食用向日葵主要农艺性状与产量的多元分析
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摘要
为选出适合新疆气候及种植模式的优质高产食葵新品种,以20个山西作物所提供的食葵品种为材料,采用相关分析、灰色关联度、回归分析和主成分分析法,探讨食葵农艺性状与产量之间的关系。研究结果表明:(1)食葵主要农艺性状变异范围为3.41%～17.9%,食葵平均花盘重的变异系数较大,茎粗、百粒重和花盘直径次之,叶片数等较小,生育期最小。(2)食葵产量与结实率呈极显著正相关,生育期与叶片数和茎粗呈显著正相关,株高与茎粗、平均花盘重和籽粒宽度呈显著正相关,百粒重和平均花盘重、籽粒长度及籽粒宽度呈显著正相关。(3)食葵品种各性状与产量间的关联度大小依次是叶片数>生育期>籽粒饱满度>花盘直径和株高>茎粗>出仁率>结实率>籽粒长度>百粒重>籽粒宽度。(4)影响食葵产量的关键农艺性状以结实率、出仁率为主。
To select new sunflower varieties of high-quality and high-yield which are adaptable to Xinjiang's climate and planting patterns, using 20 sunflower varieties provided by Shanxi Crops Institute as materials, the correlation analysis, grey correlation analysis, regression analysis, and principal component analysis were conducted to explore the relationship between agronomic traits and yield. The results showed that:(1) the variation range of the main agronomic traits of sunflower was 3.41%-17.9%, the variation coefficient of the average flower disk weight was the largest, then was that of the stem diameter, 100-grain weight and diskdiameter, followed by that of the leaf number, the variation coefficient of the growth period was the minimum;(2) there was a highly and significantly positive correlation between the yield and seed setting rate, the growthperiod was significantly and positively correlated with the number of leaves and stem diameter, the plant heighthad a significantly positive correlation with the stem diameter, the average disk weight and grain width, and the100-grain weight had a significantly positive correlation with the average disk weight, the grain length and thegrain width;(3) the correlation degrees between the traits and yield of the sunflower varieties were: leafnumber> growth stage> grain fullness> face diameter and plant height> stem diameter> kernel rate> seedsetting rate> grain length> 100 grain weight> grain width;(4) the key agronomic traits affecting the output of sunflower were mainly seed setting rate and kernel rate.
To select new sunflower varieties of high-quality and high-yield which are adaptable to Xinjiang's climate and planting patterns, using 20 sunflower varieties provided by Shanxi Crops Institute as materials, the correlation analysis, grey correlation analysis, regression analysis, and principal component analysis were conducted to explore the relationship between agronomic traits and yield. The results showed that:(1) the variation range of the main agronomic traits of sunflower was 3.41%-17.9%, the variation coefficient of the average flower disk weight was the largest, then was that of the stem diameter, 100-grain weight and diskdiameter, followed by that of the leaf number, the variation coefficient of the growth period was the minimum;(2) there was a highly and significantly positive correlation between the yield and seed setting rate, the growthperiod was significantly and positively correlated with the number of leaves and stem diameter, the plant heighthad a significantly positive correlation with the stem diameter, the average disk weight and grain width, and the100-grain weight had a significantly positive correlation with the average disk weight, the grain length and thegrain width;(3) the correlation degrees between the traits and yield of the sunflower varieties were: leafnumber> growth stage> grain fullness> face diameter and plant height> stem diameter> kernel rate> seedsetting rate> grain length> 100 grain weight> grain width;(4) the key agronomic traits affecting the output of sunflower were mainly seed setting rate and kernel rate.
引文
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[19]王建林,次仁央金,大次卓嘎.等.西藏与周边地区芥菜型油菜农艺性状比较研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2011,12(4):562-569.
[20]蒙祖庆,次仁央金,宋丰萍.等.西藏高原环境下印度芥菜型油菜农艺性状的典型相关分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(2):242-246.
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[22]白桂萍,刘克钊,谭永强.等.油菜高产群体各农艺性状对产量的影响[J].作物杂志,2015(6):33-38.
[23]陈林,赵双玲,朱江艳.等.膜下滴灌水稻的农艺性状相关性和主成分分析[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(22):11202-11204.
[24]宋健民,戴双,李豪圣.等.山东省近年来审定小麦品种农艺和品质性状演变分析[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(6):1114-1126.
[25]党磊,刘俊,汉瑞峰.龙眼葡萄果实性状及相关性分析[J].华北农学报,2015,30(增刊):204-210.
[26]汪灿,胡丹,杨浩.等.苦荞主要农艺性状与产量关系的多重分析[J].作物杂志,2013,6:18-22.
[2]刘胜利,陈寅初,李万云.等.新疆向日葵科研概况及发展建议[J].新疆农垦科技,2011(4):3-5.
[3]张雷,宋宝军,于学鹏.等.食用向日葵产量与主要性状相关及通径分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2010(9):46-49.
[4]毛彩云,肖荷霞,鲁珊.等.玉米主要农艺性状与产量的相关及通径分析[J].河北农业科学,2011,15(11):21-23.
[5]杨勇,周斌,杨超华.等.夏播绿豆不同品种产量与主要农艺性状的相关分析[J].作物杂志,2015(4):65-68.
[6]谢业春糯玉米杂交种主要农艺性状间的相关及通径分析[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(27):93-97.
[7]蒙祖庆,宋丰萍,大次卓嘎.等.西藏白菜型油菜农家品种产量与农艺性的灰色关联度分析[J].种子,2011(8):92-96.
[8]卢会翔,唐道彬,吴正丹.等.甘薯产量、品质及农艺性状的基因型与环境效应研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,23(9):1158-1168.
[9]吕建珍,马建萍,独俊娥.等.春播谷子品种(系)生态适应性鉴定及主成分分析[J].作物杂志,2015(6):44-47.
[10]李素萍,安玉麟,郭树春.等.食葵主要农艺性状的遗传变异及相关性和主成分分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2010(9):7-10.
[11]韩秉进,潘相文,金剑.等.大豆农艺及产量性状的主成分分析[J].大豆科学,2008,2:67-73.
[12]王佰众,李玉发,刘红欣.等.食用向日葵产量及主要性状相关与通径分析[J].现代农业科技2014(22):18-19.
[13]李玉发,梁军,窦忠玉.等.食用向日葵杂交种主要性状与产量间的灰关联分析[J].山东农业科学,2011,12:19-21.
[14]孔素萍,孙敬强,吴雄.等.大蒜主要农艺性状变异特征及其与产量相关构成分析[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(6):1240-1248.
[15]殷冬梅,张幸果,王允.等.花生主要品质性状的主成分分析与综合评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2011,12(4):507-512,518.
[16]钟金仙,罗英黄瓜品种主要农艺性状相关与主成分分析[J].中国农学通报2012,28(4):131-134.
[17]杨海峰,樊云茜,段学艳,等.食葵主要经济性质的配合力及杂种优势分析[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(9):106-111.
[18]李秀,徐坤,巩彪.等.生姜农艺性状与产量形成关系的多重分析[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(12):2431-2437.
[19]王建林,次仁央金,大次卓嘎.等.西藏与周边地区芥菜型油菜农艺性状比较研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2011,12(4):562-569.
[20]蒙祖庆,次仁央金,宋丰萍.等.西藏高原环境下印度芥菜型油菜农艺性状的典型相关分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(2):242-246.
[21]王敏,徐萍,刘新江.等.黄淮海地区夏玉米农艺性状与产量的通径分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(5):1229-1236.
[22]白桂萍,刘克钊,谭永强.等.油菜高产群体各农艺性状对产量的影响[J].作物杂志,2015(6):33-38.
[23]陈林,赵双玲,朱江艳.等.膜下滴灌水稻的农艺性状相关性和主成分分析[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(22):11202-11204.
[24]宋健民,戴双,李豪圣.等.山东省近年来审定小麦品种农艺和品质性状演变分析[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(6):1114-1126.
[25]党磊,刘俊,汉瑞峰.龙眼葡萄果实性状及相关性分析[J].华北农学报,2015,30(增刊):204-210.
[26]汪灿,胡丹,杨浩.等.苦荞主要农艺性状与产量关系的多重分析[J].作物杂志,2013,6:18-22.