中国与“一带一路”沿线国家经济合作成效及展望——基于共享经济与分享经济视角
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摘要
"一带一路"建设不断加快,以互补性关系为基础的共享经济模式和以竞争性为基础的分享经济模式逐渐开始发挥作用,沿线国家在经济合作中的优劣势不断清晰。梳理分析"一带一路"倡议提出5年来的经济发展数据发现,中国对沿线国家的投资势头向好,经济结构的互补性日益显著,共享优势禀赋成为大趋势,"一带一路"沿线许多国家成为中国重要的贸易伙伴,但区域性显著。在境外,亚洲、大洋洲地区是主要的经济合作伙伴;在境内,东部地区参与"一带一路"建设的程度最高;与中国开展经济合作的沿线国家数量与"一带一路"成员数量并未成比例增加。这是区域发展差距、设施联通度及金融环境等因素制约的结果。中国与沿线国家存在持续扩大经济合作的空间,从国际区域看,东亚、中亚、西亚、南亚等地区短期内存在与中国扩大合作规模的趋势,且合作内容全面向经济性领域转变,分享经济的作用领域不断增多;从中国境内看,东部、中部、西部和东北地区"四大板块"与沿线国家的经济合作增速均不断提升。为减轻制约因素的作用力度,深化中国与沿线国家的经济合作,应当从倡议宣传、设施建设、金融服务,以及提高境内区域参与度、构建跨境产业链等五个方面着力,加大保障力度。
With the accelerated construction of the Belt and Road Initiative,the pattern of shared and sharing economy,which respectively takes complementary relation and competitiveness as the basis,begin to play their roles;and the advantages and disadvantages of countries along the routes of B&R in economic cooperation are becoming obvious. Analysis on the economic data during the 5 years since the introduction of the B&R shows that:China's investment trend in countries along the routes is rising;the complements in economic structure is becoming obvious;the shared advantage endowment has become the trend;and many countries along the routes have become China's important trade partners,which have prominent regionality. Internationally speaking,Asia and Oceania are the main economic cooperation partners;while within the territory,the eastern region has the highest degree of participation in the B&R construction. But the number of countries along the routes that economically cooperate with China and that of B&R member countries has failed to be increased,which is the result of the constraint factors such as regional development gaps,facility connectivity and financial environment. China and countries along the routes have the possibility of expanding the space of economic cooperation. From the view of the international region,East Asia,Central Asia,West Asia,South Asia and other regions have a tendency to expand cooperation with China. From the angle of cooperation content,the cooperation between China and countries along the routes has been fully transformed to the economic field. In China,the economy cooperation growth of the four major sectors and countries along routes is increasing. In order to alleviate the effect of constraints and focus on ensuring the deepening of economic cooperation between China and countries along the routes,we should spend more efforts in the following five aspects:initiative and publicity,infrastructure construction,financial services,increasing regional participation within China,and establishing the cross-border industrial chain.
With the accelerated construction of the Belt and Road Initiative,the pattern of shared and sharing economy,which respectively takes complementary relation and competitiveness as the basis,begin to play their roles;and the advantages and disadvantages of countries along the routes of B&R in economic cooperation are becoming obvious. Analysis on the economic data during the 5 years since the introduction of the B&R shows that:China's investment trend in countries along the routes is rising;the complements in economic structure is becoming obvious;the shared advantage endowment has become the trend;and many countries along the routes have become China's important trade partners,which have prominent regionality. Internationally speaking,Asia and Oceania are the main economic cooperation partners;while within the territory,the eastern region has the highest degree of participation in the B&R construction. But the number of countries along the routes that economically cooperate with China and that of B&R member countries has failed to be increased,which is the result of the constraint factors such as regional development gaps,facility connectivity and financial environment. China and countries along the routes have the possibility of expanding the space of economic cooperation. From the view of the international region,East Asia,Central Asia,West Asia,South Asia and other regions have a tendency to expand cooperation with China. From the angle of cooperation content,the cooperation between China and countries along the routes has been fully transformed to the economic field. In China,the economy cooperation growth of the four major sectors and countries along routes is increasing. In order to alleviate the effect of constraints and focus on ensuring the deepening of economic cooperation between China and countries along the routes,we should spend more efforts in the following five aspects:initiative and publicity,infrastructure construction,financial services,increasing regional participation within China,and establishing the cross-border industrial chain.
引文
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[2]王娟娟.“一带一路”重点区域产业合作领域探索[J].中州学刊,2018(3):24-31.
[3]申现杰,肖金成.国际区域经济合作新形势与我国“一带一路”合作战略[J].宏观经济研究,2014(11):30-38.
[4]杨晨曦.“一带一路”区域能源合作中的大国因素及应对策略[J].新视野,2014(4):124-128.
[5]陈继勇,陈大波.贸易开放度、经济自由度与经济增长——基于中国与“一带一路”沿线国家的分析[J].武汉大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2017(3):46-57.
[6]陈虹,杨成玉.“一带一路”国家战略的国际经济效应研究[J].国际贸易问题,2015(10):4-13.
[7]张可云,蔡之兵.“一带一路”战略的政策保障视角研究[J].华南师范大学学报(社会科学版),2015(5):78-84,91.
[8]张可云,邓仲良.一带一路区域合作框架的构建逻辑[J].开放导报,2017(2):17-22.
[9]张可云.新时代的中国区域经济新常态与区域协调发展[J].国家行政学院学报,2018(3):102-108,156.
[10]董成惠.共享经济:理论与现实[J].广东财经大学学报,2016(5):4-15.
[11]马强.共享经济在我国的发展现状、瓶颈及对策[J].现代经济探讨,2016(10):20-24.
[12]蔡朝林.共享经济的兴起与政府监管创新[J].南方经济,2017(3):99-105.
[13]马广奇,陈静.基于互联网的共享经济:理念、实践与出路[J].电子政务,2017(3):16-24.
[14]于博.区块链技术创造共享经济模式新变革[J].理论探讨,2017(2):103-107.
[15]郑志来.共享经济的成因、内涵与商业模式研究[J].现代经济探讨,2016(3):32-36
[16]郑盛联.共享经济:本质、机制、模式与风险[J].国际经济评论,2017(6):45-69.
[17]RACHEL B.What is mine is yours:the rise of collaborative consumption[M].New York:Harper Business,2010:59.
[18]杨崇涛.论共享发展语境下我国共享经济模式的建构[J].现代管理科学,2017(8):51-53.
[19]王娟娟.“一带一路”区域共享经济模式探索[J].河北学刊,2018(5):125-132.
[20]张可云,胡关子.“一带一路”倡议的国际评价研究——对倡议主要机遇与问题的认知及其对策[J].中共贵州省委党校学报,2018(2):114-122.
[21]中华人民共和国商务部.中国对外投资合作发展报告2016[R].北京:中华人民共和国商务部,2017.
[22]国家信息中心“一带一路”大数据中心.“一带一路”大数据报告(2018)[R/OL].(2018-09-20)[2018-09-20].http://economy.gmw.cn/2018-09/20/content_31276462.htm.
[23]国家信息中心“一带一路”大数据中心.“一带一路”国别合作度评价报告(2016)[EB/OL].(2017-02-03)[2018-09-05].http://www.sic.gov.cn/News/456/8077.htm.
[24]国家信息中心“一带一路大数据”中心.“一带一路”省市外贸竞争力评价报告[EB/OL].(2018-04-18)[2018-09-18].http://www.sic.gov.cn/News/576/9013.htm.
[25]张广琳.上半年各省外贸成绩单出炉“一带一路”建设各具特色[EB/OL].(2018-08-03)[2018-09-18].https://w ww.yidaiyilu.gov.cn/xwzx/gnxw/61869.htm.
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