川西南威远地区页岩气效益“甜点区”地震综合预测方法及其应用
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摘要
川西南威远地区钻井少,仅靠运用岩心、测井资料评价预测w(TOC)、孔隙度和脆性等"甜点区"核心指标的平面分布难度较大。利用地震资料预测不但能弥补该区钻井资料少的不足,而且能评价无井地区页岩"甜点区"的核心指标。以研究区五峰组—龙马溪组龙一1亚段为研究对象,首先在页岩储层测井响应特征和岩石物理分析的基础上,明确页岩储层孔隙度和w(TOC)的敏感参数分别为纵波速度和密度,并建立定量关系和地震预测模型;然后依据定量关系开展地震数据全道集叠前同时反演,从而预测页岩储层的孔隙度、w(TOC)和脆性指数;最后对页岩储层孔隙度、w(TOC)、裂缝和脆性等核心参数的预测结果进行综合分析及评价。结果表明:地震预测的效益"甜点区"分布趋势与已钻井符合率较高,预测结果较为可靠;研究区中部和南部地区孔隙度、总有机碳含量整体较高,裂缝较发育,脆性指数高,为页岩气勘探开发的效益"甜点区"。页岩气效益"甜点区"地震预测方法能有效预测"甜点"的空间分布,对该区块乃至川西南地区页岩气的规模效益开发具有指导意义。
There are few drilled wells in Weiyuan area of Southwest Sichuan, it is rather difficult to evaluate and predict the planar distributions of the core indicators of the "sweet spot block" such as TOC, porosity, brittleness and so on only by means of the core, well logging data. With the help of the seismic data prediction, the lack of drilling data in this area can not only be made up, but also can evaluate the core indicators of the shale sweet-point block in the no-well area. Take Wufeng Formation-Longmaxi Formation Sub-member Longyi-1 in the study area as the research object,firstly, based on the log response characteristics and petrophysical analysis of the shale reservoirs, the shale reservoir porosity and TOC sensitivity parameters were determined as the longitudinal wave velocity and density, and moreover the quantitative relationships and seismic prediction models were established; and then, according to the quantitative relationships, the pre-stacked simultaneous inversion was conducted for the seismic data full-gather, the porosity, TOC and brittleness index of the shale reservoirs were predicted; finally, the predicted results of the core parameters such as the shale reservoir porosity, TOC, crack and brittleness and so forth were comprehensively analyzed and evaluated. The results show that the distribution trend of the effect "sweet spot block" for the seismic prediction has a higher coincidence rate with the drillings, the prediction results are more reliable; the porosity and TOC content in the central and southern parts of the study area are higher overall, the cracks are more developed, and the brittleness index is pretty higher, thus these areas have become the effect "sweet spot blocks" of the shale gas exploration and development. The seismic predicting method for the shale-gas effect "sweet spot block" can effectively predict the spatial distribution of the sweet-point, and possess the guiding significance for the scale-benefit development of the shale gas in this block and even in Southwest Sichuan.
There are few drilled wells in Weiyuan area of Southwest Sichuan, it is rather difficult to evaluate and predict the planar distributions of the core indicators of the "sweet spot block" such as TOC, porosity, brittleness and so on only by means of the core, well logging data. With the help of the seismic data prediction, the lack of drilling data in this area can not only be made up, but also can evaluate the core indicators of the shale sweet-point block in the no-well area. Take Wufeng Formation-Longmaxi Formation Sub-member Longyi-1 in the study area as the research object,firstly, based on the log response characteristics and petrophysical analysis of the shale reservoirs, the shale reservoir porosity and TOC sensitivity parameters were determined as the longitudinal wave velocity and density, and moreover the quantitative relationships and seismic prediction models were established; and then, according to the quantitative relationships, the pre-stacked simultaneous inversion was conducted for the seismic data full-gather, the porosity, TOC and brittleness index of the shale reservoirs were predicted; finally, the predicted results of the core parameters such as the shale reservoir porosity, TOC, crack and brittleness and so forth were comprehensively analyzed and evaluated. The results show that the distribution trend of the effect "sweet spot block" for the seismic prediction has a higher coincidence rate with the drillings, the prediction results are more reliable; the porosity and TOC content in the central and southern parts of the study area are higher overall, the cracks are more developed, and the brittleness index is pretty higher, thus these areas have become the effect "sweet spot blocks" of the shale gas exploration and development. The seismic predicting method for the shale-gas effect "sweet spot block" can effectively predict the spatial distribution of the sweet-point, and possess the guiding significance for the scale-benefit development of the shale gas in this block and even in Southwest Sichuan.
引文
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[9]郭旭升, 尹正武, 李金磊. 海相页岩含气量地震定量预测技术及其应用:以四川盆地焦石坝地区为例[J].石油地球物理勘探, 2015,50(1): 144-149.GUO Xusheng, YIN Zhengwu, LI Jinlei. Quantitative seismic prediction of marine shale gas content:A case study in Jiaoshiba area,Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2015,50(1): 144-149.
[10]周印明, 刘雪军, 张春贺, 等. 快速识别页岩气“甜点”目标的时频电磁勘探技术及应用[J].物探与化探, 2015,39(1): 61-63.ZHOU Yinming, LIU Xuejun, ZHANG Chunhe, et al. The TEEM technology for quick identification of “sweet spot” of shale gas and its applications[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2015,39(1): 61-63.
[11]许杰,何治亮,董宁,等.含气页岩有机碳含量地球物理预测[J].石油地球物理勘探, 2013,48(增刊1):64-68.XU Jie, HE Zhiliang, DONG Ning, et al. Total organic carbon content prediction of gas-bearing shale with geophysical methods[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2013, 48(S1):64-68.
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