盐胁迫对欧美杂交杨异戊二烯释放和光合参数的影响
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摘要
为揭示2种欧美杨(Populus deltoides×Populus nigra)光合速率、异戊二烯释放速率、生长形态对盐胁迫的响应,以欧美杨895、欧美杨1388为试验材料,用浓度为0、0.18 mol/L的NaCl溶液对其进行处理,测定不同处理下2种欧美杨气体交换指标、异戊二烯释放的相关参数以及生物量相关的生长指标.结果显示:盐胁迫显著降低了2种欧美杨的净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(g_s)及蒸腾速率(T_r),但其胞间CO_2浓度(C_i)并未受到影响;盐胁迫下,2种欧美杨的异戊二烯释放速率和异戊二烯合酶反应系数明显降低,但异戊二烯的直接前体物二甲基烯丙基二磷酸酯(DMADP)库容在统计学上并没受到显著的影响,这说明盐胁迫下异戊二烯释放速率的降低主要是由异戊二烯合成酶活性的降低所导致;2种欧美杨的相对生长速率和总干物质量在盐胁迫下均显著下降,其中1388品种的根和茎干重占总干物质量的比例显著高于895品种,而其叶干重刚好相反,说明2个品种不同器官的生物量分配在盐胁迫下存在差异.综上所述,2种欧美杨对盐胁迫的响应相似,抗逆性也没有表现出显著差异,但其异戊二烯释放速率以及光合速率下降的调控机制有所差异,这很可能是2个品种不同器官的生物量分配产生差异的原因.
This study aimed to explore the responses of photosynthetic rate, isoprene emission rate, and growth morphology in two varieties of hybrid poplar crosses, Populus deltoides × Populus nigra 895 and P. deltoides × P. nigra 1388, under salinity conditions. The gas exchange indicators, isoprene emission parameters, and biomass growth index were measured during salinity stress imposed by the addition of 0 and 0.18 mol/L NaCl. Salinity stress substantially reduced the net assimilation rate(P_n), stomatal conductance(g_s), transmission rate(T_r) of the both varieties; however, the intercellular CO_2 concentration(C_i) was not affected. The isoprene emission rate and isoprene synthase(IspS) reaction constant decreased obviously under salinity in both varieties, showing a statistically insignificant influence on the pool size of isoprenoid precursor dimethylallyl diphosphate(DMADP). The relative height growth rate and total dry weight were significantly decreased under salinity in both varieties, and the ratio of the root and stem weight to total dry weight variety 1388 was significantly higher than that of variety 895, while their leaf dry weights showed the opposite trend. In conclusion, the decrease in isoprene emission rate was mainly due to the decrease in isoprene synthase activity under salinity; the salinity stress responses were similar in both varieties. No significant differences were observed in resistance, but the regulatory mechanisms of isoprene emission and net assimilation rates were different, which was probably the reason for the differences in biomass allocation among different organs of the two studied varieties.
This study aimed to explore the responses of photosynthetic rate, isoprene emission rate, and growth morphology in two varieties of hybrid poplar crosses, Populus deltoides × Populus nigra 895 and P. deltoides × P. nigra 1388, under salinity conditions. The gas exchange indicators, isoprene emission parameters, and biomass growth index were measured during salinity stress imposed by the addition of 0 and 0.18 mol/L NaCl. Salinity stress substantially reduced the net assimilation rate(P_n), stomatal conductance(g_s), transmission rate(T_r) of the both varieties; however, the intercellular CO_2 concentration(C_i) was not affected. The isoprene emission rate and isoprene synthase(IspS) reaction constant decreased obviously under salinity in both varieties, showing a statistically insignificant influence on the pool size of isoprenoid precursor dimethylallyl diphosphate(DMADP). The relative height growth rate and total dry weight were significantly decreased under salinity in both varieties, and the ratio of the root and stem weight to total dry weight variety 1388 was significantly higher than that of variety 895, while their leaf dry weights showed the opposite trend. In conclusion, the decrease in isoprene emission rate was mainly due to the decrease in isoprene synthase activity under salinity; the salinity stress responses were similar in both varieties. No significant differences were observed in resistance, but the regulatory mechanisms of isoprene emission and net assimilation rates were different, which was probably the reason for the differences in biomass allocation among different organs of the two studied varieties.
引文
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14张其德,蒋高明,朱新广,王强,卢从明,白克智,匡廷云,魏其克,李振声.12个不同基因型冬小麦的光合能力[J].植物生态学报,2001,25(5):532-536[Zhang QD,Jiang GM,Zhu XG,Wang Q,Lu CM,Bai ZK,Kuang TY,Wei QK,Li ZS.Photosynthetic capability of 12 genotypes of Triticum aestivum[J].Chin J Plant Ecol,2001,25(5):532-536]
15刘明虎,辛智鸣,徐军,孙非,窦立军,李永华.干旱区植物叶片大小对叶表面蒸腾及叶温的影响[J].植物生态学报,2013,37(5):436-442[Liu MH,Xin ZM,Xu J,Sun F,Dou LJ,Li YH.Influence of leaf size of plant on leaf transpiration and temperature in arid regions[J].Chin JPlant Ecol,2013,37(5):436-442]
16蔡金桓,都成林,薛立,叶自慧,郑欣颖,李子华.3种园林植物的抗盐光合特性[J].安徽农业大学学报,2017,44(2):272-272[Cai JH,Du CL,Xue L,Ye ZH,Zheng XY,Li ZH.Photosynthetic characteristics of three garden plants in response to salt stress[J].J Anhui Agric Univ,2017,44(2):272-272]
17 Sharkey TD,Singsaas EL.Why plants emit isoprene[J].Nature,1995,374(6525):769-769
18聂江力,裴毅,冯丹丹.NaCl和NaHCO3胁迫对车前种子萌发的影响[J].北方园艺,2015(5):25-28[Nie JL,Pei Y,Feng DD.Effect of NaCl and NaHCO3 stress on seed germination of Plantago asiatica L.[J].N Hortic,2015,5:25-28]
19周珩,郭世荣,邵慧娟,陈新斌,魏斌,胡荣,姜冬晨,郑智航,孙锦.等渗NaCl和Ca(NO3)2胁迫对黄瓜幼苗生长和生理特性的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(7):1880-1890[Zhou H,Guo SR,Shao HJ,Chen XB,Wei B,Hu R,Jiang DC,Zheng ZH,Sun J.Effects of iso-osmotic Ca(NO3)2 and NaCl stress on growth and physiological characteristics of cucumber seedlings[J].Acta Ecol Sin,2014,34(7):1880-1890]
20赵春桥,李继伟,范希峰,侯新村,武菊英,胡跃高,刘吉利.不同盐胁迫对柳枝稷生物量、品质和光合生理的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(19):6489-6495[Zhao CQ,Li JW,Fan XF,Hou XC,Wu JY,Hu WG,Liu JL.Effects of salt stress on biomass,quality,and photosynthetic physiology in switchgrass[J].Acta Ecol Sin,2015,35(19):6489-6495]
2彭程.盐胁迫对植物的影响及植物耐盐研究进展[J].山东商业职业技术学院学报,2014,14(2):123-128[Peng C.Advanced in research on effects of salt stress on plant and adaptive mechanism of the plant to salinity[J].J Shandong Inst Com Technol,2014,14(2):123-128]
3郑国琦,马宏玮,许兴.盐胁迫下宁夏枸杞盐分与甜菜碱累积及其与光合作用的关系[J].中国生态农业学报,2003,11(3):51-54[Zheng GQ,Ma HW,Xu X.The relationship between the accumulation of salt ions betaine,and the photosynthesis in leaves of Lycium barbarum L.under salt stress[J].Chin J Eco-Agric,2003,11(3):51-54]
4 Sun Z,Hüve K,Vislap V,Niinemetsü.Elevated[CO2]magnifies isoprene emissions under heat and improves thermal resistance in hybrid aspen[J].J Exp Bot,2013,64(18):5509-5523
5 Possell M,Loreto F.The Role of Volatile Organic Compounds in Plant Resistance to Abiotic Stresses:Responses and Mechanisms[M].Springer Netherlands:Biology,Controls and Models of Tree Volatile Organic Compound Emissions,2013:209-235
6 Fineschi S,Loreto F,Staudt M,Penuelas J.Diversification of Volatile Isoprenoid Emissions from Trees:Evolutionary and Ecological Perspectives[M].Springer Netherlands:Biology,Controls and Models of Tree Volatile Organic Compound Emissions,2013:1-20
7 Affek HP,Yakir D.Protection by isoprene against singlet oxygen in leaves[J].Plant Physiol,2002,129(1):269-277
8 Vickers CE,Possell M,Cojocariu CI,Velikova VB,Laothawornkitkul J,Ryan A,Mullineaux PM,Nicholas Hewitt C.Isoprene synthesis protects tobacco plants from oxidative stress[J].Plant Cell Environ,2009a,32(5):520-531
9 Teuber M,Zimmer I,Kreuzwieser J,Ache P,Polle A,Rennenberg H,Schnitzler JP.VOC emissions of grey poplar leaves as affected by salt stress and different N sources[J].Plant Biol,2008,10(1):86-96
10冯兆龙.杨树高产栽培技术[J].农民致富之友,2015(3):199-199[Feng ZL.Cultivation techniques of high-yield poplar.Friends Farmers Get Rich,2015(3):199-199]
11 Lindinger W,Hansel A.Analysis of trace gases at ppb levels by proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry(PTR-MS)[J].Plasma Sources Sci Technol,1996,6(2):111-117.
12 Rasulov B,Copolovici L,Laisk A,Niinemets U.Postillumination isoprene emission:in vivo measurements of dimethylallyldiphosphate pool size and isoprene synthase kinetics in aspen leaves[J].Plant Physiol,2009,149(3):1609-1618
13 Rasulov B,Hüve K,Bichele I,Laisk A,Niinemets U.Temperature response of isoprene emission in vivo reflects a combined effect of substrate limitations and isoprene synthase activity:a kinetic analysis[J].Plant Physiol,2010,154(3):1558-1570
14张其德,蒋高明,朱新广,王强,卢从明,白克智,匡廷云,魏其克,李振声.12个不同基因型冬小麦的光合能力[J].植物生态学报,2001,25(5):532-536[Zhang QD,Jiang GM,Zhu XG,Wang Q,Lu CM,Bai ZK,Kuang TY,Wei QK,Li ZS.Photosynthetic capability of 12 genotypes of Triticum aestivum[J].Chin J Plant Ecol,2001,25(5):532-536]
15刘明虎,辛智鸣,徐军,孙非,窦立军,李永华.干旱区植物叶片大小对叶表面蒸腾及叶温的影响[J].植物生态学报,2013,37(5):436-442[Liu MH,Xin ZM,Xu J,Sun F,Dou LJ,Li YH.Influence of leaf size of plant on leaf transpiration and temperature in arid regions[J].Chin JPlant Ecol,2013,37(5):436-442]
16蔡金桓,都成林,薛立,叶自慧,郑欣颖,李子华.3种园林植物的抗盐光合特性[J].安徽农业大学学报,2017,44(2):272-272[Cai JH,Du CL,Xue L,Ye ZH,Zheng XY,Li ZH.Photosynthetic characteristics of three garden plants in response to salt stress[J].J Anhui Agric Univ,2017,44(2):272-272]
17 Sharkey TD,Singsaas EL.Why plants emit isoprene[J].Nature,1995,374(6525):769-769
18聂江力,裴毅,冯丹丹.NaCl和NaHCO3胁迫对车前种子萌发的影响[J].北方园艺,2015(5):25-28[Nie JL,Pei Y,Feng DD.Effect of NaCl and NaHCO3 stress on seed germination of Plantago asiatica L.[J].N Hortic,2015,5:25-28]
19周珩,郭世荣,邵慧娟,陈新斌,魏斌,胡荣,姜冬晨,郑智航,孙锦.等渗NaCl和Ca(NO3)2胁迫对黄瓜幼苗生长和生理特性的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(7):1880-1890[Zhou H,Guo SR,Shao HJ,Chen XB,Wei B,Hu R,Jiang DC,Zheng ZH,Sun J.Effects of iso-osmotic Ca(NO3)2 and NaCl stress on growth and physiological characteristics of cucumber seedlings[J].Acta Ecol Sin,2014,34(7):1880-1890]
20赵春桥,李继伟,范希峰,侯新村,武菊英,胡跃高,刘吉利.不同盐胁迫对柳枝稷生物量、品质和光合生理的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(19):6489-6495[Zhao CQ,Li JW,Fan XF,Hou XC,Wu JY,Hu WG,Liu JL.Effects of salt stress on biomass,quality,and photosynthetic physiology in switchgrass[J].Acta Ecol Sin,2015,35(19):6489-6495]
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