基于全要素生产率的重点产业核心竞争力分析——北京市2008—2017年数据的实证研究
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摘要
以2008—2017年《北京市统计年鉴》《北京市国民经济和社会发展统计公报》《北京市第三次全国经济普查年鉴》的数据为样本,基于数据包络分析(DEA)模型的Malmquist生产力指数法,对北京市2008—2017年的全要素生产率进行测算,研究和分析其重点产业结构及竞争力。研究结果表明:在技术进步视角下,第三产业最具竞争力,第一产业具有较弱的产业竞争力;在纯技术效率视角下,第一产业由于生产规模快速扩大,导致管理混乱、企业效率降低;在规模效率视角下,继续扩大生产规模对第三产业和高新技术等行业的企业经济效益提高有促进作用,在发展第三产业时可加大基础设施建设,扩大生产和营业规模。
This paper takes the data of Beijing Statistical Yearbook, Beijing Economic and Social Development Statistics Bulletin and The Third National Economic Census Yearbook of Beijing for the period 2008-2017 as samples, based on the data envelopment analysis(DEA) model, the Malmquist productivity index method is used to measure the total factor productivity of Beijing from 2008 to 2017, and to study and analyze its key industrial structure and competitiveness. The results show that, in the perspective of technological progress, the tertiary industry is the most competitive and the primary industry has the weaker competitiveness; from the perspective of pure technical efficiency, the first industry has a rapid expansion of production scale, which leads to confusion of management and reduction of enterprise efficiency; from the perspective of scale efficiency, expanding the scale of production can promote the economic benefits of enterprises in the tertiary industry and high-tech industries, in the development of the tertiary industry, construction of infrastructure and the scale of production and business can be expanded.
This paper takes the data of Beijing Statistical Yearbook, Beijing Economic and Social Development Statistics Bulletin and The Third National Economic Census Yearbook of Beijing for the period 2008-2017 as samples, based on the data envelopment analysis(DEA) model, the Malmquist productivity index method is used to measure the total factor productivity of Beijing from 2008 to 2017, and to study and analyze its key industrial structure and competitiveness. The results show that, in the perspective of technological progress, the tertiary industry is the most competitive and the primary industry has the weaker competitiveness; from the perspective of pure technical efficiency, the first industry has a rapid expansion of production scale, which leads to confusion of management and reduction of enterprise efficiency; from the perspective of scale efficiency, expanding the scale of production can promote the economic benefits of enterprises in the tertiary industry and high-tech industries, in the development of the tertiary industry, construction of infrastructure and the scale of production and business can be expanded.
引文
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[26]KUMBHAKAR S C.Production frontiers,panel data,and timevarying technical inefficiency[J].Journal of Econometrics,1990,46(1/2):201-211.
[27]KENDRIC D.Stochastic control for encnomic models[M].New York:McGraw-Hill Book Company,1981.
[2]金碚.中国工业的转型升级[J].中国工业经济,2011(7):5-14,25.
[3]金碚.国际金融危机后中国产业竞争力的演变趋势[J].科学发展,2009(12):30-34.
[4]陈志,董敏杰,金碚.产业竞争力研究进展评述[J].经济管理,2009,31(9):30-37.
[5]蔡昉,王德文,王美艳.工业竞争力与比较优势:WTO框架下提高我国工业竞争力的方向[J].管理世界,2003(2):58-63,70.
[6]GUSTAVSSON P,HANSSON P,LUNDBERG L.Technology,resource endowments and international competitiveness[J].European Economic Review,1999,43(8):1501-1530.
[7]KAMBHAMPATI U S.Industry competitiveness:leadership identity and market shares[J].Applied Economics Letters,2000,7(9):569-573.
[8]SUN L,FULGINITI L E,CHEN Y C.Taiwanese industry competitiveness when outward FDI is defensive[J].Journal of Asian Economics,2010,21(4):365-377.
[9]黄秀娟,黄福才.中国省级区域国际旅游竞争力决定因素分析[J].技术经济,2009,28(5):104-109.
[10]董皓,李纪华.基于因子分析法的陕西省旅游产业影响因素分析:以旅游业发展研究专家的336份问卷调查为例[J].统计与信息论坛,2013,28(12):88-94.
[11]孙能利.省域农业竞争力比较研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2012.
[12]刘淑梅.中国农业竞争力评价与提升对策研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2013.
[13]程乾,方琳.生态位视角下长三角文化旅游创意产业竞争力评价模型构建及实证[J].经济地理,2015(7):183-189.
[14]潘峥嵘.中国纺织品产业出口竞争力研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,2015.
[15]李宗岭,段小红,王彩红.甘肃省中药材产业竞争力研究分析[J].南方农业,2017,11(25):69-73.
[16]董德民.中国31省(市)(区、市)纺织创意产业竞争力评价实证分析[J].绍兴文理学院学报,2017,37(1):52-58.
[17]王恕立,滕泽伟.FDI流入、要素再配置效应与中国服务业生产率:基于分行业的经验研究[J].国际贸易问题,2015(4):167-176.
[18]王恕立,胡宗彪.中国服务业分行业生产率变迁及异质性考察[J].经济研究,2012,47(4):15-27.
[19]王恕立,刘军.中国服务企业生产率异质性与资源再配置效应:与制造业企业相同吗?[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2014,31(5):37-53.
[20]PARTEKA A,WOLSZCZAK-DERLACZ J.Dynamics of productivity in higher education:cross-European evidence based on bootstrapped Malmquist indices[J].Journal of Productivity Analysis,2013,40(1):67-82.
[21]KITTELSEN S A C,WINSNES B A,ANTHUN K S,et al.Decomposing the productivity differences between hospitals in the Nordic countries[J].Journal of Productivity Analysis,2015,43(3):281-293.
[22]HARRIS R,MOFFAT J.Plant-level determinants of total factor productivity in Great Britain,1997-2008[J].Journal of Productivity Analysis,2011,44(1):1-20.
[23]KRUGMAN P.Geography and trade[M].Cambridge:The MITPress,1991.
[24]AIGNER D,LOVELL C A K,SCHMIDT P.Formulation and estimation of stochastic frontier production function models[J].Journal of Econometrics,1977,6(1):21-37.
[25]NISHIMIZU M,JR PAGE J M.Total factor productivity growth,technological progress and technical efficiency change:dimensions of productivity change in Yugoslavia,1965-1978[J].Economic Journal,1982,92(368):920-936.
[26]KUMBHAKAR S C.Production frontiers,panel data,and timevarying technical inefficiency[J].Journal of Econometrics,1990,46(1/2):201-211.
[27]KENDRIC D.Stochastic control for encnomic models[M].New York:McGraw-Hill Book Company,1981.
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