聚驱后油层提高采收率驱油方法
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摘要
大庆油田已开展了聚驱后高浓度聚驱和三元复合驱现场试验,这2种驱油方法虽可取得一定的技术效果,但聚合物用量大、经济效益低。为实现低成本高效开采,在深刻认识聚驱后油层特点的基础上,依据堵调驱相结合的技术路线,应用物理模拟实验和配方优化技术,进一步研究了3种新型驱油方法:①"调堵剂+驱油体系"组合注入驱油方法,该方法通过低初黏凝胶调剖后再注入三元体系,特点是可大幅降低聚合物用量,较单纯三元复合驱可提高采收率2.1%,节省聚合物用量25%;②研发了非均相复合驱油体系,该体系由连续相三元溶液和非连续相PPG颗粒组成,可实现动态调整、动态驱替,聚驱后非均相复合驱可提高采收率13.6%,较三元复合驱可提高采收率3.4%;③研发了聚驱后插层聚合物复合驱驱油方法,插层聚合物具有残余阻力系数大于阻力系数的特点,调堵能力强于普通聚合物,聚驱后可提高采收率15.9%。鉴于上述3种新型驱油方法室内实验取得的较好效果,且较普通三元复合驱大幅降低化学剂用量,拟开展现场试验以提高油田采收率。
Field tests of high concentration polymer flooding and ASP flooding after polymer flooding have been carried out in Daqing Oilfield. Although the above two methods can achieve technical effects,the amount of polymer used is large and the economic benefit is low. In order to realize low-cost and high-efficiency production,on the basis of deep understanding of reservoir characteristics after polymer flooding,according to the combination of plugging,profile control and flooding technology,three new oil displacement methods were further studied by physical simulation experiment and formula optimization technology.(1)The combined injection and oil displacement method of"plugging agent+oil displacement system",which was injected into ASP system through low initial gel particles and then injected into the system of ASP. The polymer can be greatly reduced,and the recovery factor is increased by 2.1% and the polymer consumption is 25% compared with the ASP flooding.(2)Heterogeneous composite flooding system composed by continuous phase ternary solution and discontinuous phase PPG,which can realize dynamic adjustment and displacement. After polymer flooding,heterogeneous composite flooding can improve oil recovery by 13.6%,which is 3.4% more than that of ASP flooding.(3)Composite flooding with intercalated polymer flooding after polymer flooding was developed. The residual resistance coefficient of intercalated polymer is greater than resistance coefficient,and the plugging control ability is stronger than that of common polymer. After polymer flooding,the oil recovery can be increased by 15.9%. In view of the good results obtained in laboratory experiments of the three new oil displacement methods mentioned above and the significant reduction of chemical agent dosage compared with conventional ASP flooding,it is proposed to carry out field tests to verify the technical and economic results.
Field tests of high concentration polymer flooding and ASP flooding after polymer flooding have been carried out in Daqing Oilfield. Although the above two methods can achieve technical effects,the amount of polymer used is large and the economic benefit is low. In order to realize low-cost and high-efficiency production,on the basis of deep understanding of reservoir characteristics after polymer flooding,according to the combination of plugging,profile control and flooding technology,three new oil displacement methods were further studied by physical simulation experiment and formula optimization technology.(1)The combined injection and oil displacement method of"plugging agent+oil displacement system",which was injected into ASP system through low initial gel particles and then injected into the system of ASP. The polymer can be greatly reduced,and the recovery factor is increased by 2.1% and the polymer consumption is 25% compared with the ASP flooding.(2)Heterogeneous composite flooding system composed by continuous phase ternary solution and discontinuous phase PPG,which can realize dynamic adjustment and displacement. After polymer flooding,heterogeneous composite flooding can improve oil recovery by 13.6%,which is 3.4% more than that of ASP flooding.(3)Composite flooding with intercalated polymer flooding after polymer flooding was developed. The residual resistance coefficient of intercalated polymer is greater than resistance coefficient,and the plugging control ability is stronger than that of common polymer. After polymer flooding,the oil recovery can be increased by 15.9%. In view of the good results obtained in laboratory experiments of the three new oil displacement methods mentioned above and the significant reduction of chemical agent dosage compared with conventional ASP flooding,it is proposed to carry out field tests to verify the technical and economic results.
引文
[1]白振强,吴胜和,付志国.大庆油田聚合物驱后微观剩余油分布规律.石油学报,2013,34(5):924-931.BAI Z Q,WU S H,FU Z G. Distribution of microscopic remaining oils after polymer flooding in Daqing Oilfield. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(5):924-931.
[2]侯健,杜庆军,束青林,等.聚合物驱宏观剩余油受效机制及分布规律.石油学报,2010,31(1):96-99.HOU J,DU Q J,SU Q L,et al. Macroscopic response mechanism and distribution rules of remaining oil in polymer flooding. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(1):96-99.
[3]汪萍,常毓文,唐玮,等.聚合物驱油后提高采收率优化研究.特种油气藏,2011,18(4):73-74.WANG P,CHANG Y W,TANG W,et al. EOR optimization after polymer flooding. Special Oil and Gas Reservoir,2011,18(4):73-74.
[4]李鹏华,李兆敏,赵金省,等.多段塞平行聚能提高聚合物驱后采收率实验研究.石油学报,2010,31(1):110-113.LI P H,LI Z M,ZHAO J X,et al. Experimental study on multislugs parallel gathering energy for enhancing oil recovery after polymer flooding. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(1):110-113.
[5]张继红,郭鑫.聚合物与葡北油田储层孔隙结构适应性研究.岩性油气藏,2016,28(4):101-105.ZHANG J H,GUO X. Adaptability of polymer to reservoir pore structure in Pubei Oilfield. Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(4):101-105.
[6]刘晨,王凯,王业飞,等.针对A油田的抗温、抗盐聚合物/表面活性剂二元复合驱油体系研究.岩性油气藏,2017,29(3):152-158.LIU C,WANG K,WANG Y F,et al. Polymer/surfactant binary flooding in A oilfield with high temperature and high salinity.Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(3):152-158.
[7] WANG W,WANG R J,LIU Y G,et al. The performance characteristics of Cr3+polymer gel and its application analyses in Bohai Oilfield. International Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition in China,2010.
[8]沈德煌,马德胜,聂凌云,等.聚合物驱后油藏蒸汽驱技术可行性研究.特种油气藏,2011,18(4):108-109.SHEN D H,MA D S,NIE L Y,et al. Technical feasibility of steam flooding after polymer flooding. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2011,18(4):108-109.
[9]赵金省.聚驱后等流度泡沫驱油提高采收率技术研究.东营:中国石油大学,2008.ZHAO J X. Study on nitrogen foam flooding in uniform mobility for EOR after polymer flooding. Dongying:China University of Petroleum,2008.
[10]孙灵辉,刘卫东,赵海宁,等.聚驱后高弹性聚合物驱油方法探索.西南石油大学学报,2007,29(6):103-105.SUN L H,LIU W D,ZHAO H N,et al. A probe into high elasticity HPAM flooding in post-polymer flooding. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University,2007,29(6):103-105.
[11]孟令伟,康万利,王志伟,等.聚驱后等流度提高采收率室内驱油实验研究.中国科技论文在线,2009,4(6):436-440.MENG L W,KANG W L,WANG Z W,et al. Experimental research in laboratory on equi-mobility improving oil recovery after polymer flooding. China Science and Technology Paper Online,2009,4(6):436-440.
[12]张保康,徐国瑞,铁磊磊,等.“堵水+调剖”工艺参数优化和油藏适应性评价:以渤海SZ36-1油田为例.岩性油气藏,2017,29(5):155-161.ZHANG B K,XU G R,TIE L L,et al. Optimization of technological parameters and evaluation of reservoir adaptation by water plugging and profile control:a case from Bohai SZ36-1 oilfield. Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(5):155-161.
[13]孙建英,方艳君.聚驱后剩余油分布及挖潜技术研究.大庆石油地质与开发,2005,24(4):37-39.SUN J Y,FANG Y J. Remaining oil distribution and techniques for further development after polymer flooding. Petroleum Geology and Development in Daqing,2005,24(4):37-39.
[14]卢祥国,高振环,赵小京,等.聚合物驱油之后剩余油分布规律研究.石油学报,1993,17(4):55-61.LU X G,GAO Z H,ZHAO X J,et al. Distribution regularities of remaining oil in heterogeneous reservoirs after polymer flooding. Acta Petrolei Sinica,1993,17(4):55-61.
[15]禹影.聚合物驱后油层优势渗流通道识别与治理.大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(4):101-105.YU Y. Identification and control of the preferential seepage channels for the oil reservoirs after the polymer flooding. Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(4):101-105.
[16]曹瑞波.聚驱后“正电胶调剖+三元复合驱”提高采收率技术.西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2016,31(1):58-61.CAO R B. Combined EOR method of positively-charged-gel profile control with ASP flooding after polymer flooding. Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2016,31(1):58-61.
[17]刘海波.大庆油区长垣油田聚合物驱后优势渗流通道分布及渗流特征.油气地质与采收率,2014,21(5):69-72.LIU H B. Dominant flowing channels distribution and seepage characteristics after polymer flooding in Daqing oilfield. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2014,21(5):69-72.
[18]卢祥国,张云宝.聚合物驱后进一步提高采收率方法及其作用机理研究.大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(6):113-118.LU X G,ZHANG Y B. EOR methods after polymer flooding and their action mechanisms. Petroleum Geology and Development in Daqing,2007,26(6):113-118.
[19]韩培慧,苏伟明,林海川,等.聚驱后不同化学驱提高采收率对比评价.西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,26(5):43-48.HAN P H,SU W M,LIN H C,et al. Evaluation and comparison of different EOR techniques after polymer flooding. Journal of Xi'an Petroleum University(Natural Science Edition),2011,26(5):43-48.
[20]李海涛,李颖,李亚辉,等.低盐度注水提高碳酸盐岩油藏采收率.岩性油气藏,2016,28(2):119-126.LI H T,LI Y,LI Y H,et al. Low salinity waterflooding to enhance oil recovery of carbonate reservoirs. Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(2):119-126.
[21]杨菲,郭拥军,张新民,等.聚驱后缔合聚合物三元复合驱提高采收率技术.石油学报,2014,35(5):908-913.YANG F,GUO Y J,ZHANG X M,et al. Enhanced oil recovery technology of alkaline/hydrophobically associating polyacrylamide flooding after polymer flooding. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(5):908-913.
[22]程杰成,吴军政,胡俊卿.三元复合驱提高原油采收率关键理论与技术.石油学报,2014,35(2):310-318.CHENG J C,WU J Z,HU J Q. Key theory and technology for enhanced oil recovery of alkaline/surfactant/polymer flooding.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(2):310-318.
[23]周亚洲,殷代印,张承丽.大庆油区三元复合驱耐碱性调剖剂的研制与段塞组合优化.油气地质与采收率,2014,21(5):73-76.ZHOU Y Z,YIN D Y,ZHANG C L. Preparation and plug optimization of profile control agent in ASP flooding. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2014,21(5):73-76.
[24]王洪关,何顺利,冯爱丽,等.插层聚合物凝胶深部液流转向剂的研制与性能评价.石油学报,2014,35(1):107-113.WANG H G,HE S L,FENG A L,et al. A intercalated polymer gel for deep fluid diversion agent and performance evaluation.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(1):107-113.
[25]王闯,卢祥国,刘峰,等.驱油用“插层”聚合物表征及其溶液性能.大庆石油学院学报,2012,36(1):53-58.WANG C,LU X G,LIU F,et al. Characterization and solution evaluation of“intercalating”polymer for oil-displacement. Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2012,36(1):53-58.
[26]周丛丛.聚合物驱相对渗透率计算的微观模拟研究.岩性油气藏,2011,23(3):119-123.ZHOU C C. Microscopic simulation of relative permeability curves in polymer flooding. Lithologic Reservoirs,2011,23(3):119-123.
[2]侯健,杜庆军,束青林,等.聚合物驱宏观剩余油受效机制及分布规律.石油学报,2010,31(1):96-99.HOU J,DU Q J,SU Q L,et al. Macroscopic response mechanism and distribution rules of remaining oil in polymer flooding. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(1):96-99.
[3]汪萍,常毓文,唐玮,等.聚合物驱油后提高采收率优化研究.特种油气藏,2011,18(4):73-74.WANG P,CHANG Y W,TANG W,et al. EOR optimization after polymer flooding. Special Oil and Gas Reservoir,2011,18(4):73-74.
[4]李鹏华,李兆敏,赵金省,等.多段塞平行聚能提高聚合物驱后采收率实验研究.石油学报,2010,31(1):110-113.LI P H,LI Z M,ZHAO J X,et al. Experimental study on multislugs parallel gathering energy for enhancing oil recovery after polymer flooding. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(1):110-113.
[5]张继红,郭鑫.聚合物与葡北油田储层孔隙结构适应性研究.岩性油气藏,2016,28(4):101-105.ZHANG J H,GUO X. Adaptability of polymer to reservoir pore structure in Pubei Oilfield. Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(4):101-105.
[6]刘晨,王凯,王业飞,等.针对A油田的抗温、抗盐聚合物/表面活性剂二元复合驱油体系研究.岩性油气藏,2017,29(3):152-158.LIU C,WANG K,WANG Y F,et al. Polymer/surfactant binary flooding in A oilfield with high temperature and high salinity.Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(3):152-158.
[7] WANG W,WANG R J,LIU Y G,et al. The performance characteristics of Cr3+polymer gel and its application analyses in Bohai Oilfield. International Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition in China,2010.
[8]沈德煌,马德胜,聂凌云,等.聚合物驱后油藏蒸汽驱技术可行性研究.特种油气藏,2011,18(4):108-109.SHEN D H,MA D S,NIE L Y,et al. Technical feasibility of steam flooding after polymer flooding. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2011,18(4):108-109.
[9]赵金省.聚驱后等流度泡沫驱油提高采收率技术研究.东营:中国石油大学,2008.ZHAO J X. Study on nitrogen foam flooding in uniform mobility for EOR after polymer flooding. Dongying:China University of Petroleum,2008.
[10]孙灵辉,刘卫东,赵海宁,等.聚驱后高弹性聚合物驱油方法探索.西南石油大学学报,2007,29(6):103-105.SUN L H,LIU W D,ZHAO H N,et al. A probe into high elasticity HPAM flooding in post-polymer flooding. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University,2007,29(6):103-105.
[11]孟令伟,康万利,王志伟,等.聚驱后等流度提高采收率室内驱油实验研究.中国科技论文在线,2009,4(6):436-440.MENG L W,KANG W L,WANG Z W,et al. Experimental research in laboratory on equi-mobility improving oil recovery after polymer flooding. China Science and Technology Paper Online,2009,4(6):436-440.
[12]张保康,徐国瑞,铁磊磊,等.“堵水+调剖”工艺参数优化和油藏适应性评价:以渤海SZ36-1油田为例.岩性油气藏,2017,29(5):155-161.ZHANG B K,XU G R,TIE L L,et al. Optimization of technological parameters and evaluation of reservoir adaptation by water plugging and profile control:a case from Bohai SZ36-1 oilfield. Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(5):155-161.
[13]孙建英,方艳君.聚驱后剩余油分布及挖潜技术研究.大庆石油地质与开发,2005,24(4):37-39.SUN J Y,FANG Y J. Remaining oil distribution and techniques for further development after polymer flooding. Petroleum Geology and Development in Daqing,2005,24(4):37-39.
[14]卢祥国,高振环,赵小京,等.聚合物驱油之后剩余油分布规律研究.石油学报,1993,17(4):55-61.LU X G,GAO Z H,ZHAO X J,et al. Distribution regularities of remaining oil in heterogeneous reservoirs after polymer flooding. Acta Petrolei Sinica,1993,17(4):55-61.
[15]禹影.聚合物驱后油层优势渗流通道识别与治理.大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(4):101-105.YU Y. Identification and control of the preferential seepage channels for the oil reservoirs after the polymer flooding. Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(4):101-105.
[16]曹瑞波.聚驱后“正电胶调剖+三元复合驱”提高采收率技术.西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2016,31(1):58-61.CAO R B. Combined EOR method of positively-charged-gel profile control with ASP flooding after polymer flooding. Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2016,31(1):58-61.
[17]刘海波.大庆油区长垣油田聚合物驱后优势渗流通道分布及渗流特征.油气地质与采收率,2014,21(5):69-72.LIU H B. Dominant flowing channels distribution and seepage characteristics after polymer flooding in Daqing oilfield. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2014,21(5):69-72.
[18]卢祥国,张云宝.聚合物驱后进一步提高采收率方法及其作用机理研究.大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(6):113-118.LU X G,ZHANG Y B. EOR methods after polymer flooding and their action mechanisms. Petroleum Geology and Development in Daqing,2007,26(6):113-118.
[19]韩培慧,苏伟明,林海川,等.聚驱后不同化学驱提高采收率对比评价.西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,26(5):43-48.HAN P H,SU W M,LIN H C,et al. Evaluation and comparison of different EOR techniques after polymer flooding. Journal of Xi'an Petroleum University(Natural Science Edition),2011,26(5):43-48.
[20]李海涛,李颖,李亚辉,等.低盐度注水提高碳酸盐岩油藏采收率.岩性油气藏,2016,28(2):119-126.LI H T,LI Y,LI Y H,et al. Low salinity waterflooding to enhance oil recovery of carbonate reservoirs. Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(2):119-126.
[21]杨菲,郭拥军,张新民,等.聚驱后缔合聚合物三元复合驱提高采收率技术.石油学报,2014,35(5):908-913.YANG F,GUO Y J,ZHANG X M,et al. Enhanced oil recovery technology of alkaline/hydrophobically associating polyacrylamide flooding after polymer flooding. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(5):908-913.
[22]程杰成,吴军政,胡俊卿.三元复合驱提高原油采收率关键理论与技术.石油学报,2014,35(2):310-318.CHENG J C,WU J Z,HU J Q. Key theory and technology for enhanced oil recovery of alkaline/surfactant/polymer flooding.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(2):310-318.
[23]周亚洲,殷代印,张承丽.大庆油区三元复合驱耐碱性调剖剂的研制与段塞组合优化.油气地质与采收率,2014,21(5):73-76.ZHOU Y Z,YIN D Y,ZHANG C L. Preparation and plug optimization of profile control agent in ASP flooding. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2014,21(5):73-76.
[24]王洪关,何顺利,冯爱丽,等.插层聚合物凝胶深部液流转向剂的研制与性能评价.石油学报,2014,35(1):107-113.WANG H G,HE S L,FENG A L,et al. A intercalated polymer gel for deep fluid diversion agent and performance evaluation.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(1):107-113.
[25]王闯,卢祥国,刘峰,等.驱油用“插层”聚合物表征及其溶液性能.大庆石油学院学报,2012,36(1):53-58.WANG C,LU X G,LIU F,et al. Characterization and solution evaluation of“intercalating”polymer for oil-displacement. Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2012,36(1):53-58.
[26]周丛丛.聚合物驱相对渗透率计算的微观模拟研究.岩性油气藏,2011,23(3):119-123.ZHOU C C. Microscopic simulation of relative permeability curves in polymer flooding. Lithologic Reservoirs,2011,23(3):119-123.
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