2017年9月23日朝鲜M_L3.4地震矩张量反演
|
摘要
利用区域地震台网数字波形资料,对2017年9月23日朝鲜M_L3.4地震进行地震矩张量反演计算与参数稳定性评估,获得了此次地震的震源机制解.结果表明,地震矩心深度为3km,标量地震矩为1.34×10~(14) N·m,矩震级为M_W3.4.地震矩张量结果分解后,双力偶分量(DC)为96.4%,补偿线性矢量偶极分量(CLVD)为-0.8%,震源体体积变化的各向同性分量(ISO)为-2.8%.主压应力P轴方位角为144°,倾角为74°,主张应力T轴方位角为341°,倾角为15°.其中一个节面的参数为:走向248°,倾向60°,滑动角-94°.地震震源体积变化分量很小,震源机制类型属于典型的由断层剪切位错引起的正断层型地震事件,且主张应力T轴方向与区域近地表应变率场方向一致.由于朝鲜2017年9月3日核试验释放的能量对局部区域应力场进行了扰动,致使核试验场附近地壳岩体处于破裂的临界状态,2017年9月23日朝鲜M_L3.4地震事件可能是区域应力场作用下的一次山体滑动事件.
According to the China Earthquake Networks Center(CENC),an earthquake event occurred at Huataishan near the nuclear test site in Hamgyong of Democratic People′s Republic of Korea(DPRK),with a focal depth of 0 km and a local magnitude of 3.4.It is important to determine the focal mechanism for further identifying it from underground nuclear test,natural earthquake,landslide and collapse.Based on the digital seismic data recorded on a regional network installed in Northeastern China,we investigated the focal mechanism for this event.The seismic moment tensor was determined with uncertainty estimation.The results show that the centroid depth is 3 km,the scalar seismic moment is 1.34×10~(14) N·m,and the moment magnitude is M_W3.4.The moment tensor solution was decomposed to DC(Double couple),CLVD(Compensated linear vector dipole)and ISO(Volumetric)components,and their values are 96.4%,-0.8% and -2.8%,respectively,where the volume component of seismic source body seems to be very small and was neglected in the solution.The azimuth and plunge of the principalcompressive stress P axis are 144° and 74°,respectively.The azimuth and plunge of the principal tensile stress T axis are 341° and 15°,respectively.The strike,dip and rake are 248°,60° and -94°,respectively.The focal mechanism can be characterized by double couple model as a normal faulting mechanism.The direction of the main tensile stress is in agreement with one of regional strain rate field near surface.The huge energy from the nuclear test on September 3,2017 have disturbed the local crustal stress field.We suggested that the regional stress field triggered a natural event which may contribute to the M_L3.4 earthquake.
According to the China Earthquake Networks Center(CENC),an earthquake event occurred at Huataishan near the nuclear test site in Hamgyong of Democratic People′s Republic of Korea(DPRK),with a focal depth of 0 km and a local magnitude of 3.4.It is important to determine the focal mechanism for further identifying it from underground nuclear test,natural earthquake,landslide and collapse.Based on the digital seismic data recorded on a regional network installed in Northeastern China,we investigated the focal mechanism for this event.The seismic moment tensor was determined with uncertainty estimation.The results show that the centroid depth is 3 km,the scalar seismic moment is 1.34×10~(14) N·m,and the moment magnitude is M_W3.4.The moment tensor solution was decomposed to DC(Double couple),CLVD(Compensated linear vector dipole)and ISO(Volumetric)components,and their values are 96.4%,-0.8% and -2.8%,respectively,where the volume component of seismic source body seems to be very small and was neglected in the solution.The azimuth and plunge of the principalcompressive stress P axis are 144° and 74°,respectively.The azimuth and plunge of the principal tensile stress T axis are 341° and 15°,respectively.The strike,dip and rake are 248°,60° and -94°,respectively.The focal mechanism can be characterized by double couple model as a normal faulting mechanism.The direction of the main tensile stress is in agreement with one of regional strain rate field near surface.The huge energy from the nuclear test on September 3,2017 have disturbed the local crustal stress field.We suggested that the regional stress field triggered a natural event which may contribute to the M_L3.4 earthquake.
引文
Benetatos C,Málek J,Verga F.2013.Moment tensor inversion for two micro-earthquakes occurring inside the Háje gas storage facilities,Czech Republic.Journal of Seismology,17(2):557-577.
Bouchon M.1981.A simple method to calculate Green′s functions for elastic layered Media.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,71(4):959-971.
Boyd O S,Dreger D S,Lai V H,et al.2015.A systematic analysis of seismic moment tensor at the geysers geothermal field,California.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,105(6):2969-2986.
Cesca S,Sen A T,Dahm T.2014.Seismicity monitoring by cluster analysis of moment tensors.Geophysical Journal International,196(3):1813-1826.
Cesca S,Heimann S,Kriegerowski M,et al.2017.Moment tensor inversion for nuclear explosions:what Can We learn from the 6January and 9September 2016nuclear tests,North Korea?.Seismological Research Letters,88(2A):300-310.
Chapman C H,Leaney W S.2012.A new moment-tensor decomposition for seismic events in anisotropic media.Geophysical Journal International,188(1):343-370.
Ford S R,Dreger D S,Walter W R.2009.Source analysis of the Memorial Day explosion,Kimchaek,North Korea.Geophysical ResearchLetters,36(21):L21304,doi:10.1029/2009GL040003.
Foulger G R.1988.Hengill triple junction,SW Iceland 2.Anomalous earthquake focal mechanisms and implications for process within the geothermal reservoir and at accretionary plate boundaries.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,93(B11):13507-13523.
Foulger G R,Julian B R,Hill D P,et al.2004.Non-double-couple microearthquakes at Long Valley caldera,California,provide evidence for hydraulic fracturing.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,132(1):45-71.
Hudson J A,Pearce R G,Rogers R M.1989.Source type plot for inversion of the moment tensor.Journalof Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,94(B1):765-774.
Jin S,Park P H.2007.Tectonic activities and deformation in South Korea constrained by GPS observations.International Journal of Geology,2(1):11-15.
Julian B R,Sipkin S A.1985.Earthquake processes in the long valley Caldera Area,California.Journal Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,90(B13):11155-11169.
Julian B R,Miller A D,Foulger G R.1998.Non-double-couple earthquakes 1.Theory.Reviews of Geophysics,36(4):525-549.
Kagan Y Y.1991.3-D rotation of double-couple earthquake sources.Geophysical Journal International,106(3):709-716.
Kennett B L N,Engdahl E R,Buland R.1995.Constraints on seismic velocities in the Earth from traveltimes.Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society,122(1):108-124.
Kikuchi M,Kanamori H.1991.Inversion of complex body wavesIII.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,81(6):2335-2350.
Liu J,Li L,Zahradník J,et al.2018.North Korea′s 2017test and its nontectonic aftershock.Geophysical Research Letters,45(7):3017-3025.
Liu J Q,Liu C,Lei J S,et al.2017.The moment tensors of the2013 Qianguo MS5.8 seismic swarm.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),60(9):3418-3431,doi:10.6038/cjg20170912.
Lu Z X,Jiang X Q,Pan K,et al.2002.Seismic tomography in the northeast margin area of Sino-Korean platform.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),45(3):338-351.
Minson S E,Dreger D S,Bürgmann R,et al.2007.Seismically and geodetically determined nondouble-couple source mechanisms from the 2000Miyakejima volcanic earthquake swarm.Journal Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,112(B10):B10308,doi:10.1029/2006JB004847.
Nguyen M,Watanabe H,Budson A E,et al.1994.Elevated levels of an angiogenic peptide,basic fibroblast growth factor,in the urine of patients with a wide spectrum of cancers.Journal of the National Cancer Institute,86(5):356-361.
Sokos E,Zahradník J R.2013.Evaluating centroid moment tensor uncertainty in the new version of ISOLA software.Seismological Research Letters,84(4):656-665.
Sokos E,Zahradník J,Gallovic F,et al.2016.Asperity break after12years:the MW6.4 2015 Lefkada(Greece)earthquake.Geophysical Research Letters,43(12):6137-6145,doi:10.1002/2016GL069427.
Vavrycuk V.2001.Inversion for parameters of tensile earthquakes.Journal Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,106(B8):16339-16355.
Wen L X,Long H.2010.High-precision location of North Korea′s2009nuclear test.Seismological Research Letters,81(1):26-29.
Xu Z H,Li S Y.2013.Seismological encyclopedia knowledge(two)─Source Physics(Part 2).Recent Developments in World Seismology(in Chinese),(3):34-40.
Yang B J,Mu S M,Jin X,et al.1996.Synthesized study on the geophysics of Manzhouli-Suifenhe geoscience transect,China.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),39(6):772-782.
Yi G X,Long F,Wen X Z,et al.2015.Seismogenic structure of the M6.3 Kangding earthquake sequence on 22 Nov.2014,Southwestern China.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),58(4):1205-1219,doi:10.6038/cjg20150410.
Zahradník J,CízkováH,Bina C R,et al.2017.A recent deep earthquake doublet in light of long-term evolution of Nazca subduction.Scientific Reports,7:45153.
Zhang G W,Lei J S.2015.Mechanism of the 2011 Tengchong,Yunnan,MS5.2 double earthquakes.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),58(4):1194-1204,doi:10.6038/cjg20150409.
Zhang M,Wen L X.2013.High-precision location and yield of North Korea′s 2013 nuclear test.Geophysical Research Letters,40(12):2941-2946.
Zhao C P,Chen Z L,Zheng S H,et al.2008.Moment inversion of moderate earthquakes and the locally perturbed stress field in the Jiashi source region.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),58(3):782-792.
Zhao L F,Xie X B,Wang W M,et al.2014.The 12February 2013North Korean underground nuclear test.Seismological Research Letters,85(1):130-134.
Zhao L F,Xie X B,Wang W M,et al.2016.Seismological investigation of the 2016January 6North Korean underground nuclear test.Geophysical Journal International,206(3):1487-1491.
Zhao L F,Xie X B,Wang W M,et al.2017a.The 9September2016North Korean underground nuclear test.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,107(6):3044-3051,doi:10.1785/0120160355.
Zhao L F,Xie X B,He X,et al.2017b.Seismological discrimination and yield estimation of the 3 September 2017Democratic People′s Republic of Korea(DPRK)underground
nuclear test.ChineseScienceBulletin(in Chinese),62(35):4163-4168,doi:10.1360/N972017-00979.
Zheng Y,Ma H S,Lv J,et al.2009.Source mechanism of strong aftershocks(MS5.6)of the 2008/05/12 Wenchuan earthquake and the implication for seismotectonics.ScienceinChinaSeries D:Earth Sciences,52(6):739-753.
刘俊清,刘财,雷建设等.2017.2013年前郭MS5.8震群矩张量研究.地球物理学报,60(9):3418-3431,doi:10.6038/cjg20170912.
卢造勋,蒋秀琴,潘科等.2002.中朝地台东北缘地区的地震层析成像.地球物理学报,45(3):338-351.
许忠淮,李世愚.2013.地震学百科知识(二)---震源物理(下).国际地震动态,(3):34-40.
杨宝俊,穆石敏,金旭等.1996.中国满洲里-绥芬河地学断面地球物理综合研究.地球物理学报,39(6):772-782.
易桂喜,龙锋,闻学泽等.2015.2014年11月22日康定M6.3级地震序列发震构造分析.地球物理学报,58(4):1205-1219,doi:10.6038/cjg20150410.
张广伟,雷建设.2015.2011年云南腾冲5.2级双震发震机理.地球物理学报,58(4):1194-1204,doi:10.6038/cjg20150409.
赵翠萍,陈章立,郑斯华等.2008.伽师震源区中等强度地震矩张量反演及其应力场特征.地球物理学报,51(3):782-792.
赵连锋,谢小碧,何熹等.2017b.2017年9月3日朝鲜地下核试验的地震学鉴别和当量估计.科学通报,62(35):4163-4168,doi:10.1360/N972017-00979.
郑勇,马宏生,吕坚等.2009.汶川地震强余震(MS≥5.6)的震源机制解及其与发震构造的关系.中国科学D辑:地球科学,39(4):413-426.
Bouchon M.1981.A simple method to calculate Green′s functions for elastic layered Media.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,71(4):959-971.
Boyd O S,Dreger D S,Lai V H,et al.2015.A systematic analysis of seismic moment tensor at the geysers geothermal field,California.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,105(6):2969-2986.
Cesca S,Sen A T,Dahm T.2014.Seismicity monitoring by cluster analysis of moment tensors.Geophysical Journal International,196(3):1813-1826.
Cesca S,Heimann S,Kriegerowski M,et al.2017.Moment tensor inversion for nuclear explosions:what Can We learn from the 6January and 9September 2016nuclear tests,North Korea?.Seismological Research Letters,88(2A):300-310.
Chapman C H,Leaney W S.2012.A new moment-tensor decomposition for seismic events in anisotropic media.Geophysical Journal International,188(1):343-370.
Ford S R,Dreger D S,Walter W R.2009.Source analysis of the Memorial Day explosion,Kimchaek,North Korea.Geophysical ResearchLetters,36(21):L21304,doi:10.1029/2009GL040003.
Foulger G R.1988.Hengill triple junction,SW Iceland 2.Anomalous earthquake focal mechanisms and implications for process within the geothermal reservoir and at accretionary plate boundaries.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,93(B11):13507-13523.
Foulger G R,Julian B R,Hill D P,et al.2004.Non-double-couple microearthquakes at Long Valley caldera,California,provide evidence for hydraulic fracturing.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,132(1):45-71.
Hudson J A,Pearce R G,Rogers R M.1989.Source type plot for inversion of the moment tensor.Journalof Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,94(B1):765-774.
Jin S,Park P H.2007.Tectonic activities and deformation in South Korea constrained by GPS observations.International Journal of Geology,2(1):11-15.
Julian B R,Sipkin S A.1985.Earthquake processes in the long valley Caldera Area,California.Journal Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,90(B13):11155-11169.
Julian B R,Miller A D,Foulger G R.1998.Non-double-couple earthquakes 1.Theory.Reviews of Geophysics,36(4):525-549.
Kagan Y Y.1991.3-D rotation of double-couple earthquake sources.Geophysical Journal International,106(3):709-716.
Kennett B L N,Engdahl E R,Buland R.1995.Constraints on seismic velocities in the Earth from traveltimes.Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society,122(1):108-124.
Kikuchi M,Kanamori H.1991.Inversion of complex body wavesIII.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,81(6):2335-2350.
Liu J,Li L,Zahradník J,et al.2018.North Korea′s 2017test and its nontectonic aftershock.Geophysical Research Letters,45(7):3017-3025.
Liu J Q,Liu C,Lei J S,et al.2017.The moment tensors of the2013 Qianguo MS5.8 seismic swarm.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),60(9):3418-3431,doi:10.6038/cjg20170912.
Lu Z X,Jiang X Q,Pan K,et al.2002.Seismic tomography in the northeast margin area of Sino-Korean platform.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),45(3):338-351.
Minson S E,Dreger D S,Bürgmann R,et al.2007.Seismically and geodetically determined nondouble-couple source mechanisms from the 2000Miyakejima volcanic earthquake swarm.Journal Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,112(B10):B10308,doi:10.1029/2006JB004847.
Nguyen M,Watanabe H,Budson A E,et al.1994.Elevated levels of an angiogenic peptide,basic fibroblast growth factor,in the urine of patients with a wide spectrum of cancers.Journal of the National Cancer Institute,86(5):356-361.
Sokos E,Zahradník J R.2013.Evaluating centroid moment tensor uncertainty in the new version of ISOLA software.Seismological Research Letters,84(4):656-665.
Sokos E,Zahradník J,Gallovic F,et al.2016.Asperity break after12years:the MW6.4 2015 Lefkada(Greece)earthquake.Geophysical Research Letters,43(12):6137-6145,doi:10.1002/2016GL069427.
Vavrycuk V.2001.Inversion for parameters of tensile earthquakes.Journal Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,106(B8):16339-16355.
Wen L X,Long H.2010.High-precision location of North Korea′s2009nuclear test.Seismological Research Letters,81(1):26-29.
Xu Z H,Li S Y.2013.Seismological encyclopedia knowledge(two)─Source Physics(Part 2).Recent Developments in World Seismology(in Chinese),(3):34-40.
Yang B J,Mu S M,Jin X,et al.1996.Synthesized study on the geophysics of Manzhouli-Suifenhe geoscience transect,China.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),39(6):772-782.
Yi G X,Long F,Wen X Z,et al.2015.Seismogenic structure of the M6.3 Kangding earthquake sequence on 22 Nov.2014,Southwestern China.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),58(4):1205-1219,doi:10.6038/cjg20150410.
Zahradník J,CízkováH,Bina C R,et al.2017.A recent deep earthquake doublet in light of long-term evolution of Nazca subduction.Scientific Reports,7:45153.
Zhang G W,Lei J S.2015.Mechanism of the 2011 Tengchong,Yunnan,MS5.2 double earthquakes.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),58(4):1194-1204,doi:10.6038/cjg20150409.
Zhang M,Wen L X.2013.High-precision location and yield of North Korea′s 2013 nuclear test.Geophysical Research Letters,40(12):2941-2946.
Zhao C P,Chen Z L,Zheng S H,et al.2008.Moment inversion of moderate earthquakes and the locally perturbed stress field in the Jiashi source region.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),58(3):782-792.
Zhao L F,Xie X B,Wang W M,et al.2014.The 12February 2013North Korean underground nuclear test.Seismological Research Letters,85(1):130-134.
Zhao L F,Xie X B,Wang W M,et al.2016.Seismological investigation of the 2016January 6North Korean underground nuclear test.Geophysical Journal International,206(3):1487-1491.
Zhao L F,Xie X B,Wang W M,et al.2017a.The 9September2016North Korean underground nuclear test.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,107(6):3044-3051,doi:10.1785/0120160355.
Zhao L F,Xie X B,He X,et al.2017b.Seismological discrimination and yield estimation of the 3 September 2017Democratic People′s Republic of Korea(DPRK)underground
nuclear test.ChineseScienceBulletin(in Chinese),62(35):4163-4168,doi:10.1360/N972017-00979.
Zheng Y,Ma H S,Lv J,et al.2009.Source mechanism of strong aftershocks(MS5.6)of the 2008/05/12 Wenchuan earthquake and the implication for seismotectonics.ScienceinChinaSeries D:Earth Sciences,52(6):739-753.
刘俊清,刘财,雷建设等.2017.2013年前郭MS5.8震群矩张量研究.地球物理学报,60(9):3418-3431,doi:10.6038/cjg20170912.
卢造勋,蒋秀琴,潘科等.2002.中朝地台东北缘地区的地震层析成像.地球物理学报,45(3):338-351.
许忠淮,李世愚.2013.地震学百科知识(二)---震源物理(下).国际地震动态,(3):34-40.
杨宝俊,穆石敏,金旭等.1996.中国满洲里-绥芬河地学断面地球物理综合研究.地球物理学报,39(6):772-782.
易桂喜,龙锋,闻学泽等.2015.2014年11月22日康定M6.3级地震序列发震构造分析.地球物理学报,58(4):1205-1219,doi:10.6038/cjg20150410.
张广伟,雷建设.2015.2011年云南腾冲5.2级双震发震机理.地球物理学报,58(4):1194-1204,doi:10.6038/cjg20150409.
赵翠萍,陈章立,郑斯华等.2008.伽师震源区中等强度地震矩张量反演及其应力场特征.地球物理学报,51(3):782-792.
赵连锋,谢小碧,何熹等.2017b.2017年9月3日朝鲜地下核试验的地震学鉴别和当量估计.科学通报,62(35):4163-4168,doi:10.1360/N972017-00979.
郑勇,马宏生,吕坚等.2009.汶川地震强余震(MS≥5.6)的震源机制解及其与发震构造的关系.中国科学D辑:地球科学,39(4):413-426.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |