线性调频航管雷达风电场杂波背景下目标检测
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摘要
传统动目标检测(Moving Target Detector, MTD)技术无法抑制具有频谱展宽特性的风电场杂波,可能导致目标检测概率下降和虚警率上升等问题。针对此问题,提出了一种线性调频航管雷达风电场杂波背景下的目标检测方法。该方法先进行风电场杂波抑制,再对杂波抑制后的数据基于MTD进行飞机目标检测。文中给出的风电场杂波抑制方法中,首先将传统谱中心补偿的风电场杂波抑制方法应用到线性调频体制雷达,针对此时存在的旁瓣抑制后的主瓣展宽问题,利用雷达参数信息优化恒虚警率(Constant False-Alarm Rate, CFAR)检测方法,再根据目标与杂波相对位置不同采用不同的方法抑制杂波。对于目标与杂波扩展主瓣在不同距离单元时,基于谱中心补偿及基于雷达参数的CFAR检测方法来检测并抑制风电场杂波;对于目标与杂波扩展主瓣在相同距离单元的情况,基于匹配追踪(Matching Pursuit,MP)算法抑制风电场杂波。仿真数据与实测数据实验结果表明该方法在保证有效检测目标的前提下能降低风电场杂波引起的虚警率。
The traditional Moving Target Detector(MTD) technology cannot suppress the clutter of wind farms with spectral broadening characteristics, which may cause the decrease of target detection probability and increase of false alarm rate. A target detection method against wind turbine clutter for linear-frequency modulation(LFM) Primary Surveillance Radar is proposed. The wind turbine clutter suppression is carried out before the traditional MTD target detection. In this paper, the traditional spectrum center compensation is applied to suppress clutter in the LFM radar system. As far as the problem of main lobe broadening, the parameters such as radar bandwidth and sampling rate are firstly used to optimize Constant False-Alarm Rate(CFAR) Detection. Different clutter suppression methods are then used according to the distance between target and clutter. For the case that target and the extended main lobe of clutter are in different range cells, the wind farm clutter suppressed based on the spectrum center compensation. Otherwise, matching Pursuit(MP) algorithm is used to mitigate wind turbine clutter. The performance of this algorithm was quantitatively analyzed. The experimental results show that the proposed method can reduce the false alarm rate caused by clutter on the premise of the effective target detection.
The traditional Moving Target Detector(MTD) technology cannot suppress the clutter of wind farms with spectral broadening characteristics, which may cause the decrease of target detection probability and increase of false alarm rate. A target detection method against wind turbine clutter for linear-frequency modulation(LFM) Primary Surveillance Radar is proposed. The wind turbine clutter suppression is carried out before the traditional MTD target detection. In this paper, the traditional spectrum center compensation is applied to suppress clutter in the LFM radar system. As far as the problem of main lobe broadening, the parameters such as radar bandwidth and sampling rate are firstly used to optimize Constant False-Alarm Rate(CFAR) Detection. Different clutter suppression methods are then used according to the distance between target and clutter. For the case that target and the extended main lobe of clutter are in different range cells, the wind farm clutter suppressed based on the spectrum center compensation. Otherwise, matching Pursuit(MP) algorithm is used to mitigate wind turbine clutter. The performance of this algorithm was quantitatively analyzed. The experimental results show that the proposed method can reduce the false alarm rate caused by clutter on the premise of the effective target detection.
引文
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[9] 何炜琨, 郭双双, 王晓亮, 等. 扫描工作模式的航管监视雷达风电场回波信号的微多普勒特征分析[J]. 信号处理, 2015, 31(10): 1240-1246. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-0530.2015.10.004.He Weikun, Guo Shuangshuang, Wang Xiaoliang, et al. Micro-Doppler Features Analysis of Wind Farm Echoes for Air Traffic Control Radar in Scanning Mode[J]. Journal of Signal Processing, 2015, 31(10): 1240-1246. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-0530.2015.10.004.(in Chinese)
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[13] 葛凤翔, 孟华东, 彭应宁, 等. 杂波谱中心和谱宽估计方法[J]. 清华大学学报: 自然科学版, 2002, 42(7): 941-944. doi: 10.3321/j.issn: 1000-0054.2002.07.023Ge Fengxiang, Meng Huadong, Peng Yingning, et al. Clutter central frequency and bandwidth estimation methods[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science & Technology), 2002, 42(7): 941-944. doi: 10.3321/j.issn: 1000-0054.2002.07.023.(in Chinese)
[14] 李丽, 王晓玲, 桂杰, 等. 恒虚警技术处理方法综述[J]. 激光杂志, 2018, 39(1): 8-13. doi: 10.14016/j.cnki.jgzz.2018.01.008Li Li, Wang Xiaoling, Gui Jie, et al. Processing method of constant false alarm rate technology[J]. Laser Journal, 2018, 39(1): 8-13. doi: 10.14016/j.cnki.jgzz.2018.01.008.(in Chinese)
[15] Mallat S G, Zhang Zhifeng. Matching pursuits with time-frequency dictionaries[J]. IEEE Trans on Signal Processing, 1993, 41(12): 3397-3415. doi: 10.1109/78.258082.
[2] 何炜琨, 吴仁彪, 王晓亮, 等. 风电场对雷达设备的影响评估与干扰抑制技术研究现状与展望[J].电子与信息学报, 2017, 39(7): 1748-1758. doi: 10.11999/JEIT161004.He Weikun, Wu Renbiao, Wang Xiaoliang, et al. The Review and Prospect on the Influence Evaluation and Interference Suppression of Wind Farms on the Radar Equipment[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2017, 39(7): 1748-1758. doi: 10.11999/JEIT161004.(in Chinese)
[3] Lute C, Wieserman W. ASR-11 radar performance assessment over a wind turbine farm[C]//Radar Conference, Kansas, 2011: 226-230.
[4] Pinto J, Matthews J C G, Sarno C. Radar signature reduction of wind turbines through the application of stealth technology[C]//In Proceedings of the 3rd European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, Berlin, Germany, 2009: 3886-3890.
[5] Naqvi A, Ling H. Signal filtering technique to remove Doppler clutter caused by wind turbines[J]. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 2012, 54(6): 1455-1460. doi: 10.1002/mop.26819.
[6] Karabayir O, Unal M, Coskun A F, et al. CLEAN based wind turbine clutter mitigation approach for Pulse-Doppler radars[C]//IEEE Radar Conference, Arlington, VA: IEEE, 2015: 1541-1544.
[7] Krich S I, Montanari M, Amendolare V, et al. Wind Turbine Interference Mitigation Using a Waveform Diversity Radar[J]. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace & Electronic Systems, 2017, PP(99): 1-1. doi: 10.1109/TAES.2017.2665143.
[8] 唐波, 刘任, 张建功, 等. 基于动态RCS的风电机叶片多普勒特性[J]. 高电压技术, 2017, 43(10): 3435-3442. doi: 10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20170925035.Tang Bo, Liu Ren, Zhang Jiangong, et al. Doppler Characteristics of Wind Turbine Blade Based on Dynamic RCS[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2017, 43(10): 3435-3442. doi: 10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20170925035.(in Chinese)
[9] 何炜琨, 郭双双, 王晓亮, 等. 扫描工作模式的航管监视雷达风电场回波信号的微多普勒特征分析[J]. 信号处理, 2015, 31(10): 1240-1246. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-0530.2015.10.004.He Weikun, Guo Shuangshuang, Wang Xiaoliang, et al. Micro-Doppler Features Analysis of Wind Farm Echoes for Air Traffic Control Radar in Scanning Mode[J]. Journal of Signal Processing, 2015, 31(10): 1240-1246. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-0530.2015.10.004.(in Chinese)
[10] 吴仁彪, 毛建, 王晓亮, 等. 航管一次雷达抗风电场干扰目标检测方法[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2013, 35(3): 754-758. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1146.2012.00923.Wu Renbiao, Mao Jian, Wang Xiaoliang, et al. Target Detection of Primary Surveillance Radar in Wind Farm Clutter[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2013, 35(3): 754-758. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1146.2012.00923.(in Chinese)
[11] 中航雷达与电子设备研究院.雷达系统[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2005.The Institute of Radar Avionics of AVIC. Radar System[M]. Beijing: National Defence Industry Press, 2005.(in Chinese)
[12] Gallardo-Hernando B, Munoz-Ferreras J M, Perez-Martinez F, et al. Wind turbine clutter observations and theoretical validation for meteorological radar applications[J]. IET Radar, Sonar and Navigation, 2011, 5(2): 111-117. doi: 10.1049/iet-rsn.2009.0296
[13] 葛凤翔, 孟华东, 彭应宁, 等. 杂波谱中心和谱宽估计方法[J]. 清华大学学报: 自然科学版, 2002, 42(7): 941-944. doi: 10.3321/j.issn: 1000-0054.2002.07.023Ge Fengxiang, Meng Huadong, Peng Yingning, et al. Clutter central frequency and bandwidth estimation methods[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science & Technology), 2002, 42(7): 941-944. doi: 10.3321/j.issn: 1000-0054.2002.07.023.(in Chinese)
[14] 李丽, 王晓玲, 桂杰, 等. 恒虚警技术处理方法综述[J]. 激光杂志, 2018, 39(1): 8-13. doi: 10.14016/j.cnki.jgzz.2018.01.008Li Li, Wang Xiaoling, Gui Jie, et al. Processing method of constant false alarm rate technology[J]. Laser Journal, 2018, 39(1): 8-13. doi: 10.14016/j.cnki.jgzz.2018.01.008.(in Chinese)
[15] Mallat S G, Zhang Zhifeng. Matching pursuits with time-frequency dictionaries[J]. IEEE Trans on Signal Processing, 1993, 41(12): 3397-3415. doi: 10.1109/78.258082.
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