure(SBM)Approach.GRIPS Research report series I-2003-0005,2003
8.王珏,宋文飞,韩先锋.中国地区农业全要素生产率及其影响因素的空间计量分析——基于1992—2007年省域空间面板数据.中国农村经济,2010(8):24~35
9.李谷成,范丽霞,闵鋭.资源、环境与农业发展的协调性——基于环境规制的省级农业环境效率排名.数量经济技术经济研究,2011(10):21~49
10.陈诗一,中国绿色工业革命:基于环境全要素生产率视角的解释.经济研究,2010(11):21~34,58
11.杨万平,张志浩,卢晓璐.中国经济发展的可持续性及其影响因素分析.管理学刊,2015,28(5):37~45
12.魏玮,谭林,刘希章.中国工业绿色全要素生产率动态演变特征研究.价格理论与实践,2015(9):91~93,111
13.王兵,刘天光.节能减排与中国绿色经济增长——基于全要素生产率的视角.中国工业经济,2015(5):57~69
14.冯杰,张世秋.基于DEA方法的我国省际绿色全要素生产率评估——不同模型选择的差异性探析.北京大学学报(自然科学版),2017,53(1):151~159
15.梁流涛.农业发展与环境协调性评价及其影响因素分析.中国环境科学,2012,32(9):1702~1708
16.张屹山,崔晓.资源、环境与农业可持续发展——物料平衡原则下的省级农业环境效率计算.农业技术经济,2014(6):21 ~30
17.王奇,王会,陈海丹.中国农业绿色全要素生产率变化研究:1992—2010年.经济评论,2012(5):24~33
18.李小胜,宋马林.环境规制下的全要素生产率及其影响因素研究.中央财经大学学报,2015(1):92~98.
19.杨俊,陈怡.基于环境因素的中国农业生产率增长研究.中国人口·资源与环境,2011,21(6):153~157
20.李谷成,陈宁陆等.环境规制条件下中国农业全要素生产率增长与分解.中国人口·资源与环境,2011,21(11):153~159
21.韩海彬,赵丽芬.环境约束下中国农业全要素生产率增长及收敛分析.中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(3):70~76
22.潘丹,应瑞瑶.资源环境约束下的中国农业全要素生产率增长研究.资源科学,2013,35(7):1329~1338
23.刘战伟.资源环境约束下的中国农业全要素生产率增长与分解.科技管理研究,2015(1):83~87
24.唐德祥,周雪晴.环境约束下我国西南地区农业全要素生产率度量及收敛性研究.科技管理研究,2016(4):251~257
25.潘丹,应瑞瑶.环境污染约束下的农业生产率增长地区差异及其动态分布演进.中国科技论坛,2013(15):60~67
26.李谷成.中国农业的绿色生产率革命:1978—2008年.经济学(季刊)2014,13(2):537~558
27.梁俊,龙少波.农业绿色全要素生产率增长及其影响因素.华南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2015,14(3):1~12
28.赖斯芸.非点源污染调查评估方法及其应用研究.清华大硕士学位论文,2004
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