基于Landsat影像的玉溪市红塔区土地覆盖分类及变化分析
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摘要
本文以玉溪市红塔区为例,基于2009年、2013年和2017年的Landsat遥感数据,采用支持向量机(SVM)及人工解译的方法获取对应的土地覆盖分类结果,其分类精度均达到80%以上,满足变化分析的需求。根据分类结果使用土地覆盖比例、土地覆盖变化幅度、土地覆盖转移矩阵以及土地覆盖动态度共4项指标,对红塔区2009年到2017的土地覆盖变化进行分析。结果表明:(1)耕地/裸地的覆盖比例减少了6.06%,建设用地、林地/草地、水域覆盖比例分别增加了4.36%、1.67%、0.03%;(2)建设用地和耕地/裸地的变化幅度较大,建设用地增加41.45 km~2,耕地面积减少了57.47km~2,水域和林地/草地变化较小,分别增加了0.27 km~2和15.76 km~2;(3)两个研究时段的建设用地和耕地/裸地的变化速度均较快,且在第一时段建设用地单一动态度达到6.81%,但后一时段相对于前一时段的综合动态度降低了0.53%,说明后一时段相对于前一时段土地覆盖变化程度得到了减缓。该研究结果为玉溪市红塔区相关部门更加有效地管理土地资源,提供了必要的决策依据。
Takeing Hongta District of Yuxi City as an example,the classification accuracy is more than 80% by using Support Vector Machine( SVM) and manual interpretation to get the corresponding land cover classification results based on the landsat remote sensing data of 2009,2013 and 2017 and,meet the needs of change analysis. Analysis of land cover change in Hongta District from2009 to 2017,the four indicators including land cover coverage ratio,the extent of land cover change,land cover transfer matrix,and the degree of land cover dynamics,show:(1)The coverage ratio of cultivated land/naked land decreased by 6. 06%,the proportion of construction land,forest land/grassland and water area increased by 4. 36%,1. 67% and 0. 03% respectively.(2) The construction land and cultivated land/naked land have a large change range,the construction land increased by 41. 45 km~2,and the cultivated land area decreased by 57. 47 km~2,and the water area and forest land/grassland changed little,increasing by 0. 27 km~2 and 15. 76 km~2 respectively.(3)The construction land and cultivated land/naked land change faster in the two study periods,and the annual change rate of construction land in the first period reaches 6. 81%,but the comprehensive dynamic degree of the latter period is relatively lower than the previous period by 0. 53%,indicating that the extent of land cover change in the latter period relative to the previous period has been slowed down. The research results provide the necessary decision-making basis for the relevant departments of Hongta District of Yuxi City to manage land resources more effectively.
Takeing Hongta District of Yuxi City as an example,the classification accuracy is more than 80% by using Support Vector Machine( SVM) and manual interpretation to get the corresponding land cover classification results based on the landsat remote sensing data of 2009,2013 and 2017 and,meet the needs of change analysis. Analysis of land cover change in Hongta District from2009 to 2017,the four indicators including land cover coverage ratio,the extent of land cover change,land cover transfer matrix,and the degree of land cover dynamics,show:(1)The coverage ratio of cultivated land/naked land decreased by 6. 06%,the proportion of construction land,forest land/grassland and water area increased by 4. 36%,1. 67% and 0. 03% respectively.(2) The construction land and cultivated land/naked land have a large change range,the construction land increased by 41. 45 km~2,and the cultivated land area decreased by 57. 47 km~2,and the water area and forest land/grassland changed little,increasing by 0. 27 km~2 and 15. 76 km~2 respectively.(3)The construction land and cultivated land/naked land change faster in the two study periods,and the annual change rate of construction land in the first period reaches 6. 81%,but the comprehensive dynamic degree of the latter period is relatively lower than the previous period by 0. 53%,indicating that the extent of land cover change in the latter period relative to the previous period has been slowed down. The research results provide the necessary decision-making basis for the relevant departments of Hongta District of Yuxi City to manage land resources more effectively.
引文
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[19]刘瑞,朱道林.基于转移矩阵的土地利用变化信息挖掘方法探讨[J].资源科学,2010,32(8):1544-1550.LIU R,ZHU D L.Discussion on information mining method of land use change based on transfer matrix[J].Resources Science,2010,32(8):1544-1550.
[20]满苏尔·沙比提,陆吐布拉·依明.新疆南疆地区土地利用变化及其生态效应[J].地理科学,2011,32(4):440-446.MANSUER S,LUTUBULA Y.Land use change and its ecological effects in southern Xinjiang[J].Geoscience,2011,32(4):440-446.
[21]王秀兰,包玉海.土地利用动态变化研究方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,1999,18(1):83-89.WANG X L,BAO Y H.Discussion on research methods of land use dynamic change[J].Progress in Geography,1999,18(1):83-89.
[22]曹智伟,马友鑫,李红梅.正向综合土地利用动态度模型及其应用---以西双版纳公路对土地利用的影响为例[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2006(S1):224-228.CAO Z W,MA Y X,LI H M.Forward integrated land use dynamics model and its application---taking the influence of Xishuangbanna highway on land use as an example[J].Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Science Edition),2006(S1):224-228.
[2]ASPINALL R.Modeling land use change with generalized linear models:a multi-model analysis of change between 1860 and 2000in Gallatin Valley,Montana[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2004,72(1-2):91-103.
[3]黄维,黄进良,王立辉,等.基于PCA的变化向量分析法遥感影像变化检测[J].国土资源遥感,2016,28(1):22-27.HUANG W,HUANG J L,WANG L H,et al.Remote sensing image change detection based on PCA-based variation vector analysis[J].Land and Resources Remote Sensing,2016,28(1):22-27.
[4]刘生龙,张永红.基于遥感影像的土地利用变化检测[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2018,41(1):145-148.LIU S L,ZHANG Y H.Detection of land use change based on remote sensing imagery[J].Surveying and Spatial Geography Information,2018,41(1):145-148.
[5]林耀奔,陈炳超.基于TM影像对土地利用动态变化的监测---以福州市为例[J].山西农业科学,2015,43(11):1468-1470.LIN Y B,CHEN B C.Monitoring of land use dynamic change based on TM image-a case study of Fuzhou city[J].Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2015,43(11):1468-1470.
[6]田传召,于阳,肖虹雁,等.基于TM影像的昆明市区土地利用遥感动态监测[J].林业资源管理,2014(4):103-108.TIAN C Z,YU Y,XIAO H Y,et al.Dynamic monitoring of land use remote sensing in Kunming city based on TM image[J].Forestry Resource Management,2014(4):103-108.
[7]付忠良,陈静.多时相Landsat数据动态监测城市土地利用变化一以上海市为例[J].地理信息世界,2016,23(6):26-30.FU Z L,CHEN J.Multi-temporal Landsat data dynamic monitoring of urban land use change:take Shanghai as an example[J].Geographic Information World,2016,23(6):26-30.
[8]常变蓉,李仁东.武汉市建设用地扩张遥感监测及空间分异分析[J].国土资源遥感,2017,29(3):118-123.CHANG B R,LI R D.Remote sensing monitoring and spatial differentiation analysis of construction land expansion in Wuhan[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,2017,29(3):118-123.
[9]ZHANG J,PHAM T,KALACSKA M,et al.Using landsat thematic mapper records to map land cover change and the impacts of reforestation programmes in the borderlands of southeast Yunnan,China:1990-2010[J].International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2014,31:25-36.
[10]吴一全,曹照清.基于小波变换和核独立分量分析的遥感图像变化检测[J].中国空间科学技术,2013,33(6):9-16.WU Y Q,CAO Z Q.Remote sensing image change detection based on wavelet transform and kernel independent component analysis[J].Chinese Space Science and Technology,2013,33(6):9-16.
[11]张洪敏,张艳芳,田茂,等.基于主成分分析的生态变化遥感监测---以宝鸡市城区为例[J].国土资源遥感,2018,30(1):203-209.ZHANG H M,ZHANG Y F,TIAN M,et al.Remote sensing monitoring of ecological change based on principal component analysis---taking Baoji City as an example[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,2018,30(1):203-209.
[12]韩鹏鹏,黄进良,李仁东,等.基于面向对象的坑塘遥感监测与动态分析[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(1):272-277.HAN P P,HUANG J L,LI R D,et al.Remote sensing monitoring and dynamic analysis of pit-and-pit based on object-oriented[J].Journal of Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(1):272-277.
[13]韦玉春.遥感图像数字处理教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.WEI Y C.Remote sensing image digital processing tutorial[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007.
[14]张银辉,赵庚星.土地利用/土地覆盖遥感分类方法的研究综述[J].中国农业资源与区划,2002,22(3):24-28.ZHANG Y H,ZHAO G X.Review of land use/land cover remote sensing classification methods[J].China Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,2002,22(3):24-28.
[15]CONGALTON R G.A review of assessing the accuracy of classifications of remotely sensed data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1999,37(1):35-46.
[16]夏清,杨武年.兴宾区土地利用变化遥感动态监测研究[J].测绘科学,2017,42(12):92-97.XIA Q,YANG W N.Remote sensing dynamic monitoring of land use change in Xingbin District[J].Surveying and Mapping Science,2017,42(12):92-97.
[17]国家统计局.玉溪市红塔区统计年鉴[J].北京:中国统计出版社,2009.National Bureau of Statistics.Yuxi Hongta District statistical yearbook[J].Beijing:China Statistics Press,2009.
[18]国家统计局.玉溪市红塔区统计年鉴[J].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.National Bureau of Statistics.Yuxi Hongta District statistical yearbook[J].Beijing:China Statistics Press,2017.
[19]刘瑞,朱道林.基于转移矩阵的土地利用变化信息挖掘方法探讨[J].资源科学,2010,32(8):1544-1550.LIU R,ZHU D L.Discussion on information mining method of land use change based on transfer matrix[J].Resources Science,2010,32(8):1544-1550.
[20]满苏尔·沙比提,陆吐布拉·依明.新疆南疆地区土地利用变化及其生态效应[J].地理科学,2011,32(4):440-446.MANSUER S,LUTUBULA Y.Land use change and its ecological effects in southern Xinjiang[J].Geoscience,2011,32(4):440-446.
[21]王秀兰,包玉海.土地利用动态变化研究方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,1999,18(1):83-89.WANG X L,BAO Y H.Discussion on research methods of land use dynamic change[J].Progress in Geography,1999,18(1):83-89.
[22]曹智伟,马友鑫,李红梅.正向综合土地利用动态度模型及其应用---以西双版纳公路对土地利用的影响为例[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2006(S1):224-228.CAO Z W,MA Y X,LI H M.Forward integrated land use dynamics model and its application---taking the influence of Xishuangbanna highway on land use as an example[J].Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Science Edition),2006(S1):224-228.
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