Biobased Surfactant-Like Molecules from Organic Wastes: The Effect of Waste Composition and Composting Process on Surfactant Properties and on the Ability to Solubilize Tetrachloroethene (PCE)

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• 作者：Giorgia Quadri ; Xiaosong Chen ; James W. Jawitz ; Fulvia Tambone ; Pierluigi Genevini ; Franco Faoro ; Fabrizio Adani
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2008
• 出版时间：April 1, 2008
• 年：2008
• 卷：42
• 期：7
• 页码：2618 - 2623
• 全文大小：3822K
• 年卷期：v.42,no.7(April 1, 2008)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

In this work, four surfactant-like humic acids (HAs) obtained from garden lignocellulose wastes and kitchen food wastes mixed with garden-lignocellulose wastes, both before and after composting, were tested for surfactant properties and the ability to solubilize tetrachloroethene (PCE). The waste-derived HAs showed good surfactant properties, lowering the water surface tension from 74 mN m⁻¹ to 45.4 ± 4.4 mN m⁻¹, with a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 1.54 ± 1.68 g L⁻¹, which is lower than many synthetic ionic surfactants. CMC was affected by both waste origin and composting processes. The addition of food waste and composting reduced CMC by adding alkyl-C (measured by CP MAS ¹³C NMR) and N- and S-HA contents (amide molecules), so that a multistep regression was found [CMC = 24.6 − 0.189 alkyl C − 2.64 (N + S); R² = 0.77, P < 0.10, n = 6]. The four HAs solubilized PCE at the rate of 0.18–0.47 g PCE/g aqueous biosurfactant. These results were much higher than those reported in the literature for a commercial HA (0.026 g/g), but they were in line with those measured in this work for nonionic surfactants such as Tween-80 (0.69 g/g) and Triton X-100 (1.08 g/g).