基质冲击对ANAMMOX颗粒释放AHLs及颗粒特性的影响
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摘要
从群体感应角度考察基质冲击对ANAMMOX颗粒特性的影响,以期为提高ANAMMOX颗粒抗基质冲击能力提供理论指导与借鉴.结果表明,24h 1500mg/L总氮冲击刺激颗粒AHLs释放量由4.3大幅增加至10.0,同时颗粒结合性胞外聚合物(B-EPS)过量释放(增加了107.3mg/g VSS),导致颗粒沉降性能下降(密度和沉速分别降低了53%和33%).但基质浓度恢复至稳定期水平后,AHLs释放量逐渐恢复至稳定期水平,同时B-EPS产量和颗粒性状也逐渐恢复至稳定期水平,推测基质冲击导致AHLs释放量的变化进而引起B-EPS产量的变化.批次试验结果进一步证实了基质浓度显著影响AHLs释放量,B-EPS产量与AHLs释放量密切相关.总氮浓度为1000mg/L时,AHLs释放量高达11.7,导致B-EPS中的松散结合性EPS(LB-EPS)相比总氮浓度为200mg/L时增加了69mg/g VSS,颗粒沉降性能下降.然而紧密结合性EPS(TB-EPS)含量不受基质浓度影响,认为LB-EPS是决定颗粒沉降能力的关键因素.低浓度抑制剂可有效抑制高基质浓度引起的AHLs过量释放,使LB-EPS产量降低36%,颗粒沉降性能和活性得以提高.
Effects of substrate shock on the characteristics of ANAMMOX granules were investigated from the perspective of quorum sensing with the final purpose of providing theoretical guidance and reference for improving the stability and settleability of ANAMMOX granules under substrate shock. The results showed that due to 24h 1500mg/L total nitrogen(TN) shock, the amount of AHLs released by ANAMMOX granules increased significantly from 4.3 to 10.0. At the same time, excessive release of bound extracellular polymeric substances(B-EPS)(increased by 107.3mg/g VSS) was observed, which led to the poor settling performance of granules(density and settling velocity reduced by 53% and 33%, respectively). However, after the TN concentration returned to the level in the stable period, the release amount of AHLs, B-EPS content and granules properties could also return gradually to the level in the stable period. It was inferred that substrate shock resulted in the change of release amount of AHLs, which caused the change of B-EPS production. The results of the batch test also confirmed that the substrate concentration affected the release of AHLs, significantly. Moreover, B-EPS production was closely related to the release amount of AHLs. When the TN concentration was 1000mg/L, the release amount of AHLs was up to 11.7, leading to excessive accumulation of loosely-bound EPS(LB-EPS)(increased by 69mg/g VSS) and poor settleability of granules comparing with 200mg/L TN concentration. In contrast, the tightly-bound EPS(TB-EPS) content was not affected by substrate concentration. Thus, the LB-EPS was considered the key factor for the deterioration of granule settleability. Low concentration inhibitor can effectively inhibit the excessive release of AHLs caused by high substrate concentration, resulting in 36% reduction in LB-EPS content and improvement of the settleability and activity of granules.
Effects of substrate shock on the characteristics of ANAMMOX granules were investigated from the perspective of quorum sensing with the final purpose of providing theoretical guidance and reference for improving the stability and settleability of ANAMMOX granules under substrate shock. The results showed that due to 24h 1500mg/L total nitrogen(TN) shock, the amount of AHLs released by ANAMMOX granules increased significantly from 4.3 to 10.0. At the same time, excessive release of bound extracellular polymeric substances(B-EPS)(increased by 107.3mg/g VSS) was observed, which led to the poor settling performance of granules(density and settling velocity reduced by 53% and 33%, respectively). However, after the TN concentration returned to the level in the stable period, the release amount of AHLs, B-EPS content and granules properties could also return gradually to the level in the stable period. It was inferred that substrate shock resulted in the change of release amount of AHLs, which caused the change of B-EPS production. The results of the batch test also confirmed that the substrate concentration affected the release of AHLs, significantly. Moreover, B-EPS production was closely related to the release amount of AHLs. When the TN concentration was 1000mg/L, the release amount of AHLs was up to 11.7, leading to excessive accumulation of loosely-bound EPS(LB-EPS)(increased by 69mg/g VSS) and poor settleability of granules comparing with 200mg/L TN concentration. In contrast, the tightly-bound EPS(TB-EPS) content was not affected by substrate concentration. Thus, the LB-EPS was considered the key factor for the deterioration of granule settleability. Low concentration inhibitor can effectively inhibit the excessive release of AHLs caused by high substrate concentration, resulting in 36% reduction in LB-EPS content and improvement of the settleability and activity of granules.
引文
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[2]Zhang Y L,Ma H Y,Niu Q G,et al.Effects of substrate shock on extracellular polymeric substunce(EPS)excretion and characteristics of attached biofilm anammox granules[J].RSC Advances.2016,6:113289-113297.
[3]Hou X L,Liu S T,Zhang Z T.Role of extracellular polymeric substance in determining the high aggregation ability of anammox sludge[J].Water Research,2015,75:51-62.
[4]Chen J W,Ji Q X,Zheng P,et al.Floatation and control of granular sludge in a high-rate anammox reactor[J].Water Research,2010,44(11):3321-3328.
[5]Ding Y C,Feng H J,Huang W K,et al.A sustainable method for effective regulation of anaerobic granular sludge:Artificially increasing the concentration of signal molecules by cultivating a secreting strain[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,196:273-278.
[6]Hu H Z,He J G,Liu J,et al.Biofilm activity and sludge characteristics affected by exogenous N-acyl homoserine lactones in biofilm reactors[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,211:339-347.
[7]Ding Y C,Feng H J,Huang W K,et al.The effect of quorum sensing on anaerobic granular sludge in different pH conditions[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2015,103:270-276.
[8]Li Y C,Lv J P,Zhong C,et al.Performance and role of N-acylhomoserine lactone(AHL)-based quorum sensing(QS)in aerobic granules[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2014,26(8):1615-1621.
[9]Ding Y C,Feng H J,Zhao Z Q,et al.The effect of quorum sensing on mature anaerobic granular sludge in unbalanced nitrogen supply[J].Water Air Soil Pollut,2016,227(9):334-344.
[10]张晶,张林华,姜冬冬,等.信号分子对高负荷UASB中ANAMMOX颗粒特性的影响[J].中国环境科学,2018,35(2):532-541.Zhang J,Zhang L H,Jiang D D,et al.The effects of signal molecules on the characteristics of ANAMMOX granules in high-loaded UASBreactors[J].China Environmental Science,2018,38(2):532-541.
[11]Scaglione D,Ruscalleda M,Ficara E,et al.Response to high nitrite concentrations of anammox biomass from two SBR fed on synthetic wastewater and landfill leachate[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2012,209:62-68.
[12]Tan C H,Koh K S,Xie C,et al.The role of quorum sensing signaling in EPS production and the assembly of a sludge community into aerobic granules[J].The ISME Journal,2014,8(6):1186-1197.
[13]Zhao R,Zhang H M,Zou X,et al.Effects of inhibiting acylated homoserine lactones(AHLs)on anammox activity and stability of Granules[J].Current Microbiology,2016,73(1):108-114.
[14]Jiang B,Liu Y.Roles of ATP-dependent N-acyl homoserine lactones(AHLs)and extracellular polymeric substances(EPSs)in aerobic granulation[J].Chemosphere,2012,88(9):1058-1064.
[15]Zhang S H,Yu X,Guo F,et al.Effect of interspecies quorum sensing on the formation of aerobic granular sludge[J].Water Science&Technology,2011,64(6):1284-1290.
[16]Tang X,Liu S T,Zhang Z T,et al.Identification of the release and effects of AHLs in anammox culture for bacteria communication[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2015,273:184-191.
[17]赵然.Anammox细菌铁还原代谢及群体感应现象的研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2016.Zhao R.Researches of anammox iron reduction and quorum sensing phenomena[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2016.
[18]Lu H F,Ji Q X,Ding S,et al.The morphological and settling properties of ANAMMOX granular sludge in high-rate reactors[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,143:592-597.
[19]郑照明,刘常敬,郑林雪,等.不同粒径的厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥脱氮性能研究[J].中国环境科学,2014,34:3078-3085.Zheng Z M,Liu C J,Zheng L X,et al.The nitrogen removal performance of anammox granules of different sizes[J].China Environmental Science,2014,34(12):30178-3085.
[20]Chang I S,Lee C H.Membrane filtration characteristics in membranecoupled activated sludge system-the effect of physiological states of activated sludge on membrane fouling[J].Desalination,1998,(3),120:221-233.
[21]Federation W E,Association A P H.Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater.American Public Health Association(APHA),Washington,DC,USA,1998.
[22]Chen H,Ma C,Yang G F,et al.Floatation of flocculent and granular sludge in a high-loaded anammox reactor[J].Bioresource Technology,2014,169:409-415.
[23]Wu J,Zhou H M,Li H Z,et al.Impacts of hydrodynamic shear force on nucleation of flocculent sludge in anaerobic reactor[J].Water Research,2009,43(12):3029-3036.
[24]Tang C J,Zheng P,Mahmood Q,et al.Start-up and inhibition analysis of the Anammox process seeded with anaerobic granular sludge[J].Journal of Industrial icrobiology and Biotechnology,2009,36(8):1093-1100.
[25]Clippeleir H D,Defoirdt T,Vanhaecke L,et al.Long-chain acyl homoserine lactones increase the anoxic ammonium oxidation rate in an OLAND biofilm[J].Applied and Microbiology Biotechnology,2011,90:1511-1519.
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