电阻负载单相全波整流电路无功分量的一种图解方法
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摘要
目前的功率理论难以适应用途广泛的相控整流电路。现通过分析交流电能传输过程,指出交流纯电阻负载也伴随着瞬时无功能量流。先由Poynting方程导入电磁能量传输概况、用Lissajous图形量化瞬时有功和瞬时无功能量流,再基于纯阻负载单相全波相控整流电路的网侧电压波形和电流波形,绘出立体图及其投影分图来解析瞬时有功功率和无功能量流。提出以三角形面积来计算无功能量流的新方法,可为相控整流电路的无功辨识和无功补偿提供参考。
The current power theory is not suitable for the widely applied phase-controlled rectifier circuit. The process of AC energy transmission was analyzed, and it is shown that the AC pure resistance load is also accompanied with instantaneous reactive energy flow. Firstly, the overview of electromagnetic energy transmission was introduced by the Poynting equation, and instantaneous active and reactive energy flow were quantified by Lissajous graphs. Then the stereogram and its two-dimension projections, used to solve the instantaneous active power and the reactive energy flow, were plotted based on the network side voltage and current waveform of the single phase full wave phased-controlled rectifier circuit with pure resistance load. A new method of solving the reactive energy flow was proposed, in which the reactive energy flow was calculated by triangle area. The new method proposed can provide some references for the reactive power identification and compensation of phase controlled rectifier circuit.
The current power theory is not suitable for the widely applied phase-controlled rectifier circuit. The process of AC energy transmission was analyzed, and it is shown that the AC pure resistance load is also accompanied with instantaneous reactive energy flow. Firstly, the overview of electromagnetic energy transmission was introduced by the Poynting equation, and instantaneous active and reactive energy flow were quantified by Lissajous graphs. Then the stereogram and its two-dimension projections, used to solve the instantaneous active power and the reactive energy flow, were plotted based on the network side voltage and current waveform of the single phase full wave phased-controlled rectifier circuit with pure resistance load. A new method of solving the reactive energy flow was proposed, in which the reactive energy flow was calculated by triangle area. The new method proposed can provide some references for the reactive power identification and compensation of phase controlled rectifier circuit.
引文
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[19]伍家驹,继海燕,杉本英彦.三维状态变量可视化及其在逆变器设计中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(24):13-19.Wu Jiaju,Ji Haiyan,Hidehiko S.Visualization techniques of 3-D state variables and its application in inverter design[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(24):13-19(in Chinese).
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[2]宗升,何湘宁,吴建德,等.基于电力电子变换的电能路由器研究现状与发展[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(18):4559-4670.Zong Sheng,He Xiangning,Wu Jiande,et al.Overview of power electronics based electrical energy router[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(18):4559-4670(in Chinese).
[3]唐杰,罗安,范瑞祥,等.无功补偿和混合滤波综合补偿系统及其应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(1):88-92.Tang Jie,Luo An,Fan Ruixiang,et al.Combined compensation system with reactive power compensation and hybrid active power filter and its engineering application[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(1):88-92(in Chinese).
[4]地球環境問題に対応する最新のパワー半導体スイッチング回路技術調査専門委員会.地球環境問題に対応する最新のパワースイッチング回路技術[R].日本電気学会,2011:2-18.Investigating R&D Committee on The Latest Power Semiconductor Switching Circuit Technology Corresponding to Global Environmental Issues.The Latest Power Semiconductor Switching Circuit Technology Corresponding to Global Environmental Issues[R].The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan,2011:2-18(in Japanese).
[5]IEEE.IEEE Std 1459-2010 IEEE standard definitions for the measurement of electric power quantities under sinusoidal,nonsinusoidal,balanced,or unbalanced conditions[S].USA:IEEE,2010:1-40.
[6]Hong Tianqi,de León F.Lissajous curve methods for the identification of nonlinear circuits:calculation of a physical consistent reactive power[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I:Regular Papers,2015,62(12):2874-2885.
[7]de León F,Qaseer L,Cohen J.AC power theory from Poynting theorem:identification of the power components of magnetic saturating and hysteretic circuits[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery.2012,27(3):1548-1556.
[8]Castro-Nunez M,Catro-Puche R.The IEEE standard1459,the CPC power theory,geometric algebra in circuits with nonsinusoidal sources and linear loads[J].IEEETransactions on Circuits and Systems I:Regular Papers,2012,59(12):2980-2990.
[9]赤木泰文,難波江章,藤田光悦,等.瞬時無効電力の一般化理論とその応用[J].電気学会論文誌B,1983,103(7):483-490.Hirofumi A,et al.Generalized theory of the instantaneous reactive power and its application[J].IEEJ Transaction B,1983,103(7):483-490(in Japanese).
[10]Czarnecki L S.What is wrong with the Budeanu concept of reactive and distortion power and why it should be abandoned[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,1987,IM-36(3):834-837.
[11]肖湘宁,罗超,陶顺.电气系统功率理论的发展与面临的挑战[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(9):1-10.Xiao Xiangning,Luo Chao,Tao Shun.Development and challenges of power theory in electrical power system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(9):1-10(in Chinese).
[12]刘昌盛,冉为,杨帆.基于坡印亭矢量的电缆无功功率计算及电缆沟环境对其影响规律的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(5):1281-1288.Liu Changsheng,Ran Wei,Yang Fan.Reactive power calculation of power cable based on Poynting vector and influence caused by cable duct environment[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(5):1281-1288(in Chinese).
[13]杨帆,冉为,刘兴华,等.基于坡印亭矢量的特高压覆冰导线无功功率损耗计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(8):2087-2096.Yang Fan,Ran Wei,Liu Xinghua,et al.Reactive power calculation of iced UHV transmission line based on Poynting vector[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(8):2087-2096(in Chinese).
[14]闫华光,杨林,宗建华.无功及视在功率物理意义的剖析[J].电力自动化设备,2003,23(11):17-18,22.Yan Huaguang,Yang Lin,Zong Jianhua.Analysis of physical meaning of reactive power and apparent power[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2003,23(11):17-18,22(in Chinese).
[15]陈允平,彭辉,樊友平.基于任意周期电压电流的无功功率定义及其数学模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(4):105-112.Chen Yunpin,Peng Hui,Fan Youping.The definition theory and mathematical model of reactive power for arbitrarily periodical voltage and current waveform[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(4):105-112(in Chinese).
[16]赤木泰文.瞬時無効電力理論の18年-誕生,応用,そして発展-[J].パワーエレクトロニクス論文誌,2000,26(1):2-11.Hirofumi A.Eighteen years since the establishment of the instantaneous reactive-power theory-emergence,applications and developments-[J].J-STAGE,2000,26(1):2-11(in Japanese).
[17]王兆安,刘进军,王跃,等.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿[M].3版.北京:机械工业出版社,2016.Wang Zhaoan,Liu Jinjun,Wang Yue,et al.Harmonic suppression and reactive power compensation[M].3rd ed.Beijing:China Machine Press,2016(in Chinese).
[18]伍家驹,冯上贤,徐杰,等.电阻负载单相半波整流电路无功功率的图解分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(S):224-234.Wu Jiaju,Feng Shangxian,Xu Jie,et al.Graphic analysis of reactive power for the a half-wave rectifier with resistive load[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(S):224-234(in Chinese).
[19]伍家驹,继海燕,杉本英彦.三维状态变量可视化及其在逆变器设计中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(24):13-19.Wu Jiaju,Ji Haiyan,Hidehiko S.Visualization techniques of 3-D state variables and its application in inverter design[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(24):13-19(in Chinese).
[20]伍家驹,刘斌.逆变器理论及其优化设计的可视化算法[M].2版.北京,科学出版社,2017.Wu Jiaju,Liu Bin.Inverter theory and its visualization algorithm of optimal design[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Science Press,2017(in Chinese).
[21]黄俊.半导体变流技术[M].2版.北京:机械工业出版社,1986.Huang Jun.Semiconductor converter technology[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Machine Press,1986(in Chinese).
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