衰老性肌萎缩症的膳食营养调控研究进展
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摘要
衰老性肌萎缩症是与年龄相关的肌肉质量下降和力量减弱症,因其在当今社会中的患病率日益提高而受到关注。衰老性肌萎缩症造成的不良后果包括使患者丧失独立性,增加健康成本,降低生活质量。随着人口的不断老龄化,包括衰老性肌萎缩症在内的骨骼肌疾病的罹患率逐渐提高。目前已经提出许多机制作为衰老性肌萎缩症发病的潜在因素,包括衰老性厌食症、蛋白质失衡和氧化应激。目前,对衰老性肌萎缩症的预防和治疗方法尚未达成共识。在这种情况下,营养和运动干预相结合似乎是目前可用于治疗衰老性肌萎缩症的最有效策略。本文将总结和讨论衰老性肌萎缩症的定义和发病机制、目前在营养方面治疗衰老性肌萎缩症的对策、相关营养食品对衰老性肌萎缩症的作用机制,并提出保持肌肉质量和功能的新型营养策略。最后,阐述合理化饮食方式结合运动干预的协同效应,以期为衰老性肌萎缩症的预防和治疗提供更佳选择。
Sarcopenia is the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. It has gained extensive attention due to its increasing prevalence all over the world. Adverse health consequences of sarcopenia are rising gradually, thereby resulting in the loss of independent living, increasing health costs, and reducing the quality of life. As the population ages, the incidence of skeletal muscle diseases including sarcopenia increased. Numerous mechanisms have been suggested as potential contributors to sarcopenia onset, including aging anorexia, protein imbalance, and oxidative stress. Likewise, no pharmacological remedies are yet available to prevent the onset of age-related muscle wasting. In this scenario, the combination of nutritional and physical interventions appears to be the most effective strategy available for the management of sarcopenia. In this article, the definition and pathogenesis of sarcopenia, current knowledge on the role of dietary nutrition as a countermeasure for sarcopenia, and the mechanisms of action of relevant dietary agents for sarcopenia are summarized and discussed; novel nutritional strategies for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia are proposed. Finally, the synergistic strategy between rational diet and exercise training is elaborated, in order to provide an optimal choice for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.
Sarcopenia is the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. It has gained extensive attention due to its increasing prevalence all over the world. Adverse health consequences of sarcopenia are rising gradually, thereby resulting in the loss of independent living, increasing health costs, and reducing the quality of life. As the population ages, the incidence of skeletal muscle diseases including sarcopenia increased. Numerous mechanisms have been suggested as potential contributors to sarcopenia onset, including aging anorexia, protein imbalance, and oxidative stress. Likewise, no pharmacological remedies are yet available to prevent the onset of age-related muscle wasting. In this scenario, the combination of nutritional and physical interventions appears to be the most effective strategy available for the management of sarcopenia. In this article, the definition and pathogenesis of sarcopenia, current knowledge on the role of dietary nutrition as a countermeasure for sarcopenia, and the mechanisms of action of relevant dietary agents for sarcopenia are summarized and discussed; novel nutritional strategies for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia are proposed. Finally, the synergistic strategy between rational diet and exercise training is elaborated, in order to provide an optimal choice for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.
引文
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