图像熵各向异性扩散保边滤波方法及在断层识别中的应用
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摘要
保护好断层等地质体边缘信息是地震去噪研究的重点,为此提出了一种基于熵的各向异性扩散保边去噪方法。由于熵信息只与资料总体结构有关,可用于准确判断资料所包含断层等特殊边缘的信息,能定量给出在构建结构张量矩阵时需要添加的二阶导数所占比例,更合理地判断扩散方向。模型及实际资料应用结果表明,该去噪方法在提高资料信噪比的同时,保护了断层等小尺度边缘信息,为后续的地震断层精细解释等提供了基础资料。
Protecting the edge information of geological bodies such as faults is a key of seismic data denoising.In this paper,an anisotropic diffusion edge-preserved filter based on the image entropy method is proposed.Since the entropy information is only related to the overall structure of the data,it can be used to accurately determine special edges of geological bodies including faults.It can quantitatively give the proportion of the second derivative that needs to be added in constructing the structure tensor matrix to judge the diffusion direction more rationally.Model and real data applications show that the proposed method improves the signalnoise ratio and protects small scale edge information of faults,which provides a good foundation for subsequent fault identification on seismic data.
Protecting the edge information of geological bodies such as faults is a key of seismic data denoising.In this paper,an anisotropic diffusion edge-preserved filter based on the image entropy method is proposed.Since the entropy information is only related to the overall structure of the data,it can be used to accurately determine special edges of geological bodies including faults.It can quantitatively give the proportion of the second derivative that needs to be added in constructing the structure tensor matrix to judge the diffusion direction more rationally.Model and real data applications show that the proposed method improves the signalnoise ratio and protects small scale edge information of faults,which provides a good foundation for subsequent fault identification on seismic data.
引文
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[7] 尹川,杜向东,赵汝敏,等.基于倾角控制的构造导向滤波及其应用[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(6):2818-2822.YIN Chuan,DU Xiangdong,ZHAO Rumin,et al.Dip steered structure oriented filter and its application[J].Progress in Geophysics,2014,29(6):2818-2822.
[8] 徐红霞,沈春光,李斌,等.多属性分析技术在碳酸盐岩断溶体预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(增刊2):158-163.XU Hongxia,SHEN Chunguang,LI Bin,et al.Fault-karst carbonate reservoir prediction with comprehensive multi-attribute analysis[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(S2):158-163.
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[13] 杨培杰,穆星,张景涛.方向性边界保持断层增强技术[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(12):2992-2997.YANG Peijie,MU Xing,ZHANG Jingtao.Orientational edge preserving fault enhance[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2010,53(12):2992-2997.
[14] 孙夕平,杜世通,汤磊.相干增强各向异性扩散滤波技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(6):651-655,665.SUN Xiping,DU Shitong,TANG Lei.Coherent-enhancing anisotropic diffusion filtering technique[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(6):651-655,665.
[15] 王旭松,杨长春.对地震图像进行保护边缘滤波的非线性各向异性扩散算法[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):452-457.WANG Xusong,YANG Changchun.An edge preserving smoothing algorithm of seismic image using nonlinear anisotropic diffusion equation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006,21(2):452-457.
[16] 张尔华,王伟,高静怀,等.非线性各向异性扩散滤波器用于三维地震资料噪声衰减与结构特征增强[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(3):866-870.ZHANG Erhua,WANG Wei,GAO Jinghuai.Non-li-near anisotropic diffusion filtering for 3D seismic noise removal and structure enhancement[J].Progress in Geophysics,2010,25(3):866-870.
[17] 严哲,顾汉明,蔡成国.基于各向异性扩散滤波的地震图像增强处理[J].石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(3):390-394.YAN Zhe,GU Hanming,CAI Chengguo.Seismic image enhancement based on anisotropic diffusion[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(3):390-394.
[18] 杨千里,吴国忱,赵小龙.三维各向异性扩散滤波在地震数据处理中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(5):2287-2292.YANG Qianli,WU Guochen,ZHAO Xiaolong.Application of 3D anisotropic diffusion filter in seismic data processing[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(5):2287-2292.
[19] 姚振岸,孙成禹,石小磊,等.基于曲波变化和各向异性扩散滤波的联合去噪技术[J].石油学报,2016,37(4):490-498,507.YAO Zhen’an,SUN Chengyu,SHI Xiaolei,et al.A combined denoising method on Curvelet transform and anisotropic diffusion filtering[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(4):490-498,507.
[20] 姚振岸,孙成禹,唐杰.面向地质体边界保持的随机噪音压制方法研究[C].SPG/SEG 北京2016国际地球物理会议,2016,203-206.YAO Zhen’an,SUN Chengyu,TANG Jie.Geologic-target amplitude and edge preserving oriented random noise elimination[C].SPG/SEG Beijing 2016 International Geophysical Conference,2016,203-206.
[21] Entropy Wikipedia.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy,2012.
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[23] 李金才,马自辉,彭宇行,等.基于图像熵的各向异性扩散相干斑噪声抑制[J].物理学报,2013,62(9):099501.LI Jincai,MA Zihui,PENG Yuxing,et al.Speckle reduction by image entropy anisotropic diffusion[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2013,62(9):099501.
[24] Koenderink J.The structure of images[J].Biological Cybernetics,1984,50(5):363-370.
[25] 乔刚.基于各向异性扩散的图像处理技术及其应用[D].四川成都:电子科技大学,2012,24-30.QIAO Gang.Image Processing Technology Based on Anisotropic Diffusion and Its Application[D].Uni-versity of Electronic and Technology of China,Chengdu,Sichuan,2012,24-30.
[26] Perona P,Malik J.Scale space and edge detection using anisotropic diffusion[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1990,12(7):629-639.
[2] 李飞跃,张功成,杨海长,等.复杂断裂综合解释方法在长昌凹陷的应用[J].石油物探,2017,56(4):543-550.LI Feiyue,ZHANG Gongcheng,YANG Haizhang,et al.Application of comprehensive interpretation me-thod for complicated fractures in Changchang Sag[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2017,56(4):543-550.
[3] 孙抗,汪渤,周志强,等.基于双边滤波的实时图像去雾技术研究[J].北京理工大学学报,2011,31(7):810-813,822.SUN Kang,WANG Bo,ZHOU Zhiqiang,et al.Real time image haze removal using bilateral filter[J].Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology,2011,31(7):810-813,822.
[4] 薛昭,董良国,单联瑜.Radon变换去噪方法的保幅性理论分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(6):858-867.XUE Zhao,DONG Liangguo and SHAN Lianyu.Amplitude preservation theoretical analysis of Radon transforms de-noising method[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2012,47(6):858-867.
[5] 国九英,周兴元.用f-x域预测技术消除随机噪音[J].石油地球物理勘探,1992,27(5):655-661.GUO Jiuying and ZHOU Xingyuan.Random nosie elimination using f-x domain prediction[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1992,27(5):655-661.
[6] 赵明章,范雪辉,刘春芳,等.利用构造导向滤波技术识别复杂断块圈闭[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(增刊1):128-133.ZHAO Mingzhang,FAN Xuehui,LIU Chunfang,et al.Complex fault-block traps identification with structure-oriented filter[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(S1):128-133.
[7] 尹川,杜向东,赵汝敏,等.基于倾角控制的构造导向滤波及其应用[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(6):2818-2822.YIN Chuan,DU Xiangdong,ZHAO Rumin,et al.Dip steered structure oriented filter and its application[J].Progress in Geophysics,2014,29(6):2818-2822.
[8] 徐红霞,沈春光,李斌,等.多属性分析技术在碳酸盐岩断溶体预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(增刊2):158-163.XU Hongxia,SHEN Chunguang,LI Bin,et al.Fault-karst carbonate reservoir prediction with comprehensive multi-attribute analysis[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(S2):158-163.
[9] 问雪,陈雪芳,陈胜红,等.利用结构导向平滑方法解释断层[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(1):146-151.WEN Xue,CHEN Xuefang,CHEN Shenghong,et al.Fault interpretation based on structure-oriented smoothing method[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(1):146-151.
[10] Fehmers G C,Hocker C F W.Fast structural interpretation with structure-oriented filtering[J].Geophysics,2003,68(4):1286-1293.
[11] Weickert J.Coherence-enhancing diffusion filtering[J].International Journal of Computer Vision,1999,31(2/3):111-127.
[12] Lavialle O,Pop S,Germain C,et al.Seismic fault preserving diffusion[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2007,61(2):132-141.
[13] 杨培杰,穆星,张景涛.方向性边界保持断层增强技术[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(12):2992-2997.YANG Peijie,MU Xing,ZHANG Jingtao.Orientational edge preserving fault enhance[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2010,53(12):2992-2997.
[14] 孙夕平,杜世通,汤磊.相干增强各向异性扩散滤波技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(6):651-655,665.SUN Xiping,DU Shitong,TANG Lei.Coherent-enhancing anisotropic diffusion filtering technique[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(6):651-655,665.
[15] 王旭松,杨长春.对地震图像进行保护边缘滤波的非线性各向异性扩散算法[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):452-457.WANG Xusong,YANG Changchun.An edge preserving smoothing algorithm of seismic image using nonlinear anisotropic diffusion equation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006,21(2):452-457.
[16] 张尔华,王伟,高静怀,等.非线性各向异性扩散滤波器用于三维地震资料噪声衰减与结构特征增强[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(3):866-870.ZHANG Erhua,WANG Wei,GAO Jinghuai.Non-li-near anisotropic diffusion filtering for 3D seismic noise removal and structure enhancement[J].Progress in Geophysics,2010,25(3):866-870.
[17] 严哲,顾汉明,蔡成国.基于各向异性扩散滤波的地震图像增强处理[J].石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(3):390-394.YAN Zhe,GU Hanming,CAI Chengguo.Seismic image enhancement based on anisotropic diffusion[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(3):390-394.
[18] 杨千里,吴国忱,赵小龙.三维各向异性扩散滤波在地震数据处理中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(5):2287-2292.YANG Qianli,WU Guochen,ZHAO Xiaolong.Application of 3D anisotropic diffusion filter in seismic data processing[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(5):2287-2292.
[19] 姚振岸,孙成禹,石小磊,等.基于曲波变化和各向异性扩散滤波的联合去噪技术[J].石油学报,2016,37(4):490-498,507.YAO Zhen’an,SUN Chengyu,SHI Xiaolei,et al.A combined denoising method on Curvelet transform and anisotropic diffusion filtering[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(4):490-498,507.
[20] 姚振岸,孙成禹,唐杰.面向地质体边界保持的随机噪音压制方法研究[C].SPG/SEG 北京2016国际地球物理会议,2016,203-206.YAO Zhen’an,SUN Chengyu,TANG Jie.Geologic-target amplitude and edge preserving oriented random noise elimination[C].SPG/SEG Beijing 2016 International Geophysical Conference,2016,203-206.
[21] Entropy Wikipedia.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy,2012.
[22] 曹雪虹,张宗橙.信息论与编码[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2009.
[23] 李金才,马自辉,彭宇行,等.基于图像熵的各向异性扩散相干斑噪声抑制[J].物理学报,2013,62(9):099501.LI Jincai,MA Zihui,PENG Yuxing,et al.Speckle reduction by image entropy anisotropic diffusion[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2013,62(9):099501.
[24] Koenderink J.The structure of images[J].Biological Cybernetics,1984,50(5):363-370.
[25] 乔刚.基于各向异性扩散的图像处理技术及其应用[D].四川成都:电子科技大学,2012,24-30.QIAO Gang.Image Processing Technology Based on Anisotropic Diffusion and Its Application[D].Uni-versity of Electronic and Technology of China,Chengdu,Sichuan,2012,24-30.
[26] Perona P,Malik J.Scale space and edge detection using anisotropic diffusion[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence,1990,12(7):629-639.
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