强化氮气泡沫调驱技术在中孔中渗透储层适用界限的实验研究
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摘要
氮气泡沫调驱技术因具有调整产液剖面、降低含水率等优势而被广泛用于调驱和控水等提高采收率措施中。为进一步明确氮气泡沫调驱体系在中孔中渗透储层的适用界限,并确定最佳调驱时机,采用室内实验方法,对强化氮气泡沫在不同渗透率级差岩心中的调驱效果进行评价,分析岩心非均质性及调驱时机对调驱效果的影响。实验结果表明:针对中孔中渗透储层,经强化氮气泡沫调驱后,渗透率级差为2—6时控水增油效果较好,采出程度可在水驱基础上提高18%以上,其中渗透率级差为6时提高采出程度最高,可达20.0%;渗透率级差约为3时产液剖面得到最佳改善,控制分流率可达0.25 PV;采出液含水率为80%时为最佳泡沫调驱时机。
The nitrogen foam profile control and displacement technique is widely used in oil recovery,water control,andother enhanced oil recovery measures because of its characteristics of adjusting the fluid production profile and reducingthe water cut. In order to furtherly clarify the applicable limit of nitrogen foam profile control and flooding system in medi-um porosity and medium permeability reservoir and to determine the best flooding time,the effect of the enhanced nitrogenfoam on cores with various permeability ratios was evaluated,and the influence of heterogeneity and flooding time on profilecontrol and displacement of the nitrogen foam system was analyzed by laboratory experiments. The experimental resultsshow that for the medium porosity and medium permeability reservoir,the system has a better effect on water control andstable oil production,and the recovery efficiency by nitrogen foam flooding can be increased by more than 18% comparedwith that by water flooding when the permeability ratio is in the range of 2-6;among them,the recovery efficiency is thehighest(20.0%)when the permeability ratio is 6. The production profile will be improved when the permeability ratio isabout 3,and the diversion rate can be effectively controlled at 0.25 PV. When the water cut of the produced fluid is 80%,itis the best time for nitrogen foam flooding. The experimental results of enhanced nitrogen foam flooding for the reservoiradaptability can provide guidance for the optimization of water control and oil production increase measures and the designof foam flooding scheme in oilfield.
The nitrogen foam profile control and displacement technique is widely used in oil recovery,water control,andother enhanced oil recovery measures because of its characteristics of adjusting the fluid production profile and reducingthe water cut. In order to furtherly clarify the applicable limit of nitrogen foam profile control and flooding system in medi-um porosity and medium permeability reservoir and to determine the best flooding time,the effect of the enhanced nitrogenfoam on cores with various permeability ratios was evaluated,and the influence of heterogeneity and flooding time on profilecontrol and displacement of the nitrogen foam system was analyzed by laboratory experiments. The experimental resultsshow that for the medium porosity and medium permeability reservoir,the system has a better effect on water control andstable oil production,and the recovery efficiency by nitrogen foam flooding can be increased by more than 18% comparedwith that by water flooding when the permeability ratio is in the range of 2-6;among them,the recovery efficiency is thehighest(20.0%)when the permeability ratio is 6. The production profile will be improved when the permeability ratio isabout 3,and the diversion rate can be effectively controlled at 0.25 PV. When the water cut of the produced fluid is 80%,itis the best time for nitrogen foam flooding. The experimental results of enhanced nitrogen foam flooding for the reservoiradaptability can provide guidance for the optimization of water control and oil production increase measures and the designof foam flooding scheme in oilfield.
引文
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[19]阳磊.氮气泡沫调剖优化设计方法研究与应用[D].武汉:长江大学,2014.YANG Lei.The research and application of nitrogen foam conformance treatments optimal design method[D].Wuhan:Yangtze University,2014.
[20]赵江玉,蒲万芬,李一波,等.耐高温高盐泡沫体系筛选与性能评价[J].天然气与石油,2014,32(4):65-69.ZHAO Jiangyu,PU Wanfen,LI Yibo,et al.Laboratory selection and performance evaluation on high temperature and high salinity resistant foam system[J].Nature Gas and Oil,2014,32(4):65-69.
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[2]游秀玲,金彦君,常学军.高尚堡油田沙三段二、三亚段沉积体系与沉积相[J].石油与天然气地质,1997,18(1):15-20.YOU Xiuling,JIN Yanjun,CHANG Xuejun.Sedimentary system and facies of Es32+3submembers in Gaoshangpu Oilfields[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1997,18(1):15-20.
[3]章惠,孙思敏,季汉成,等.南堡凹陷边界断层分段特征及其对沉积体系的控制作用[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(3):20-25.ZHANG Hui,SUN Simin,JI Hancheng,et al.Segmentation characteristic of boundary fault in Nanpu sag and its control on sedimentary system[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(3):20-25.
[4]杨竞旭,钱凤燕,方度,等.高尚堡油田北区沙三2+3亚段储层特征研究[J].石油地质与工程,2014,28(5):30-32.YANG Jingxu,QIAN Fengyan,FANG Du,et al.Study on the reservoir characteristics of the second and the third sub-members of the third member of Shahejie formation in north area of Gaoshangpu Oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2014,28(5):30-32.
[5]全洪慧,陈建波,别旭伟,等.利用油田开发资料重新认识油气成藏:以渤海湾盆地南堡35-2油田馆陶组为例[J].石油实验地质,2016,38(5):592-599.QUAN Honghui,CHEN Jianbo,BIE Xuwei,et al.Re-recognition of hydrocarbon accumulation regularity based on oilfield development data:A case study of the Guantao Formation in NB35-2 oilfield,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2016,38(5):592-599.
[6]裴素安.高尚堡油田Es1-Es1亚段油藏特征认识与开发策略探讨[J].天然气勘探与开发,2007,30(2):44-46,56.PEI Su’an.Reservoir characteristics in Es1-Es1sub-member,Gaoshangbao Oilfield and its development strategy[J].Natural Gas Exploration&Development,2007,30(2):44-46,56.
[7]孙琳,赵凡琪,张芸,等.高温高盐底水油藏氮气泡沫压锥实验研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2017,24(6):97-102.SUN Lin,ZHAO Fanqi,ZHANG Yun,et al.An experimental study of coning control with nitrogen foam in high-temperature and high-salinity bottom water reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2017,24(6):97-102.
[8]胡渤.不同渗透率和孔喉条件下泡沫流体的特性及调驱机理[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(4):70-75.HU Bo.Property of foam fluid and its mechanism of profile control and displacement in the reservoirs with different permeabilities and pore-throats[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(4):70-75.
[9]吕春阳,赵凤兰,侯吉瑞,等.泡沫驱前调剖提高采收率室内实验[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(5):69-73,78.LüChunyang,ZHAO Fenglan,HOU Jirui,et al.Laboratory experiment of EOR through profile control before foam flooding[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2015,22(5):69-73,78.
[10]李德儒,庞占喜.热力泡沫改善稠油油藏蒸汽驱开发效果[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(5):89-92.LI Deru,PANG Zhanxi.Application of thermal foam to improve the steam-flooding performance in heavy-oil reservoir[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(5):89-92.
[11]曲晗.氮气泡沫驱机理研究及实验[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2010.QU Han.Nitrogen foam flooding mechanism research and experiment[D].Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2010.
[12]秦国伟,王磊,肖洪伟,等.聚驱后氮气泡沫调驱技术[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(6):109-112.QIN Guowei,WANG Lei,XIAO Hongwei,et al.Nitrogen foam profile-controlling and flooding technique after the polymer flooding[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2016,35(6):109-112.
[13]孙术杰.低渗油层水驱后氮气泡沫体系驱油效果评价[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2016.SUN Shujie.The performance evaluation of nitrogen foam system in low permeability reservoir after water flooding[D].Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2016.
[14]FARZANEH S A,SOHRABI M.A review of the status of foam application in enhanced oil recovery[R].SPE 164917MS,2013.
[15]ROSSEN W R.Numerical challenges in foam simulation:a review[R].SPE 166232MS,2013.
[16]KHAJEHPOUR M,ETMINAN S R,GOLDMAN J,et al.Nanoparticles as foam stabilizer for steam-foam process[R].SPE179826MS,2016.
[17]BELTRAN,PAREDES J C,LUPO,et al.Understanding multiphase flow modeling for N2concentric nitrogen injection through downhole pressure sensor data measurements while drilling MPDwells[R].SPE/IADC 130324MS,2010.
[18]陈平,宋志学,郑继龙,等.QHD32-6油田N2泡沫驱高温高压可视化实验研究[J].应用科技,2013,40(3):75-78.CHEN Ping,SONG Zhixue,ZHENG Jilong,et al.Visualization studies on nitrogen-foam flooding experiment under high temperature and high pressure of QHD32-6 oilfield[J].Applied Science and Technology,2013,40(3):75-78.
[19]阳磊.氮气泡沫调剖优化设计方法研究与应用[D].武汉:长江大学,2014.YANG Lei.The research and application of nitrogen foam conformance treatments optimal design method[D].Wuhan:Yangtze University,2014.
[20]赵江玉,蒲万芬,李一波,等.耐高温高盐泡沫体系筛选与性能评价[J].天然气与石油,2014,32(4):65-69.ZHAO Jiangyu,PU Wanfen,LI Yibo,et al.Laboratory selection and performance evaluation on high temperature and high salinity resistant foam system[J].Nature Gas and Oil,2014,32(4):65-69.
[21]赵国玺.表面活性剂物理化学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1984.ZHAO Guoxi.Physical chemistry of surfactant[M].Beijing:Peking University Press,1984.
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