金属粉对NC/TMETN/FOX-7低敏感改性双基推进剂燃烧性能的影响
|
摘要
采用燃速-靶线法研究了铝粉(Al)、镁铝合金粉(Mg-Al)和硼粉(B)以及铝粉含量、粒度等对NC/TMETN/FOX-7改性双基推进剂燃烧性能(燃速和压强指数)的影响;采用单幅放大彩色摄影法研究了其火焰结构。结果表明,推进剂配方中添加金属粉可提高NC/TMETN/FOX-7改性双基推进剂的燃速,金属粉使推进剂燃速的增大幅度由大到小依次为:Al-Mg>Al>B;随着Al粉(粒径12.5μm)质量分数由0增至10%,NC/TMETN/FOX-7推进剂的燃速先增大后减小,当铝粉质量分数为5%时推进剂燃速最高,达到21.19mm/s;NC/TMETN/FOX-7改性双基推进剂的燃速随着铝粉粒度的增大而增大,铝粉粒径由12.5μm增至45μm时,10MPa下推进剂的燃速由21.19mm/s增至24.47mm/s,8～14MPa的压强指数降至0.20以下;NC/TMETN/FOX-7推进剂的火焰结构与NC/NG基推进剂相似,由预热区、亚表面及表面区、暗区和火焰区组成,各区之间的界限不明显。
The effects of different metal powders such as aluminum(Al) powder, magnesium-aluminum alloy(Mg-Al) powder and boron(B) powder, as well as the content and particle size of Al powder on the combustion performance(burning rate and pressure exponent) of NC/TMETN/FOX-7 CMDB propellant were studied by a burning rate-strand burner method. The flame structures of the propellant were studied by single amplification color photography. The results show that the burning rate of NC/TMETN/FOX-7 CMDB propellant can be improved by adding metal powder into propellant formulation. The burning rate of propellant by metal powder decreases in the order of Al-Mg>Al>B. With the increase of Al powder(particle size as 12.5μm) mass fraction from 0 to 10%, the burning rate of NC/TMETN/FOX-7 propellant increases first and then decreases. When the mass fraction of Al powder is 5%, the burning rate of propellant reaches the highest of 21.19 mm/s. The burning rate of NC/TMETN/FOX-7 CMDB propellant increases with the increase of particle size of Al powder. When the particle size of Al powder increases from 12.5μm to 45μm, the burning rate increases from 21.19 mm/s to 24.47 mm/s at 10 MPa and the pressure exponent at 8-14 MPa decreases below 0.20. The flame structures of NC/TMETN/FOX-7 propellant is similar to that of NC/NG based propellant, which consists of preheating zone, subsurface zone, dark zone and flame zone, and the boundary of each zone is not very obvious.
The effects of different metal powders such as aluminum(Al) powder, magnesium-aluminum alloy(Mg-Al) powder and boron(B) powder, as well as the content and particle size of Al powder on the combustion performance(burning rate and pressure exponent) of NC/TMETN/FOX-7 CMDB propellant were studied by a burning rate-strand burner method. The flame structures of the propellant were studied by single amplification color photography. The results show that the burning rate of NC/TMETN/FOX-7 CMDB propellant can be improved by adding metal powder into propellant formulation. The burning rate of propellant by metal powder decreases in the order of Al-Mg>Al>B. With the increase of Al powder(particle size as 12.5μm) mass fraction from 0 to 10%, the burning rate of NC/TMETN/FOX-7 propellant increases first and then decreases. When the mass fraction of Al powder is 5%, the burning rate of propellant reaches the highest of 21.19 mm/s. The burning rate of NC/TMETN/FOX-7 CMDB propellant increases with the increase of particle size of Al powder. When the particle size of Al powder increases from 12.5μm to 45μm, the burning rate increases from 21.19 mm/s to 24.47 mm/s at 10 MPa and the pressure exponent at 8-14 MPa decreases below 0.20. The flame structures of NC/TMETN/FOX-7 propellant is similar to that of NC/NG based propellant, which consists of preheating zone, subsurface zone, dark zone and flame zone, and the boundary of each zone is not very obvious.
引文
[1] 张超,杨立波,袁志锋,等.含LLM-105无烟CMDB推进剂的燃烧性能[J].火炸药学报,2014,37(5):77-80. ZHANG Chao,YANG Li-bo,YUAN Zhi-feng,et al.Combustion characteristics of smokeless composite modified double base propellants containing 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitro pyrazine-1-oxide[J].Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants(Huozhayao Xuebao), 2014,37(5):77-80.
[2] 刘所恩,陈锦芳,潘葆,等.新型螺压改性双基推进剂[J].兵工学报,2015,36(3):1123-1127. LIU Suo-en, CHEN Jin-fang,PAN Bao, et al.Study of novel screw extruded high energy composite double-base propellant[J].Acta Armamentarii,2015, 36(3):1123-1127.
[3] 张超,张晓宏,杨立波,等.含LLM-105的改性双基推进剂的机械感度[J].火工品,2014(2):33-36. ZHANG Chao,ZHANG Xiao-hong, YANG Li-bo,et al.Mechanical sensitivity of composite modified double base propellant containing 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitro pyrazine-1-oxide[J]. Initiators & Pyrotechnics,2014(2):33-36.
[4] 陈京,王晗,刘萌,等.复合改性双基推进剂降感技术及感度机理研究进展[J].火炸药学报,2017,40(6):7-10. CHEN Jing,WANG Han,LIU Meng, et al.Progress of study on desensitization techniques and sensitivity mechanisms of composite modified double-base propellants[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants(Huozhayao Xuebao),2017,40(6):7-10.
[5] 齐晓飞,张晓宏,郭昕,等. NENA对NC溶塑作用的实验与模拟[J].固体火箭技术,2012,36(4):516-520. QI Xiao-fei,ZHANG Xiao-hong,GUO Xin, et al. Experiments and simulation on plastication of NENA on NC[J].Journal of Solid Rocket Technology, 2012,36(4):516-520.
[6] OYUMI Y,KIMURA E.Insensitive munitious and combustion characteristics of TMETN composition propellant[J].Propellant,Explosives,Pyrotechnics,1996,121(5):271-276.
[7] 徐琰璐,薛金强,刘飞,等.三羟甲基乙烷三硝酸酯的合成及应用[J].化学推进剂与高分子材料,2014,12(6):70-72. Xu Yan-lu, Xue Jin-qiang, Liu Fei, et al.Synthesis and application of trimethylolethane trinitrate[J]. Chemical Propellants & Polymeric Materials,2014,12(6):70-72.
[8] 赵凤起,杨栋,李上文,等.以NC和TMETN为基的微烟推进剂机械感度研究[J].火炸药学报,1999,22(4):5-8. ZHAO Feng-qi, YANG Dong, LI Shang-wen,et al.Impact and friction sensitivity of minimum smoke propellant based on NC and TMETN[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants(Huozhayao Xuebao), 1999,22(4):5-8.
[9] 姬月萍,李普瑞,汪伟,等.含能增塑剂的研究现状及发展[J].火炸药学报,2005,8(4):47-51. JI Yue-ping,LI Pu-rui,WANG Wei, et al.A review of recent advances of energetic plasticizers[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants(Huozhayao Xuebao), 2005,8(4):47-51.
[10] 赵凤起,徐司雨,仪建华,含TMETN的钝感推进剂燃烧特性数值模拟[J].含能材料,2006,14(6):406-410. ZHAO Feng-qi,XU Si-yu,YI Jian-hua, et al.Numerical simulation for combustion characteristics of insensitive propellant containing trimethylolethane trinitrate(TMETN)[J].Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2006,14(6):406-410.
[11] BENCHABNE M, MIOUSSE D.Stabilisation du melange na-TMETN[C]//Proceeding of the 31th Internationl AnnualConference of ICT.Karlsruhe:ICT,1990:77-1/77-14.
[12] 石小兵,庞维强,蔚红建.钝感推进剂研究进展及发展趋势[J].化学推进剂与高分子材料,2007(2):24-28. SHI Xiao-bing,PANG Wei-qiang,YU Hong-jian.Research Progress and development trends of insensitive propellant[J].Chemical Propellants & Polymeric Materials,2007(2):24-28.
[13] Rosenband V,Gany A.Amicroscopic and analycis stu-dy of aluminum particles agglomeration[J].Combustion,Science and Technology, 2001,166(1):91-108.
[14] Richard A Yetter,Grant A Risha,Steven F Son.Metal particle combustion and nanotechnology[J].Proceedings of the Combustion Institute,2009,32:1819-1838.
[15] Rashkovsky S A.Aluminum agglomeration in composite solid propellant combustion[J].Journal de Pyhsique,2002,12(7):453-458.
[16] 张勤林,王英红,李葆萱,等.提高硼粉在氧弹中燃烧效率的研究[J].固体火箭技术,2011,34(2):220-224. ZHANG Qin-lin,WANG Ying-hong,LI Bao-xuan,et al.Study on improving combustion efficiency of boron powders in oxygen bomb [J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology, 2011,34(2):220-224.
[17] 李吉祯,樊学忠,刘小刚.AP和Al粉对AP-CMDB推进剂燃烧性能的影响[J].火炸药学报,2008,31(4):61-63. LI Ji-zhen, FAN Xue-zhong, LIU Xiao-gang.Influence of ammonium perchlorate and aluminum powder on the combustion characteristics of AP-CMDB propellant[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants(Huozhayao Xuebao), 2008,31(4):61-63.
[18] 李疏芬,金乐骥.铝粉粒度对含铝推进剂燃烧特性的影响[J].含能材料,1996,4(2):68-74. LI Shu-fen, JIN Le-ji.Effect of particle size on combustion characteristics of aluminum containing propellant[J].Journal of Energetic Materials, 1996,4(2):68-74.
[19] 吴雄岗,李笑江,宋桂贤,等.铝粉粒径对改性双基推进剂燃烧性能的影响[J].火炸药学报, 2010,33(3):80-83. WU Xiong-gang,LI Xiao-jiang, SONG Gui-xian, et al.Effects of aluminum powder diameters on the combustion performance of CMDB propellant[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants(Huozhayao Xuebao), 2010,33(3):80-83.
[20] Shoshin Y L,Mudryy R S,Dreizin E L.Preparation andcharacterization of energetic AI-Mg mechanical alloy owders[J].Combustion and Flame,2002,12(8):259-269.
[2] 刘所恩,陈锦芳,潘葆,等.新型螺压改性双基推进剂[J].兵工学报,2015,36(3):1123-1127. LIU Suo-en, CHEN Jin-fang,PAN Bao, et al.Study of novel screw extruded high energy composite double-base propellant[J].Acta Armamentarii,2015, 36(3):1123-1127.
[3] 张超,张晓宏,杨立波,等.含LLM-105的改性双基推进剂的机械感度[J].火工品,2014(2):33-36. ZHANG Chao,ZHANG Xiao-hong, YANG Li-bo,et al.Mechanical sensitivity of composite modified double base propellant containing 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitro pyrazine-1-oxide[J]. Initiators & Pyrotechnics,2014(2):33-36.
[4] 陈京,王晗,刘萌,等.复合改性双基推进剂降感技术及感度机理研究进展[J].火炸药学报,2017,40(6):7-10. CHEN Jing,WANG Han,LIU Meng, et al.Progress of study on desensitization techniques and sensitivity mechanisms of composite modified double-base propellants[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants(Huozhayao Xuebao),2017,40(6):7-10.
[5] 齐晓飞,张晓宏,郭昕,等. NENA对NC溶塑作用的实验与模拟[J].固体火箭技术,2012,36(4):516-520. QI Xiao-fei,ZHANG Xiao-hong,GUO Xin, et al. Experiments and simulation on plastication of NENA on NC[J].Journal of Solid Rocket Technology, 2012,36(4):516-520.
[6] OYUMI Y,KIMURA E.Insensitive munitious and combustion characteristics of TMETN composition propellant[J].Propellant,Explosives,Pyrotechnics,1996,121(5):271-276.
[7] 徐琰璐,薛金强,刘飞,等.三羟甲基乙烷三硝酸酯的合成及应用[J].化学推进剂与高分子材料,2014,12(6):70-72. Xu Yan-lu, Xue Jin-qiang, Liu Fei, et al.Synthesis and application of trimethylolethane trinitrate[J]. Chemical Propellants & Polymeric Materials,2014,12(6):70-72.
[8] 赵凤起,杨栋,李上文,等.以NC和TMETN为基的微烟推进剂机械感度研究[J].火炸药学报,1999,22(4):5-8. ZHAO Feng-qi, YANG Dong, LI Shang-wen,et al.Impact and friction sensitivity of minimum smoke propellant based on NC and TMETN[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants(Huozhayao Xuebao), 1999,22(4):5-8.
[9] 姬月萍,李普瑞,汪伟,等.含能增塑剂的研究现状及发展[J].火炸药学报,2005,8(4):47-51. JI Yue-ping,LI Pu-rui,WANG Wei, et al.A review of recent advances of energetic plasticizers[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants(Huozhayao Xuebao), 2005,8(4):47-51.
[10] 赵凤起,徐司雨,仪建华,含TMETN的钝感推进剂燃烧特性数值模拟[J].含能材料,2006,14(6):406-410. ZHAO Feng-qi,XU Si-yu,YI Jian-hua, et al.Numerical simulation for combustion characteristics of insensitive propellant containing trimethylolethane trinitrate(TMETN)[J].Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2006,14(6):406-410.
[11] BENCHABNE M, MIOUSSE D.Stabilisation du melange na-TMETN[C]//Proceeding of the 31th Internationl AnnualConference of ICT.Karlsruhe:ICT,1990:77-1/77-14.
[12] 石小兵,庞维强,蔚红建.钝感推进剂研究进展及发展趋势[J].化学推进剂与高分子材料,2007(2):24-28. SHI Xiao-bing,PANG Wei-qiang,YU Hong-jian.Research Progress and development trends of insensitive propellant[J].Chemical Propellants & Polymeric Materials,2007(2):24-28.
[13] Rosenband V,Gany A.Amicroscopic and analycis stu-dy of aluminum particles agglomeration[J].Combustion,Science and Technology, 2001,166(1):91-108.
[14] Richard A Yetter,Grant A Risha,Steven F Son.Metal particle combustion and nanotechnology[J].Proceedings of the Combustion Institute,2009,32:1819-1838.
[15] Rashkovsky S A.Aluminum agglomeration in composite solid propellant combustion[J].Journal de Pyhsique,2002,12(7):453-458.
[16] 张勤林,王英红,李葆萱,等.提高硼粉在氧弹中燃烧效率的研究[J].固体火箭技术,2011,34(2):220-224. ZHANG Qin-lin,WANG Ying-hong,LI Bao-xuan,et al.Study on improving combustion efficiency of boron powders in oxygen bomb [J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology, 2011,34(2):220-224.
[17] 李吉祯,樊学忠,刘小刚.AP和Al粉对AP-CMDB推进剂燃烧性能的影响[J].火炸药学报,2008,31(4):61-63. LI Ji-zhen, FAN Xue-zhong, LIU Xiao-gang.Influence of ammonium perchlorate and aluminum powder on the combustion characteristics of AP-CMDB propellant[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants(Huozhayao Xuebao), 2008,31(4):61-63.
[18] 李疏芬,金乐骥.铝粉粒度对含铝推进剂燃烧特性的影响[J].含能材料,1996,4(2):68-74. LI Shu-fen, JIN Le-ji.Effect of particle size on combustion characteristics of aluminum containing propellant[J].Journal of Energetic Materials, 1996,4(2):68-74.
[19] 吴雄岗,李笑江,宋桂贤,等.铝粉粒径对改性双基推进剂燃烧性能的影响[J].火炸药学报, 2010,33(3):80-83. WU Xiong-gang,LI Xiao-jiang, SONG Gui-xian, et al.Effects of aluminum powder diameters on the combustion performance of CMDB propellant[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants(Huozhayao Xuebao), 2010,33(3):80-83.
[20] Shoshin Y L,Mudryy R S,Dreizin E L.Preparation andcharacterization of energetic AI-Mg mechanical alloy owders[J].Combustion and Flame,2002,12(8):259-269.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |