Electron Doping of Ultrathin Black Phosphorus with Cu Adatoms

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• 作者：Steven P. Koenig ; Rostislav A. Doganov ; Leandro Seixas ; Alexandra Carvalho ; Jun You Tan ; Kenji Watanabe ; Takashi Taniguchi ; Nikolai Yakovlev ; Antonio H. Castro Neto ; Barbaros Özyilmaz
• 刊名：Nano Letters
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 13, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：16
• 期：4
• 页码：2145-2151
• 全文大小：467K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1530-6992

文摘

Few-layer black phosphorus is a monatomic two-dimensional crystal with a direct band gap that has high carrier mobility for both holes and electrons. Similarly to other layered atomic crystals, like graphene or layered transition metal dichalcogenides, the transport behavior of few-layer black phosphorus is sensitive to surface impurities, adsorbates, and adatoms. Here we study the effect of Cu adatoms onto few-layer black phosphorus by characterizing few-layer black phosphorus field effect devices and by performing first-principles calculations. We find that the addition of Cu adatoms can be used to controllably n-dope few layer black phosphorus, thereby lowering the threshold voltage for n-type conduction without degrading the transport properties. We demonstrate a scalable 2D material-based complementary inverter which utilizes a boron nitride gate dielectric, a graphite gate, and a single bP crystal for both the p- and n-channels. The inverter operates at matched input and output voltages, exhibits a gain of 46, and does not require different contact metals or local electrostatic gating.