The study of temperature changes is the key to the understanding of the variations of earth climate system. In this study, brachiopod shells collected from Longmen Mountain in Sichuan Province were analyzed for δ18O and trace elements Mn, Fe, Mg, Sr and Ca. With optical observation, cathodoluminescence and trace elements concentration, brachiopod shells were assigned to be preserved well and those data of oxygen isotope and trace elements were valid. It is possibly due to the unknown oxygen isotope in ancient seawater and its instability. Though the Mg/Ca ratios were also affected by the salinity and pH of ancient seawater, the temperatures according to Mg/Ca ratio thermometer in brachiopod shells were similar with those in reality.