从堇青石型失效汽车尾气催化剂中富集铂族金属试验研究

详细信息    查看全文 | 推荐本文 |

英文篇名：Enrichment of Platinum Group Metals From Cordierite-type Automotive Exhaust Catalyst 作者：丁龙 ; 杨建广 ; 闫万鹏 ; 李树超 ; 南天翔 ; 李陵晨 英文作者：DING Long;YANG Jianguang;YAN Wanpeng;LI Shuchao;NAN Tianxiang;LI Lingchen;School of Metallurgy and Environmental,Central South University; 关键词：堇青石型失效汽车催化剂 ; 铂族金属 ; 加压 ; 碱浸 英文关键词：cordierite spent auto-catalysts;;platinum group metals;;high pressure;;alkali leaching 中文刊名：SFYJ 英文刊名：Hydrometallurgy of China 机构：中南大学冶金与环境学院; 出版日期：2018-08-24 17:26 出版单位：湿法冶金 年：2018 期：v.37;No.161 基金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51574294);; 甘肃省科技重大专项(1602FKDC007);; 中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目 语种：中文; 页：SFYJ201805008 页数：8 CN：05 ISSN：11-3012/TF 分类号：43-50

摘要

研究了采用氢氟酸预处理—煅烧—加压碱浸工艺从堇青石型失效汽车尾气催化剂中富集铂族金属,考察了反应时间、碱用量、液固体积质量比、温度等对铂族金属富集率的影响。有效破坏失效催化剂堇青石(2MgO·2Al_2O_3·5SiO_2)的结构,可以释放其包裹的铂族金属,实现Pt、Pd、Rh的富集。差异化分离堇青石型失效催化剂中的Si/Al,可避免碱溶反应时钠硅渣(Na_2O·Al_2O_3·1.7SiO_2·2H_2O)的形成。试验结果表明,堇青石型失效催化剂预处理后,用质量浓度300g/L的氢氧化钠溶液浸出,控制液固体积质量比为8∶1,210℃下保温2h,Pt、Pd、Rh富集率可分别达310%、242%、240%。
        Cordierite-type spent automobile exhaust catalyst was treated by pretreatment-calcinationpressurized alkali leaching process.The structure of cordierite(2MgO·2Al_2O_3·5 SiO_2) was effectively destroyed and the platinum group metals encapsulating in it was released to achieve enrichment of Pt,Pd,Rh,and which can be provided for subsequent nickel matte smelting and recovery of Pt,Pd,Rh as the high quality raw materials.By differential separation of Si/Al from cordierite-type spent exhaust catalyst,the formation of sodium silicon slag(Na_2O·Al_2O_3·1.7SiO_2·2H_2O)was avoided.The effects of reaction time,hydrofluoric acid amount and liquid(mL)-to-solid(g)ratio on enrichment of Pt,Pd,Rh were examined.The results show that under the condition of sodium hydroxide concentration of 300 g/L,temperature of 210 ℃,reaction time of 2 hand liquid-to-solid ratio of 8∶1,the Pt,Pd,Rh enrichment rate can reach about 310%,242% and 240%,respectively.

引文

[1]BERNARDIS F L,GRANT R A,SHERRINGTON D C.A review of methods of separation of the platinum-group metals through their chloro-complexes[J].Reactive&Functional Polymers,2005,65(3):205-217.
    [2]韩守礼,吴喜龙,王欢,等.从汽车尾气废催化剂中回收铂族金属研究进展[J].矿冶,2010,19(2):80-83.
    [3]DAVID J.Platinum 2010[M].United Kingdom:Johnson matthey,2010.
    [4]DONG H,ZHAO J,CHEN J,et al.Recovery of platinum group metals from spent catalysts:a review[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2015,145:108-113.
    [5]余建民,毕向光,李权.汽车失效催化剂之铂族金属分离方法[J].稀有金属,2013,37(3):485-493.
    [6]SCHFER J,PUCHELT H.Platinum-Group-Metals(PGM)emitted from automobile catalytic converters and their distribution in roadside soils[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1998,64(1/3):307-314.
    [7]易鉴荣,林荔琍,唐臻,等.一种汽车尾气净化催化剂活化涂层的制备方法:CN104741106A[P].2015-07-01.
    [8]IANO爦EV S,LAZU L,PCURARIU C,et al.Cordierite(2MgO·2Al2O3·5SiO2)synthesis by unconventional methods[J].Processing&Application of Ceramics,2008,2(1):39-44.