珠江口盆地白云深水区构造-岩性油气藏特征及成藏模式
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摘要
近年来,珠江口盆地白云凹陷构造-岩性油气藏的勘探获得较大突破,针对白云深水区构造-岩性油气藏发育机理及成藏主控因素认识模糊的现状,通过对白云凹陷已证实的构造-岩性油气藏的解剖,结合区域构造背景及深水环境下储层发育特征,对白云深水区东部的构造-岩性油气藏特征做了总结。研究表明:白云深水区东部发育继承性近东西向鼻状古隆起构造背景,珠江组下段SQ21低位体系域沉积期,在陆坡深水环境下发育近南北向展布的水道复合体砂岩、扇朵叶砂岩储层及大型泥质充填深切峡谷,在这种构造背景及沉积环境下,发育3类构造-岩性油气藏(水道型构造-岩性油气藏、水道侧封型构造-岩性油气藏、扇朵叶型构造-岩性油气藏);构造-岩性油气藏的发育主要受控于优质深水砂岩储层、长期古隆起背景和"流体底辟+断裂+构造脊+不整合+砂体"复合油气输导体系;白云主洼生成的油气,在晚期活动断裂和底辟作用下,由深部运移至珠海组—珠江组横向疏导层,沿长期鼻状隆起带的构造脊向鼻状构造带的高部位逐渐爬升,油气在运移途中被SQ21水道型、水道侧封型及扇朵叶型构造-岩性圈闭捕获,多种类型油气藏在同一构造背景下,形成由西向东逐级抬升的"阶梯状"复式构造-岩性油气藏带。该研究对中国深水盆地岩性油气藏勘探具有较好的借鉴及指导意义。
There is a major breakthrough in the exploration of structural-lithologic reservoir exploration in the Baiyun Sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin in recent years. The proven structural-lithologic reservoirs are analyzed to ascertain the development patterns and the main-controlling factors in the Baiyun deep-water area. The structural-lithologic reservoir properties in the eastern part of the Baiyun deep-water area are summarized based on the regional structural setting and reservoir development patterns. Research indicates that the eastern part of the Baiyun deep-water area shows an inherited nearly East-West nose-like palaeouplift structural setting. In the SQ21 low-level system tract deposition stage of the lower Pearl River Formation,the continental slope deep-water structural setting leads to the development of channel complex sandstone with nearly north-south distribution,fan-lobe sandstone reservoir and large-scale mud-filling incised canyon. There are three types of structural-lithologic reservoirs in this structural setting and deposition environment,including channel structural-lithologic reservoir,structurallithologic reservoir with lateral seal channel and fan-lobe structural-lithologic reservoir. The development of structural-lithologic reservoir is mainly dependent on the high-quality deep-water sandstone reservoir,long-term palaeouplift setting and the"fluid diaper + fault + structural ridge + unconformity + sandstone"composite hydrocarbon transmission system. Due to the actions of late active faults and diaper,the hydrocarbon generated by the major Baiyun Sag migrates from the deep part to the lateral channel of the Zhuhai-Zhujiang Formation and gradually climbs from the structural ridge to the high part of the nose-like structural zone along the long-term nose-like uplift zone. The hydrocarbon is captured by the SQ21 channel,lateral seal channel and fan-lobe structural-lithologic traps. Multiple hydrocarbon reservoir types result in a "positive-stepped"complex structure-lithologic reservoir zone from west to east under the same structural setting. This research could provide certain reference and guidance for the lithologic reservoir exploration of the deep-water basins in China.
There is a major breakthrough in the exploration of structural-lithologic reservoir exploration in the Baiyun Sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin in recent years. The proven structural-lithologic reservoirs are analyzed to ascertain the development patterns and the main-controlling factors in the Baiyun deep-water area. The structural-lithologic reservoir properties in the eastern part of the Baiyun deep-water area are summarized based on the regional structural setting and reservoir development patterns. Research indicates that the eastern part of the Baiyun deep-water area shows an inherited nearly East-West nose-like palaeouplift structural setting. In the SQ21 low-level system tract deposition stage of the lower Pearl River Formation,the continental slope deep-water structural setting leads to the development of channel complex sandstone with nearly north-south distribution,fan-lobe sandstone reservoir and large-scale mud-filling incised canyon. There are three types of structural-lithologic reservoirs in this structural setting and deposition environment,including channel structural-lithologic reservoir,structurallithologic reservoir with lateral seal channel and fan-lobe structural-lithologic reservoir. The development of structural-lithologic reservoir is mainly dependent on the high-quality deep-water sandstone reservoir,long-term palaeouplift setting and the"fluid diaper + fault + structural ridge + unconformity + sandstone"composite hydrocarbon transmission system. Due to the actions of late active faults and diaper,the hydrocarbon generated by the major Baiyun Sag migrates from the deep part to the lateral channel of the Zhuhai-Zhujiang Formation and gradually climbs from the structural ridge to the high part of the nose-like structural zone along the long-term nose-like uplift zone. The hydrocarbon is captured by the SQ21 channel,lateral seal channel and fan-lobe structural-lithologic traps. Multiple hydrocarbon reservoir types result in a "positive-stepped"complex structure-lithologic reservoir zone from west to east under the same structural setting. This research could provide certain reference and guidance for the lithologic reservoir exploration of the deep-water basins in China.
引文
[1]庞雄,陈长民,朱明,等.南海北部陆坡白云深水区油气成藏条件探讨[J].中国海上油气,2006,18(3):145-149.
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[3]钟志洪,施和生,朱明,等.珠江口盆地构造-地层格架及成因机制探[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(5):20-28.
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[5]柳保军,庞雄,颜承志,等.珠江口盆地白云深水区渐新世—中新世陆架坡折带演化及油气勘探意义[J].石油学报,2011,32(2):234-242.
[6]庞雄,柳保军,颜承志,等.关于南海北部深水重力流沉积问题的讨论[J].海洋学报,2012,34(3):114-119.
[7]陈亮,庞雄,刘军.等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷深水重力流优质砂岩储集层特征及识别方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(4):463-471.
[8]郑荣才,郑哲,高博禹,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷珠江组海底扇深水重力流沉积特征[J].岩性油气藏,2013,25(2):1-8.
[9]庞雄,陈长民,施和生,等.相对海平面变化与南海珠江深水扇系统的响应[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):167-177.
[10]李磊,王英民,徐强,等.南海北部白云凹陷21 Ma深水重力流沉积体系[J].石油学报,2012,33(5):798-806.
[11]李冬,徐强,王永凤,等.南海珠江21 Ma深水扇特征及控制因素[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,36(4):7-12.
[12]李云,郑荣才,朱国金,等.珠江口盆地荔湾3-1气田珠江组深水扇沉积相分析[J].沉积学报,2011,29(4):665-676.
[13]李胜利,于兴河,玉梅,等.水道加朵体型深水扇形成机制与模式:以白云凹陷荔湾3-1地区珠江组为例[J].地学前缘,2012,19(2):32-40.
[14]彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等.南海珠江深水扇系统的形成特征与控制因素[J].沉积学报,2006,24(1):10-18.
[15]施和生,秦成岗,张忠涛,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷北坡—番禺低隆起油气复合输导体系探讨[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(6):361-366.
[2]代一丁,庞雄.珠江口盆地珠二凹陷石油地质特征[J].中国海上油气(地质),1999,13(3):169-180.
[3]钟志洪,施和生,朱明,等.珠江口盆地构造-地层格架及成因机制探[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(5):20-28.
[4]柳保军,庞雄,颜承志,等.珠江口盆地白云深水区沉积充填演化及控制因素分析[J].中国海上油气,2011,23(1):19-25.
[5]柳保军,庞雄,颜承志,等.珠江口盆地白云深水区渐新世—中新世陆架坡折带演化及油气勘探意义[J].石油学报,2011,32(2):234-242.
[6]庞雄,柳保军,颜承志,等.关于南海北部深水重力流沉积问题的讨论[J].海洋学报,2012,34(3):114-119.
[7]陈亮,庞雄,刘军.等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷深水重力流优质砂岩储集层特征及识别方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(4):463-471.
[8]郑荣才,郑哲,高博禹,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷珠江组海底扇深水重力流沉积特征[J].岩性油气藏,2013,25(2):1-8.
[9]庞雄,陈长民,施和生,等.相对海平面变化与南海珠江深水扇系统的响应[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):167-177.
[10]李磊,王英民,徐强,等.南海北部白云凹陷21 Ma深水重力流沉积体系[J].石油学报,2012,33(5):798-806.
[11]李冬,徐强,王永凤,等.南海珠江21 Ma深水扇特征及控制因素[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,36(4):7-12.
[12]李云,郑荣才,朱国金,等.珠江口盆地荔湾3-1气田珠江组深水扇沉积相分析[J].沉积学报,2011,29(4):665-676.
[13]李胜利,于兴河,玉梅,等.水道加朵体型深水扇形成机制与模式:以白云凹陷荔湾3-1地区珠江组为例[J].地学前缘,2012,19(2):32-40.
[14]彭大钧,庞雄,陈长民,等.南海珠江深水扇系统的形成特征与控制因素[J].沉积学报,2006,24(1):10-18.
[15]施和生,秦成岗,张忠涛,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷北坡—番禺低隆起油气复合输导体系探讨[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(6):361-366.
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