Identification, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of the Major Human Metabolite of NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibitor MCC950

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• 作者：Manohar Salla ; Mark S. Butler ; Ruby Pelingon ; Geraldine Kaeslin ; Daniel E. Croker ; Janet C. Reid ; Jong Min Baek ; Paul V. Bernhardt ; Elizabeth M. J. Gillam ; Matthew A. Cooper ; Avril A. B. Robertson
• 刊名：ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：December 8, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：7
• 期：12
• 页码：1034-1038
• 全文大小：337K
• ISSN：1948-5875

文摘

MCC950 is an orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome that exhibits remarkable activity in multiple models of inflammatory disease. Incubation of MCC950 with human liver microsomes, and subsequent analysis by HPLC–MS/MS, revealed a major metabolite, where hydroxylation of MCC950 had occurred on the 1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-s-indacene moiety. Three possible regioisomers were synthesized, and coelution using HPLC–MS/MS confirmed the structure of the metabolite. Further synthesis of individual enantiomers and coelution studies using a chiral column in HPLC–MS/MS showed the metabolite was R-(+)- N-((1-hydroxy-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-s-indacen-4-yl)carbamoyl)-4-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)furan-2-sulfonamide (2a). Incubation of MCC950 with a panel of cytochrome P450 enzymes showed P450s 2A6, 2C9, 2C18, 2C19, 2J2, and 3A4 catalyze the formation of the major metabolite 2a, with a lower level of activity shown by P450s 1A2 and 2B6. All of the synthesized compounds were tested for inhibition of NLRP3-induced production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β from human monocyte derived macrophages. The identified metabolite 2a was 170-fold less potent than MCC950, while one regioisomer had nanomolar inhibitory activity. These findings also give first insight into the SAR of the hexahydroindacene moiety.