上覆土竖向惯性力对浅埋地下框架结构地震损伤反应影响离心机振动台模型试验研究
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摘要
已有研究表明不同轴压比下中柱侧向变形能力是影响浅埋框架地铁车站结构抗震性能的关键因素。为了研究由竖向地震作用引起的柱轴压比增高对浅埋地下框架结构的地震损伤反应的影响,采取在结构上覆土中掺入钢砂的方式体现上覆土的竖向惯性力作用,开展地下结构地震破坏离心机振动台模型试验研究。试验结果表明:结构上覆土体掺钢砂的方式对土-结构体系的动力特性、地震作用下地下结构顶、底板水平相对位移反应影响不大;增加上覆土竖向惯性力较大地改变了围岩土体与地下结构的接触压力分布形式,进而改变结构各构件的内力状态,使得框架结构中的关键竖向承力柱的轴压比升高;增加上覆土竖向惯性力导致地下结构框架受力及中柱轴压比增高的后果使得地下框架结构更易发生地震破坏。
Previous researches have showed that the columns under different axial compression ratios performed different lateral deformation capacities, which is the key factor of aseismic performance of the shallow-buried subway frame structures. In this study, dynamic centrifuge model tests on earthquake damage to underground structure are carried out. The model tests aim to shed lights on the effect of the increased axial compression ratio of column, which is induced by the vertical earthquake excitation, on earthquake damage responses of shallow-buried underground frame structures. To simulate the effect of vertical inertia force of overburden soil,the steel grits are mixed into the overburden soil layer. Test results indicate that the way of mixing the steel grits into the overburden soil layer has little influence on dynamic characteristics of soil-structure system and relative horizontal displacement between ceiling slab and bottom slab due to seismic excitation. The increased vertical inertia force of overburden soil significantly changes the contact pressure distribution between underground structure and surrounding soil, and the stress states of structural member are changed accordingly, leading to the increase of axial compression ratio of the key vertical load bearing column in the underground frame structure.Consequently, increasing vertical inertia force of overburden soil effectively increases the stresses of the structural frame and axial compression ratio of middle columns, so that the underground frame structure is more susceptible to seismic damage.
Previous researches have showed that the columns under different axial compression ratios performed different lateral deformation capacities, which is the key factor of aseismic performance of the shallow-buried subway frame structures. In this study, dynamic centrifuge model tests on earthquake damage to underground structure are carried out. The model tests aim to shed lights on the effect of the increased axial compression ratio of column, which is induced by the vertical earthquake excitation, on earthquake damage responses of shallow-buried underground frame structures. To simulate the effect of vertical inertia force of overburden soil,the steel grits are mixed into the overburden soil layer. Test results indicate that the way of mixing the steel grits into the overburden soil layer has little influence on dynamic characteristics of soil-structure system and relative horizontal displacement between ceiling slab and bottom slab due to seismic excitation. The increased vertical inertia force of overburden soil significantly changes the contact pressure distribution between underground structure and surrounding soil, and the stress states of structural member are changed accordingly, leading to the increase of axial compression ratio of the key vertical load bearing column in the underground frame structure.Consequently, increasing vertical inertia force of overburden soil effectively increases the stresses of the structural frame and axial compression ratio of middle columns, so that the underground frame structure is more susceptible to seismic damage.
引文
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[10]庄海洋,程绍革,陈国兴.阪神地震中大开地铁车站震害机制数值仿真分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(1):245-250(Zhuang Haiyang,Cheng Shaoge,Chen Guoxing.Numerical simulation and analysis of earthquake damages of Dakai metro station caused by Kobe earthquake[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(1):245-250(in Chinese))
[11]杜修力,王刚,路德春.日本阪神地震中大开地铁车站地震破坏机理分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2016,36(2):165-171(Du Xiuli,Wang Gang,Lu Dechun.Earthquake damage mechanism analysis of Dakai metro station by Kobe earthquake[J].Joural of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2016,36(2):165-171(in Chinese))
[12]杜修力,马超,路德春,等.大开地铁车站地震破坏模拟与机理分析[J].土木工程学报,2017,50(1):53-62(Du Xiuli,Ma Chao,Lu Dechun,et al.Collapse simulation and failure mechanism analysis of the Dakai subway station under seismic loads[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2017,50(1):53-62(in Chinese))
[13]刘晶波,刘祥庆,王宗纲,等.土-结构动力相互作用系统离心机振动台模型试验[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(11):114-121(Liu Jingbo,Liu Xiangqing,Wang Zonggang,et al.Dynamic centrifuge model test of a soil-structure interaction system[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(11):114-121(in Chinese))
[14]赵冬冬.城市地铁地下结构地震反应的试验研究与数值模拟[D].北京:清华大学,2013(Zhao Dongdong.Experimental study and numerical simulation on seismic response of urban underground subway structures[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2013(in Chinese))
[15]凌道盛,郭恒,蔡武军,等.地铁车站地震破坏离心机振动台模型试验研究[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2012,46(12):2201-2209(Ling Daosheng,Guo Heng,Cai Wujun,et al.Research on seismic damage of metro station with centrifuge shaking table model test[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science Edition,2012,46(12):2201-2209(in Chinese))
[16]川西智浩,清野純史,井澤淳.側壁の損傷に着目した開削トンネルの地震時耐力把握のための実験的研究[C]//土木学会論文集A1,2013,69(4):509-516(Kawanishi T,Kiyono J,Izawa J.An experimental study on the failure behavior and the strength of a cut and cover tunnel[C]//Journal of JSCE A1,2013,69(4):509-516(in Japanese))
[17]杜修力,许紫刚,许成顺,等.浅埋地下结构地震反应分析的惯性力-位移法[J].岩土工程学报,2018,40(4):583-591(Du Xiuli,Xu Zigang,Xu Chengshun,et al.Inertia force-displacement method for seismic analysis of shallow buried underground structure[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2018,40(4):583-591(in Chinese))
[18]杜修力,李洋,许成顺,等.1995年日本阪神地震大开地铁车站震害原因及机理分析研究进展[J].岩土工程学报,2018,40(2):223-236(Du Xiuli,Li Yang,Xu Chengshun,et al.Review on damage causes and disaster mechanism of Dakai subway station in the 1995Osaka-Kobe earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2018,40(2):223-236(in Chinese))
[19]陈云敏,韩超,凌道盛,等.ZJU400离心机研制及其振动台性能评价[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(12):1887-1894(Chen Yunmin,Han Chao,Ling Daosheng,et al.Development of geotechnical centrifuge ZJU400 and performance assessment of its shaking table system[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(12):1887-1894(in Chinese))
[2]Huo H,Bobet A,Fernández G,et al.Load transfer mechanisms between underground structure and surrounding ground:evaluation of the failure of the daikai station[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2005,131(12):1522-1533
[3]Amorosi A,Boldini D.Numerical modelling of the transverse dynamic behaviour of circular tunnels in clayey soils[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2009,29(6):1059-1072
[4]曹炳政,罗奇峰,马硕,等.神户大开地铁车站的地震反应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(4):102-107(Cao Bingzheng,Luo Qifeng,Ma Shuo,et al.Seismic response analysis of Dakai subway station in hygoken-nanbu earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(4):102-107(in Chinese))
[5]刘祥庆,刘晶波.基于纤维模型的拱形断面地铁车站结构弹塑性地震反应时程分析[J].工程力学,2008,25(10):150-157(Liu Xiangqing,Liu Jingbo.Time history analysis of elasto-plastic seismic response of a subway station structure with arched cross section based on fiber model[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(10):150-157(in Chinese))
[6]杜修力,康凯丽,许紫刚,等.地下结构地震反应的主要特征及规律[J].土木工程学报,2018,51(7):11-21(Du Xiuli,Kang Kaili,Xu Zigang,et al.Main characteristics and rules of seismic response of underground structures[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2018,51(7):11-21(in Chinese))
[7]矢的照夫,梅原俊夫,青木一二三,等.兵庫県南部地震による神戸高速鉄道?大開駅の被害とその要因分析[C]//土木学会論文集,1996(537):303-320(Yamato T,Umehara T,Aoki H,et al.Damge to daikai subway station of Kobe rapid transit system and estimation of its reason during the 1995 hyogokennanbu earthquake[C]//Journal of JSCE,1996(537):303-320(in Japanese))
[8]An X,Shawky A A,Maekawa K.The collapse mechanism of a subway station during the great hanshin earthquake[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,1997,19(3):241-257
[9]Parra-Montesinos G J,Bobet A,Ramirez J A.Evaluation of soil-structure interaction and structural collapse in daikai subway station during Kobe earthquake[J].ACIStructural Journal,2006,103(1):113-122
[10]庄海洋,程绍革,陈国兴.阪神地震中大开地铁车站震害机制数值仿真分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(1):245-250(Zhuang Haiyang,Cheng Shaoge,Chen Guoxing.Numerical simulation and analysis of earthquake damages of Dakai metro station caused by Kobe earthquake[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(1):245-250(in Chinese))
[11]杜修力,王刚,路德春.日本阪神地震中大开地铁车站地震破坏机理分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2016,36(2):165-171(Du Xiuli,Wang Gang,Lu Dechun.Earthquake damage mechanism analysis of Dakai metro station by Kobe earthquake[J].Joural of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2016,36(2):165-171(in Chinese))
[12]杜修力,马超,路德春,等.大开地铁车站地震破坏模拟与机理分析[J].土木工程学报,2017,50(1):53-62(Du Xiuli,Ma Chao,Lu Dechun,et al.Collapse simulation and failure mechanism analysis of the Dakai subway station under seismic loads[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2017,50(1):53-62(in Chinese))
[13]刘晶波,刘祥庆,王宗纲,等.土-结构动力相互作用系统离心机振动台模型试验[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(11):114-121(Liu Jingbo,Liu Xiangqing,Wang Zonggang,et al.Dynamic centrifuge model test of a soil-structure interaction system[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(11):114-121(in Chinese))
[14]赵冬冬.城市地铁地下结构地震反应的试验研究与数值模拟[D].北京:清华大学,2013(Zhao Dongdong.Experimental study and numerical simulation on seismic response of urban underground subway structures[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2013(in Chinese))
[15]凌道盛,郭恒,蔡武军,等.地铁车站地震破坏离心机振动台模型试验研究[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2012,46(12):2201-2209(Ling Daosheng,Guo Heng,Cai Wujun,et al.Research on seismic damage of metro station with centrifuge shaking table model test[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science Edition,2012,46(12):2201-2209(in Chinese))
[16]川西智浩,清野純史,井澤淳.側壁の損傷に着目した開削トンネルの地震時耐力把握のための実験的研究[C]//土木学会論文集A1,2013,69(4):509-516(Kawanishi T,Kiyono J,Izawa J.An experimental study on the failure behavior and the strength of a cut and cover tunnel[C]//Journal of JSCE A1,2013,69(4):509-516(in Japanese))
[17]杜修力,许紫刚,许成顺,等.浅埋地下结构地震反应分析的惯性力-位移法[J].岩土工程学报,2018,40(4):583-591(Du Xiuli,Xu Zigang,Xu Chengshun,et al.Inertia force-displacement method for seismic analysis of shallow buried underground structure[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2018,40(4):583-591(in Chinese))
[18]杜修力,李洋,许成顺,等.1995年日本阪神地震大开地铁车站震害原因及机理分析研究进展[J].岩土工程学报,2018,40(2):223-236(Du Xiuli,Li Yang,Xu Chengshun,et al.Review on damage causes and disaster mechanism of Dakai subway station in the 1995Osaka-Kobe earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2018,40(2):223-236(in Chinese))
[19]陈云敏,韩超,凌道盛,等.ZJU400离心机研制及其振动台性能评价[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(12):1887-1894(Chen Yunmin,Han Chao,Ling Daosheng,et al.Development of geotechnical centrifuge ZJU400 and performance assessment of its shaking table system[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(12):1887-1894(in Chinese))
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