环境中磷化氢的产生、分布及转化研究进展
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摘要
磷化氢广泛产生于稻田耕作、垃圾填埋、废水处理、工业生产等过程,但环境中磷化氢的形成机制、转化途径等问题尚不清晰。本文从磷化氢的环境效益出发,分析了气体自由态与基质结合态磷化氢的产生及时空分布特性,归纳了磷化氢催化转化、光化学氧化、微生物降解等转化途径及作用机理,探讨了磷化氢生物地球化学循环过程存在的相关问题。综合磷化氢源汇解析、迁移转化等方面的现有研究及发展态势,后续研究可聚焦如下3个方面:(1)废水中磷化氢厌氧生成机制及过程强化;(2)水体富营养化与磷化氢及其氧化产物的响应关系;(3)磷化氢生物氧化的具体途径及作用机制。
Phosphine is widely produced from paddy cultivation, refuse landfill, wastewater treatment,industrial production or other sources. However the formation mechanism and transformation pathway of phosphine in the environment are still unclear. Based on the environmental benefits of phosphine, this review investigated the release and spatiotemporal distribution of two kinds of phosphine, free gaseous PH_3 and matrix-bound PH_3, and analyzed the transformation pathways including catalytic conversion,photochemical oxidation, microbial degradation and so on, then explored the mechanism for PH_3 conversion and analyzed some significant problems related to the biogeochemical cycling of phosphine.According to the obtained research on source and sink analysis as well as phosphine's transport andtransformation in environment, follow-up research can focus on the following three aspects:(1) theformation mechanism and process intensification of gaseous phosphine in the anaerobic wastewater treatment system;(2) the response relationship between water eutrophication and phosphine and its oxidation products;(3) the mechanism and specific pathway of phosphine bio-oxidation system.
Phosphine is widely produced from paddy cultivation, refuse landfill, wastewater treatment,industrial production or other sources. However the formation mechanism and transformation pathway of phosphine in the environment are still unclear. Based on the environmental benefits of phosphine, this review investigated the release and spatiotemporal distribution of two kinds of phosphine, free gaseous PH_3 and matrix-bound PH_3, and analyzed the transformation pathways including catalytic conversion,photochemical oxidation, microbial degradation and so on, then explored the mechanism for PH_3 conversion and analyzed some significant problems related to the biogeochemical cycling of phosphine.According to the obtained research on source and sink analysis as well as phosphine's transport andtransformation in environment, follow-up research can focus on the following three aspects:(1) theformation mechanism and process intensification of gaseous phosphine in the anaerobic wastewater treatment system;(2) the response relationship between water eutrophication and phosphine and its oxidation products;(3) the mechanism and specific pathway of phosphine bio-oxidation system.
引文
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