超深碳酸盐岩储层通道加砂酸压导流能力实验
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摘要
随着碳酸盐岩储层逐步向超深层开发,储层闭合应力增加,需要提高酸蚀裂缝在高压下的导流能力。将高通道加砂的方式与酸压相结合,通过实验测试优选支撑剂的强度及铺置方式,并测试了酸岩反应后连续加砂与通道加砂下的导流能力。实验结果表明,采用高强度的陶粒支撑剂可以有效地提高酸蚀裂缝在高压下的导流能力。在相同的加砂强度条件下,增加支撑剂团块的数量可以降低单个支撑剂柱的有效应力,提高支撑剂柱在高应力下的稳定性。在50 MPa应力条件下,采用86 MPa陶粒、高通道铺砂的方式,裂缝复合导流能力较常规酸蚀可以提高51%以上;90 MPa应力条件下,导流能力增加幅度达到700%以上。通过改变铺砂方式,既可以节约支撑剂数量,降低施工风险,也可以形成稳定牢固的通道支撑,大幅度提高超深碳酸盐岩储层酸蚀裂缝的导流能力。
As the deep carbonate reservoirs have high closure stress, it is necessary to improve the conductivity of acid etched fractures under high pressure. High channel sanding method with acid fracturing technology are used, the strength and lay mode of different type of proppant are optimized, and the diversion capacity of continuous sanding and channel sanding are tested. The experiment result shows that high strength ceramic granule proppant can improve the conductivity of acid erosion cracks under high pressure. Under the same sand-adding strength condition, increasing the number of supporting agent clumps can reduce the effective stress of single supporting agent column and improve the stability of supporting agent column under high stress. In the stress condition of 50 MPa, with 86 MPa ceramic particles and high channel sand paving, the fracture conductivity can increase 51%. The increase amplitude of flow conductivity reaches more than 700% in the condition of 90 MPa. Changing the sanding mode can save the quantity of support proppant, reduce construction risk, form the stable channel support and improve the conductivity of acid etched fractures in ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs.
As the deep carbonate reservoirs have high closure stress, it is necessary to improve the conductivity of acid etched fractures under high pressure. High channel sanding method with acid fracturing technology are used, the strength and lay mode of different type of proppant are optimized, and the diversion capacity of continuous sanding and channel sanding are tested. The experiment result shows that high strength ceramic granule proppant can improve the conductivity of acid erosion cracks under high pressure. Under the same sand-adding strength condition, increasing the number of supporting agent clumps can reduce the effective stress of single supporting agent column and improve the stability of supporting agent column under high stress. In the stress condition of 50 MPa, with 86 MPa ceramic particles and high channel sand paving, the fracture conductivity can increase 51%. The increase amplitude of flow conductivity reaches more than 700% in the condition of 90 MPa. Changing the sanding mode can save the quantity of support proppant, reduce construction risk, form the stable channel support and improve the conductivity of acid etched fractures in ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs.
引文
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[12] 刘向军.高速通道压裂工艺在低渗透油藏的应用[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(2):122-126.Liu X J. Application of Hiway technology in the low permeability reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2015, 22(2): 122-126. (in Chinese)
[13] 浮历沛,张贵才,葛际江,等.高通道压裂非均匀铺砂技术研究进展[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(5):1-7.Fu L P, Zhang G C, Ge J J, et al. Advances in non-uniform sanding of highway fracturing[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoir, 2016, 23(5): 1-7. (in Chinese)
[14] 姜浒,陈勉,张广清,等.碳酸盐岩储层加砂酸压支撑裂缝短期导流能力试验[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2009,33(4):89-92.Jiang H, Chen M, Zhang G Q, et al. Experiment on short-term conductivity of sand-adding acid-fracturing propping fractures in carbonate reservoir [J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum, 2009, 33(4):89-92. (in Chinese)
[2] 伊向艺.碳酸盐岩储层交联酸酸压技术研究与应用[D].成都:成都理工大学档案馆,2006.Yi X Y. Research and Application of Acid Fracturing Technology of Cross Linked Acid Fluid on Carbonate Reservoirs [D]. Chengdu: The Archive of Chengdu University of Technology, 2006. (in Chinese)
[3] 伊向艺,卢渊,李沁,等.碳酸盐岩储层交联酸携砂酸压改造新技术[J].中国科技论文,2010, 5(11):837-839.Yi X Y, Lu Y, Li Q, et al. On new acid fracturing technique with proppant-carrying crosslinked acid on carbonate reservoirs [J]. Science Paper, 2010, 5(11): 837-839. (in Chinese)
[4] 伊向艺,卢渊,宋毅,等.靖边气田白云岩储层交联酸酸压技术实践[J].油气地质与采收率,2008,15(6):92-94.Yi X Y, Lu Y, Song Y, et al. Acid fracturing technology practice of cross-linking acid fluid in dolomite reservoir of Jingbian Gasfield [J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2008, 15(6): 92-94. (in Chinese)
[5] 高跃宾,丁云宏,卢拥军,等.超深碳酸盐岩储层携砂酸压技术[J].油气井测试,2015,24(4):69-71. Gao Y B, Ding Y H, Lu Y J, et al. Sand acid fracturing technology in ultra-deep carbonate reservoir [J]. Well Testing, 2015, 24(4): 69-71. (in Chinese)
[6] 王永辉,李永平,程兴生,等.高温深层碳酸盐岩储层酸化压裂改造技术[J].石油学报,2012,33(增刊2):166-173.Wang Y H, Li Y P, Cheng X S, et al. A new acid fracturing technique for carbonate reservoirs with high-temperature and deep layer [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2012, 33(S2): 166-173. (in Chinese)
[7] 王永辉,车明光,张福祥,等.加砂压裂技术在高温深井碳酸盐岩储层成功应用[J].油气井测试,2016,25(4):46-49.Wang Y H, Che M G, Zhang F X, et al. Successful sand fracturing on deep/high temperature carbonate reservoir[J]. Well Testing, 2016, 25(4): 46-49. (in Chinese)
[8] 何青,李克智,徐兵威,等.致密碳酸盐岩气藏前置酸加砂酸压工艺研究及应用[J].钻采工艺,2014,37(5):71-73.He Q, Li K Z, Xu B W, et al. Research and application of pad acid sand fracturing technology in tight carbonate reservoir[J]. Drilling & Production Technology, 2014, 37(5): 71-73. (in Chinese)
[9] 庄园,王世彬,郭建春.提高均质致密碳酸盐岩储层酸蚀裂缝导流能力效果研究[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(20):35-38.Zhuang Y, Wang S B, Guo J C. Improve the effect of acid etching fracture conductivity in homogeneous tight carbonate reservoirs[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2014, 14(20): 35-38. (in Chinese)
[10] 钟森,任山,黄禹忠,等.高速通道压裂技术在国外的研究与应用[J].中外能源, 2012,17(6):39-42.Zhong S, Ren S, Huang Y Z, et al. Research and application of channel fracturing technique in foreign oil and gas field[J]. Sino-Global Energy, 2012, 17(6): 39-42. (in Chinese)
[11] 吴顺林,李宪文,张矿生,等.一种实现裂缝高导流能力的脉冲加砂压裂新方法[J].断块油气田,2014,21(1):110-113.Wu S L, Li X W, Zhang K S, et al. A new method of pulse sand fracturing to achieve high conductivity of fracture [J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field, 2014, 21(1): 110-113. (in Chinese)
[12] 刘向军.高速通道压裂工艺在低渗透油藏的应用[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(2):122-126.Liu X J. Application of Hiway technology in the low permeability reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2015, 22(2): 122-126. (in Chinese)
[13] 浮历沛,张贵才,葛际江,等.高通道压裂非均匀铺砂技术研究进展[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(5):1-7.Fu L P, Zhang G C, Ge J J, et al. Advances in non-uniform sanding of highway fracturing[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoir, 2016, 23(5): 1-7. (in Chinese)
[14] 姜浒,陈勉,张广清,等.碳酸盐岩储层加砂酸压支撑裂缝短期导流能力试验[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2009,33(4):89-92.Jiang H, Chen M, Zhang G Q, et al. Experiment on short-term conductivity of sand-adding acid-fracturing propping fractures in carbonate reservoir [J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum, 2009, 33(4):89-92. (in Chinese)
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