哈尔滨市群力区绿园居住小区雨水资源潜力研究
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摘要
随着海绵城市理念的提出,居住小区合理利用雨水资源对节约城市淡水资源具有重要意义。该研究以哈尔滨市群力新区绿园小区为研究案例,采用水量平衡分析法,研究并计算分析该小区雨水资源潜力,并综合评价该小区利用雨水资源的可行性,以期为小区设计可利用雨水资源的绿地景观奠定基础,为实现以利用雨水资源为节水前提的生态理念提供理论依据。结果表明:该小区年可收集雨水量为13 696.41m3,雨水资源潜力巨大;5—10月间绿地内植物需水总量为7 175.63m3,雨水资源总量远高于植物需水量;计算出小区蓄水池总容量为152 m3,可最大限度收集雨水;该小区雨水利用率在51.44%~60.79%。
As the sponge city concept being proposed,it produced great significance to saving the city′s freshwater resources that the rainwater resource was rationally utilized in the residence community.The Green Garden residence community of Qunli district of Harbin city was used as an example by adopting the water balance analysis method,the potential of the rainwater was studied through calculation and analysis,and the feasibility of utilizing the rain water resource in this community was comprehensively evaluated.The conclusion laid the foundation for designing the green landscape with the rainwater resource and provided the theoretical basis for the ecological concept of realizing water saving according to the rainwater resource in the community.The results showed that the annual raincollecting amount in this area was 13 696.41 m3 and the rainwater resource had huge potential.The total water demand for the plants in the green space,was 7 175.63 m3 from May to October.Each year,which was much lower than total rain water resource.The total capacity of the reservoir was152 m3 through the calculation so as to collect the rain water to the maximum with the rain water utilization from 51.44%to 60.79%.
As the sponge city concept being proposed,it produced great significance to saving the city′s freshwater resources that the rainwater resource was rationally utilized in the residence community.The Green Garden residence community of Qunli district of Harbin city was used as an example by adopting the water balance analysis method,the potential of the rainwater was studied through calculation and analysis,and the feasibility of utilizing the rain water resource in this community was comprehensively evaluated.The conclusion laid the foundation for designing the green landscape with the rainwater resource and provided the theoretical basis for the ecological concept of realizing water saving according to the rainwater resource in the community.The results showed that the annual raincollecting amount in this area was 13 696.41 m3 and the rainwater resource had huge potential.The total water demand for the plants in the green space,was 7 175.63 m3 from May to October.Each year,which was much lower than total rain water resource.The total capacity of the reservoir was152 m3 through the calculation so as to collect the rain water to the maximum with the rain water utilization from 51.44%to 60.79%.
引文
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[16]曹传生,刘慧民,王南.屋顶花园雨水利用系统设计与实践[J].农业工程学报,2013(9):76-83.
[2]TAKAGI K,OTAKI M,OTAKI Y.Potential of rainwater utilization in households based on the distributions of catchment area and end-use water demand[J].Water,2018,10(12):1706-1720.
[3]SAHIN N I,MANIOGLU G.Water conservation through rainwater harvesting using different building forms in different climatic regions[J].Sustainable Cities and Society,2019,44:367-377.
[4]任杨俊,李建牢,赵俊侠.国内外雨水资源利用研究综述[J].水土保持学报,2000,14(1):88-92.
[5]ZENG B,TAN H Q,WU L J.A new approach to urban rainwater management[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2007,17(1):82-84.
[6]张彪,谢高地,薛康,等.北京城市绿地调蓄雨水径流功能及其价值评估[J].生态学报,2011,31(13):3839-3845.
[7]宗言.探讨基于海绵城市的雨水利用规划[J].中国住宅设施,2018(10):81-82.
[8]ZHANG W,ZHANG X Y,FAN J L,et al.Runoff pollution characterization and first flush effect of urban roof catchment[J].Desalination and Water Treatment,2018,119:262-266.
[9]周维,张凯,张丽娟,等.基于海绵城市视角下的城市绿地系统雨水管理研究[J].绿色科技,2017(7):121-122.
[10]宋云,俞孔坚.构建城市雨洪管理系统的景观规划途径:以威海市为例[J].城市问题,2007(8):64-69.
[11]宋进喜,宋令勇,何艳芬,等.基于GIS的西安市雨水收集潜力估算[J].干旱区地理,2009,32(6):874-879
[12]《建筑与小区雨水利用工程技术规范》编制组.建筑与小区雨水利用工程技术规范实施指南[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.
[13]赵西宁,吴普特,冯浩,等.基于GIS的区域雨水资源化潜力评价模型研究[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(2):6-10.
[14]刘钰,LUIS S P.对FAO推荐的作物系数计算方法的验证[J].农业工程学报,2000,16(5):26-30.
[15]刘钰,蔡林根.参照腾发量的新定义及计算方法对比[J].水利学报,1997(6):28-34.
[16]曹传生,刘慧民,王南.屋顶花园雨水利用系统设计与实践[J].农业工程学报,2013(9):76-83.
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