Studies indicate that the grain size distribution, mineralogy and porosity-permeability structure of fault gouge are controlled by structural deformation and fluid effect within the shear zone. Meanwhile, for its characteristics in composition and texture, fault gouge might change the shear strength and fluid pressure within shear zone by enhancing rock anisotropy and storing or releasing fluids. This paper aims to investigate the coupling effect of shear zone structural deformation, fluid transportation-reaction and fault gouge formation and evolution, and then reveal the contribution of this coupling effect to the rheology of shear zone and the formation and distribution of gold mineralization.