The authors have analyzed the control over reservoir through the structure characteristic of fault of Qaidamu Basin. Structure deformation is mainly strike-slip thrust because of Aerjin fault strike-slip and Qilianshan Mountains uplift in the north of Caiaidamu foreland basis. The fault systems were divided into three suits, controlled by Ganchaigou Formation and decollement formation. There are two sets of hydrocarbon-reservoir-cap rock groups in the longitudinal, and primary origin and secondary origin hydrocarbon reservoir. There are three models of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation, early stage accumulation and later period conservation type.