饲粮中添加沙葱粉或复合益生菌制剂对杜寒杂交羊瘤胃发酵参数和瘤胃液菌群多样性的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加沙葱粉或复合益生菌制剂对杜寒杂交羊瘤胃发酵参数和瘤胃液菌群多样性的影响。选取体重相近的杜寒杂交羊30只,随机分为3组,每组10只,各组饲喂饲粮如下:对照组,基础饲粮;沙葱组,基础饲粮+沙葱粉(沙葱粉添加量为饲粮干物质的0.46%);复合益生菌组,基础饲粮+复合益生菌制剂(复合益生菌制剂添加量为饲粮干物质的4.35%)。饲喂90 d后,随机从每组羊群中选取体重相近的试验羊4只,屠宰后采集瘤胃液,检测瘤胃发酵参数,并运用高通量测序方法检测瘤胃菌群多样性。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,复合益生菌组瘤胃液乙酸浓度显著提高(P<0.05),沙葱组瘤胃液乙丙比下降(P>0.05),复合益生菌组瘤胃液乙丙比则升高(P>0.05)。2)复合益生菌组瘤胃液香农指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而沙葱组瘤胃液香农指数虽高于对照组,但差异不显著(P> 0.05)。3)在前10种菌门中,沙葱组各菌门相对丰度与对照组存在差异,但差异均不显著(P>0.05);复合益生菌组拟杆菌门、疣微菌门和互养菌门的相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而变形菌门的相对丰度显著低于对照组(P<0.05);在科水平上,沙葱组和复合益生菌组氨基酸球菌科的相对丰度均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。由此得出,饲粮中添加沙葱粉或复合益生菌制剂均可以改变瘤胃发酵类型,并可不同程度地丰富瘤胃液菌群多样性。
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary Allium mongolicum Regel(AMR) powder or probiotic complex(PC) preparation on ruminal fermentation parameters and rumen fluid bacterial diversity of Dorper × thin-tailed Han crossbred sheep.Thirty Dorper × thin-tailed Han crossbred sheep with similar body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups and each group had 10 sheep.The diets of the three groups were as follows:control group,basal diet only;AMR group,basal diet+ 0.46% AMR powder;PC group,basal diet+4.35% PC preparation.The adding amounts of AMR powder and PC preparation were according to the dry matter of the basal diet.After feeding 90 days,four sheep with similar body weight were randomly selected,the rumen fluid of every sheep was sampled after slaughter to detect ruminal fermentation parameters,and the rumen fluid bacterial diversity was determined high-throughput sequencing method.The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group,the concentration of acetic acid of rumen fluid in PC group was significantly increased(P< 0.05),the acetate/propionate of rumen fluid in AMR group was lowed and that in PC group was increased,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05).2) The Shannon index of rumen fluid in PC group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05),and that in AMR group was higher than that in control group,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).3) Within top 10 bacteria at phylum level,there were differences between control and AMR group in the relative abundance of each bacterial phylum,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05);The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Verrucomicrobia and Synergistetes in PC group were significantly higher than those in control group(P <0.05),however,the relative abundance of Proteobucteria was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).At family level,the relative abundance of Acidaminococcaceae in AMR group and PC group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).The results indicate that AMR powder and PC preparation supplementations can change the type of rumen fermentation,and make the rumen fluid bacterial diversity more abundant at different extents,respectively.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary Allium mongolicum Regel(AMR) powder or probiotic complex(PC) preparation on ruminal fermentation parameters and rumen fluid bacterial diversity of Dorper × thin-tailed Han crossbred sheep.Thirty Dorper × thin-tailed Han crossbred sheep with similar body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups and each group had 10 sheep.The diets of the three groups were as follows:control group,basal diet only;AMR group,basal diet+ 0.46% AMR powder;PC group,basal diet+4.35% PC preparation.The adding amounts of AMR powder and PC preparation were according to the dry matter of the basal diet.After feeding 90 days,four sheep with similar body weight were randomly selected,the rumen fluid of every sheep was sampled after slaughter to detect ruminal fermentation parameters,and the rumen fluid bacterial diversity was determined high-throughput sequencing method.The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group,the concentration of acetic acid of rumen fluid in PC group was significantly increased(P< 0.05),the acetate/propionate of rumen fluid in AMR group was lowed and that in PC group was increased,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05).2) The Shannon index of rumen fluid in PC group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05),and that in AMR group was higher than that in control group,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).3) Within top 10 bacteria at phylum level,there were differences between control and AMR group in the relative abundance of each bacterial phylum,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05);The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Verrucomicrobia and Synergistetes in PC group were significantly higher than those in control group(P <0.05),however,the relative abundance of Proteobucteria was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).At family level,the relative abundance of Acidaminococcaceae in AMR group and PC group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).The results indicate that AMR powder and PC preparation supplementations can change the type of rumen fermentation,and make the rumen fluid bacterial diversity more abundant at different extents,respectively.
引文
[1]王志,肖定汉.奶牛饲养管理与营养代谢性疾病[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1989:2.
[2]MIZRAHI I.Rumen symbioses[M].Berlin:Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2013:533-544.
[3]WANG H F,YANG W R,YANG Y X,et al.The study on the effects of Chinese herbal mixtures on grow th,activity of post-ruminal digestive enzymes and serum antioxidant status of beef cattle[J].Agricultural Sciences in China,2011,10(3):448-455.
[4]BODAS R,PRIETO N,GARCA-GONZLES R,et al.Manipulation of rumen fermentation and methane production with plant secondary metabolites[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2012,176(1/2/3/4):78-93.
[5]潘龙,卜登攀,王加启,等.柴胡中草药对奶牛瘤胃菌群多样性及纤维分解菌的影响[J].草业学报,2015,24(3):221-225.
[6]董晓丽.益生菌的筛选鉴定及其对断奶仔猪、犊牛生长和消化道微生物的影响[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2013:49-69.
[7]占今舜,邬彩霞,刘明美,等.饲粮添加苜蓿黄酮对奶牛瘤胃菌群的影响[J].草业学报,2017,26(7):82-89.
[8]宋丽霞.沙葱多糖对肉羊免疫和抗氧化机能影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2011.
[9]KUMAR P P N V,PAMMI S V N,KOLLU P,et al.Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Boerhaavia diffusa,plant extract and their anti bacterial activity[J].Industrial Crops&Products,2014,52(1):562-566.
[10]赵春艳.沙葱中黄酮类化合物的分离纯化、结构鉴定及其对小鼠免疫抗氧化机能影响的研究[D].博士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2008.
[11]MUQIER,QI S,WANG T,et al.Effects of flavonoids from Allium mongolicum Regel on grow th performance and grow th-related hormones in meat sheep[J].Animal Nutrition,2017,3(1):33-38.
[12]刘建涛,王彬,张维民,等.葱属植物生物活性物质的研究进展[J].食品科学,2007,28(4):348-350.
[13]包雨洪.沙葱多糖对绵羊瘤胃发酵、纤维素降解及血液生化指标的影响[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2009.
[14]张霞.沙葱提取物对绵羊瘤胃发酵和微生物区系的影响[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2007.
[15]邵明旭.小尾寒羊肠道正常菌群高通量测序分析及羊源微生态制剂的研制[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2016.
[16]杨德莲,童津津,张婕,等.葡萄籽原花青素对奶牛瘤胃体外发酵参数及微生物区系的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(2):717-725.
[17]卢媛.沙葱、地椒风味活性成分及其对绵羊瘤胃发酵和羊肉风味的影响[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2002.
[18]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].3版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007:48-80.
[19]冯宗慈,高民.通过比色测定瘤胃液氨氮含量方法的改进[J].内蒙古畜牧科学,1993(4):40-41.
[20]王洪荣,张洁.不同碳水化合物结构日粮对山羊瘤胃发酵和微生物氨基酸组成的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(5):1071-1076.
[21]张昌吉,刘哲,郝正里,等.含不同秸秆的全饲粮颗粒料对绵羊瘤胃代谢参数的影响[J].草业科学,2008,25(1):82-86.
[22]韩正康,陈杰.反刍动物瘤胃的消化和代谢[M].北京:科学出版社,1988:16.
[23]MURPHY J J,KENNELLY J J.Effect of protein concentration and protein source on the degradability of dry matter and protein in situ[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1987,70(9):1841-1849.
[24]MOULD F L,RSKOV E R.Manipulation of rumen fluid pH and its influence on cellulolysis in sacco,dry matter degradation and the rumen microflora of sheep offered either hay or concentrate[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,1983,10(1):1-14.
[25]王加启.反刍动物营养学研究方法[M].北京:现代教育出版社,2011.
[26]BANNINK A,FRANCE J,LOPEZ S,et al.Modelling the implications of feeding strategy on rumen fermentation and functioning of the rumen wall[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2008,143(1):3-26.
[27]冯仰廉.反刍动物营养学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[28]赵国芬.沙葱和油料籽实对绵羊瘤胃发酵、营养物质消化流通及胴体品质影响的研究[D].博士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2005:63-129.
[29]IQBAL MF,CHENG Y F,ZHU W Y,et al.Mitigation of ruminant methane production:current strategies,constraints and future options[J].World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,2008,24(12):2747-2755.
[30]张梅梅.日粮中添加单宁对绵羊和绒山羊瘤胃细菌数量和多样性影响[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2015:51-55.
[31]吕佳颖.粗饲料来源对育肥羔羊生产性能和瘤胃微生物区系的影响[D].硕士学位论文.兰州:兰州大学,2017:10-34.
[32]MAO S,ZHANG R,WANG D,et al.The diversity of the fecal bacterial community and its relationship with the concentration of volatile fatty acids in the feces during subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cow s[J].BMC Veterinary Research,2012,8:237.
[33]KIMM,MORRISON M,YU Z.Status of the phylogenetic diversity census of ruminal microbiomes[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2011,76(1):49-63.
[34]QIN J J,LI R Q,RAES J,et al.A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing[J].Nature,2010,464(7285):59-65.
[35]LEY R E,LOZUPONE C A,HAMADY M,et al.Worlds within worlds:evolution of the vertebrate gut microbiota[J].Nature Review s Microbiology,2008,6(10):776-788.
[36]CUSHNIE T P T,LAMB A J.Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids[J].International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents,2005,26(5):343-356.
[37]MATSUI H,OGATA K,TAJIMA K,et al.Phenotypic characterization of polysaccharidases produced by four Prevotella type strains[J].Current Microbiology,2000,41(1):45-49.
[38]周斐然.甜高粱青贮有氧稳定性、瘤胃降解率及其对瘤胃菌群影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.阿拉尔:塔里木大学,2017.
[2]MIZRAHI I.Rumen symbioses[M].Berlin:Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2013:533-544.
[3]WANG H F,YANG W R,YANG Y X,et al.The study on the effects of Chinese herbal mixtures on grow th,activity of post-ruminal digestive enzymes and serum antioxidant status of beef cattle[J].Agricultural Sciences in China,2011,10(3):448-455.
[4]BODAS R,PRIETO N,GARCA-GONZLES R,et al.Manipulation of rumen fermentation and methane production with plant secondary metabolites[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2012,176(1/2/3/4):78-93.
[5]潘龙,卜登攀,王加启,等.柴胡中草药对奶牛瘤胃菌群多样性及纤维分解菌的影响[J].草业学报,2015,24(3):221-225.
[6]董晓丽.益生菌的筛选鉴定及其对断奶仔猪、犊牛生长和消化道微生物的影响[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2013:49-69.
[7]占今舜,邬彩霞,刘明美,等.饲粮添加苜蓿黄酮对奶牛瘤胃菌群的影响[J].草业学报,2017,26(7):82-89.
[8]宋丽霞.沙葱多糖对肉羊免疫和抗氧化机能影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2011.
[9]KUMAR P P N V,PAMMI S V N,KOLLU P,et al.Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Boerhaavia diffusa,plant extract and their anti bacterial activity[J].Industrial Crops&Products,2014,52(1):562-566.
[10]赵春艳.沙葱中黄酮类化合物的分离纯化、结构鉴定及其对小鼠免疫抗氧化机能影响的研究[D].博士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2008.
[11]MUQIER,QI S,WANG T,et al.Effects of flavonoids from Allium mongolicum Regel on grow th performance and grow th-related hormones in meat sheep[J].Animal Nutrition,2017,3(1):33-38.
[12]刘建涛,王彬,张维民,等.葱属植物生物活性物质的研究进展[J].食品科学,2007,28(4):348-350.
[13]包雨洪.沙葱多糖对绵羊瘤胃发酵、纤维素降解及血液生化指标的影响[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2009.
[14]张霞.沙葱提取物对绵羊瘤胃发酵和微生物区系的影响[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2007.
[15]邵明旭.小尾寒羊肠道正常菌群高通量测序分析及羊源微生态制剂的研制[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2016.
[16]杨德莲,童津津,张婕,等.葡萄籽原花青素对奶牛瘤胃体外发酵参数及微生物区系的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(2):717-725.
[17]卢媛.沙葱、地椒风味活性成分及其对绵羊瘤胃发酵和羊肉风味的影响[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2002.
[18]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].3版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007:48-80.
[19]冯宗慈,高民.通过比色测定瘤胃液氨氮含量方法的改进[J].内蒙古畜牧科学,1993(4):40-41.
[20]王洪荣,张洁.不同碳水化合物结构日粮对山羊瘤胃发酵和微生物氨基酸组成的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(5):1071-1076.
[21]张昌吉,刘哲,郝正里,等.含不同秸秆的全饲粮颗粒料对绵羊瘤胃代谢参数的影响[J].草业科学,2008,25(1):82-86.
[22]韩正康,陈杰.反刍动物瘤胃的消化和代谢[M].北京:科学出版社,1988:16.
[23]MURPHY J J,KENNELLY J J.Effect of protein concentration and protein source on the degradability of dry matter and protein in situ[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1987,70(9):1841-1849.
[24]MOULD F L,RSKOV E R.Manipulation of rumen fluid pH and its influence on cellulolysis in sacco,dry matter degradation and the rumen microflora of sheep offered either hay or concentrate[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,1983,10(1):1-14.
[25]王加启.反刍动物营养学研究方法[M].北京:现代教育出版社,2011.
[26]BANNINK A,FRANCE J,LOPEZ S,et al.Modelling the implications of feeding strategy on rumen fermentation and functioning of the rumen wall[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2008,143(1):3-26.
[27]冯仰廉.反刍动物营养学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[28]赵国芬.沙葱和油料籽实对绵羊瘤胃发酵、营养物质消化流通及胴体品质影响的研究[D].博士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2005:63-129.
[29]IQBAL MF,CHENG Y F,ZHU W Y,et al.Mitigation of ruminant methane production:current strategies,constraints and future options[J].World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,2008,24(12):2747-2755.
[30]张梅梅.日粮中添加单宁对绵羊和绒山羊瘤胃细菌数量和多样性影响[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2015:51-55.
[31]吕佳颖.粗饲料来源对育肥羔羊生产性能和瘤胃微生物区系的影响[D].硕士学位论文.兰州:兰州大学,2017:10-34.
[32]MAO S,ZHANG R,WANG D,et al.The diversity of the fecal bacterial community and its relationship with the concentration of volatile fatty acids in the feces during subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cow s[J].BMC Veterinary Research,2012,8:237.
[33]KIMM,MORRISON M,YU Z.Status of the phylogenetic diversity census of ruminal microbiomes[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2011,76(1):49-63.
[34]QIN J J,LI R Q,RAES J,et al.A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing[J].Nature,2010,464(7285):59-65.
[35]LEY R E,LOZUPONE C A,HAMADY M,et al.Worlds within worlds:evolution of the vertebrate gut microbiota[J].Nature Review s Microbiology,2008,6(10):776-788.
[36]CUSHNIE T P T,LAMB A J.Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids[J].International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents,2005,26(5):343-356.
[37]MATSUI H,OGATA K,TAJIMA K,et al.Phenotypic characterization of polysaccharidases produced by four Prevotella type strains[J].Current Microbiology,2000,41(1):45-49.
[38]周斐然.甜高粱青贮有氧稳定性、瘤胃降解率及其对瘤胃菌群影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.阿拉尔:塔里木大学,2017.
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